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Jorge E. Chavarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • meat intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels among young men in spain
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2019
    Co-Authors: Ana B Maldonadocarceles, N. Jørgensen, Jaime Mendiola, Lidia Minguezalarcon, Jesus Vioque, Julian J Arensegonzalo, Alberto M Torrescantero, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to assess the associations of intake of different types of meat with semen parameters and Reproductive Hormones in healthy young men. This cross-sectional study included 206 men, 18–23 years, from Southern Spain. All men completed a validated FFQ, underwent a physical examination, and provided blood and semen samples. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the associations between meat intake with semen quality parameters and Reproductive Hormones. Total meat intake was unrelated to semen quality or Reproductive Hormone levels. When subgroups of meat were separately considered, however, shellfish intake was positively related to progressive motility. The adjusted percentages of progressively motile spermatozoa for men in increasing quartiles of shellfish intake were 45·2, 42·0, 49·4 and 53·2 % with a significant linear trend across quartiles ( P trend ≤0·001). In contrast, men who consumed organ meats had significantly lower progressive sperm motility (51·5 v . 42·8 %; P = 0·001) and higher luteinising Hormone levels (4·0 v . 4·6 IU/l; P = 0·03) compared with men who did not consume organ meats. Intake of shellfish and organ meats was low in this population, however. Given the scarcity of data on the relation between specific types of meat with semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels, additional research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.

  • dietary fat intake and Reproductive Hormone concentrations and ovulation in regularly menstruating women
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sunni L Mumford, Karen C. Schliep, Lindsey A. Sjaarda, Shvetha M. Zarek, Anna Z. Pollack, Neil J. Perkins, Cuilin Zhang, Kara A. Michels, Jorge E. Chavarro, Torie C. Plowden
    Abstract:

    Background: Emerging evidence suggests potential links between some dietary fatty acids and improved fertility, because specific fatty acids may affect prostaglandin synthesis and steroidogenesis. Objective: The objective of this exploratory study was to evaluate associations between total and specific types of dietary fat intake and 1) Hormone concentrations and 2) the risk of sporadic anovulation in a cohort of 259 regularly menstruating women in the BioCycle Study. Design: Endogenous Reproductive Hormones were measured up to 8 times/cycle for up to 2 cycles, with visits scheduled with the use of fertility monitors. Dietary intake was assessed with up to four 24-h recalls/cycle. Linear mixed models and generalized linear models were used to evaluate the associations between dietary fatty acids and both Reproductive Hormone concentrations and ovulatory status. All models were adjusted for total energy intake, age, body mass index, and race. Results: Relative to the lowest levels of percentage of energy from total fat, the highest tertile was associated with increased total and free testosterone concentrations (total: percentage change of 4.0%; 95% CI: 0.7%, 7.3%; free: percentage change of 4.1%; 95% CI: 0.5%, 7.7%). In particular, the percentage of energy from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the highest tertile was associated with increases in total and free testosterone (total: percentage change of 3.7%; 95% CI: 0.6%, 6.8%; free: percentage change of 4.0%; 95% CI: 0.5%, 7.5%). The PUFA docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n‐3) was not significantly associated with testosterone concentrations (P-trend = 0.86 in energy substitution models) but was associated with increased progesterone and a reduced risk of anovulation (highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile: RR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.95). Fat intakes were not associated with other Reproductive Hormone concentrations. Conclusions: These results indicate that total fat intake, and PUFA intake in particular, is associated with very small increases in testosterone concentrations in healthy women and that increased docosapentaenoic acid was associated with a lower risk of anovulation. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.119321.

  • Dietary fat intake and Reproductive Hormone concentrations and ovulation in regularly menstruating women
    American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016
    Co-Authors: Sunni L Mumford, Karen C. Schliep, Lindsey A. Sjaarda, Shvetha M. Zarek, Anna Z. Pollack, Neil J. Perkins, Cuilin Zhang, Kara A. Michels, Jorge E. Chavarro, Torie C. Plowden
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests potential links between some dietary fatty acids and improved fertility, because specific fatty acids may affect prostaglandin synthesis and steroidogenesis.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The objective of this exploratory study was to evaluate associations between total and specific types of dietary fat intake and 1) Hormone concentrations and 2) the risk of sporadic anovulation in a cohort of 259 regularly menstruating women in the BioCycle Study.\n\nDESIGN: Endogenous Reproductive Hormones were measured up to 8 times/cycle for up to 2 cycles, with visits scheduled with the use of fertility monitors. Dietary intake was assessed with up to four 24-h recalls/cycle. Linear mixed models and generalized linear models were used to evaluate the associations between dietary fatty acids and both Reproductive Hormone concentrations and ovulatory status. All models were adjusted for total energy intake, age, body mass index, and race.\n\nRESULTS: Relative to the lowest levels of percentage of energy from total fat, the highest tertile was associated with increased total and free testosterone concentrations (total: percentage change of 4.0%; 95% CI: 0.7%, 7.3%; free: percentage change of 4.1%; 95% CI: 0.5%, 7.7%). In particular, the percentage of energy from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the highest tertile was associated with increases in total and free testosterone (total: percentage change of 3.7%; 95% CI: 0.6%, 6.8%; free: percentage change of 4.0%; 95% CI: 0.5%, 7.5%). The PUFA docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) was not significantly associated with testosterone concentrations (P-trend = 0.86 in energy substitution models) but was associated with increased progesterone and a reduced risk of anovulation (highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile: RR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.95). Fat intakes were not associated with other Reproductive Hormone concentrations.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that total fat intake, and PUFA intake in particular, is associated with very small increases in testosterone concentrations in healthy women and that increased docosapentaenoic acid was associated with a lower risk of anovulation.

  • sugar sweetened beverage intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels in young men
    Human Reproduction, 2014
    Co-Authors: Y H Chiu, M. Afeiche, P. L. Williams, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Audrey J. Gaskins, Jaime Mendiola, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    STUDY QUESTION: Is consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) associated with semen quality? SUMMARY ANSWER: Higher consumption of SSB was associated with lower sperm motility among healthy, young men. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The existing literature on the potential role of SSBs on male Reproductive function is scarce and primarily focused on the relation between caffeinated beverages and semen quality. However, a rodent model suggests that SSBs may hamper male fertility. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Rochester Young Men's Study; a cross-sectional study of 189 healthy young men carried out at the University of Rochester during 2009-2010. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Men aged 18-22 years provided semen and blood samples, underwent a physical examination and completed a previously validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Linear regression was used to analyze the association of SSBs with sperm parameters and Reproductive Hormone levels while adjusting for potential confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: SSB intake was inversely related to progressive sperm motility. Men in the highest quartile of SSB intake (≥1.3 serving/day) had 9.8 (95% CI: 1.9,17.8) percentage units lower progressive sperm motility than men in the lowest quartile of intake (<0.2 serving/day) (P, trend = 0.03). This association was stronger among lean men (P, trend = 0.005) but absent among overweight or obese men (P, trend = 0.98). SSB intake was unrelated to other semen quality parameters or Reproductive Hormones levels. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: As in all cross-sectional studies, causal inference is limited. An additional problem is that only single semen sample was obtained from each subject. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: To our knowledge, this is the first report on the relation between SSB intake and low semen quality beyond the contribution of caffeinated beverages. While our findings are in agreement with recent experimental data in rodents, more studies are required to draw conclusions on the relation of SSB with semen quality or male infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): Supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), 'Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health' (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 and T32HD060454 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.

  • dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels among physically active young men
    Human Reproduction, 2013
    Co-Authors: M. Afeiche, P. L. Williams, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Audrey J. Gaskins, Jaime Mendiola, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    main results and the role of chance: Total dairy food intake was inversely related to sperm morphology (P-trend ¼ 0.004). This association was mostly driven by intake of full-fat dairy foods. The adjusted difference (95% confidence interval) in normal sperm morphology percent was 23.2% (24.5 to 21.8) between men in the upper half and those in the lower half of full-fat dairy intake (P , 0.0001), while the equivalent contrast for low-fat dairy intake was less pronounced [21.3% (22.7 to 20.07; P ¼ 0.06)]. Full-fat dairy intake was also associated with significantly lower percent progressively motile sperm (P ¼ 0.05). limitations, reasons for caution: As it was a cross-sectional study, causal inference is limited. wider implications of the findings: Further research is needed to prove a causal link between a high consumption of full-fat dairy foods and detrimental effects on semen quality. If verified our findings would mean that intake of full-fat dairy foods should be considered in attempts to explain secular trends in semen quality and that men trying to have children should restrict their intake. study funding/competing interest(s): European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), ‘Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health’ (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.

Sarah Berga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • age sex and Reproductive Hormone effects on brain serotonin 1a and serotonin 2a receptor binding in a healthy population
    Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Eydie L Moseskolko, Nilesh Shah, Sarah Berga, Carl Becker, Patrick M. Fisher, Julie C Price, Susan M Sereika, Rhaven L Coleman, Scott N Mason, Tammy Loucks
    Abstract:

    There is a need for rigorous positron emission tomography (PET) and endocrine methods to address inconsistencies in the literature regarding age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on central serotonin (5HT) 1A and 2A receptor binding potential (BP). Healthy subjects (n=71), aged 20–80 years, underwent 5HT1A and 2A receptor imaging using consecutive 90-min PET acquisitions with [11C]WAY100635 and [18F]altanserin. Logan graphical analysis was used to derive BP using atrophy-corrected distribution volume (VT) in prefrontal, mesiotemporal, occipital cortices, and raphe nucleus (5HT1A only). We used multivariate linear regression modeling to examine BP relationships with age, age2, sex, and Hormone concentrations, with post hoc regional significance set at p<0.008. There were small postsynaptic 5HT1A receptor BP increases with age and estradiol concentration in women (p=0.004–0.005) and a tendency for small 5HT1A receptor BP declines with age and free androgen index in men (p=0.05–0.06). Raphe 5HT1A receptor BP decreased 4.5% per decade of age (p=0.05), primarily in men. There was a trend for 15% receptor reductions in prefrontal cortical regions in women relative to men (post hoc p=0.03–0.10). The significant decline in 5HT2A receptor BP relative to age (8% per decade; p<0.001) was not related to sex or Hormone concentrations. In conclusion, endocrine standardization minimized confounding introduced by endogenous hormonal fluctuations and Reproductive stage and permitted us to detect small effects of sex, age, and endogenous sex steroid exposures upon 5HT1A binding. Reduced prefrontal cortical 5HT1A receptor BP in women vs men, but increased 5HT1A receptor BP with aging in women, may partially explain the increased susceptibility to affective disorders in women during their Reproductive years that is mitigated in later life. 5HT1A receptor decreases with age in men might contribute to the known increased risk for suicide in men over age 75 years. Low Hormone concentrations in adults <50 years of age may be associated with more extreme 5HT1A receptor BP values, but remains to be studied further. The 5HT2A receptor declines with age were not related to sex or Hormone concentrations in this sample. Additional study in clinical populations is needed to further examine the affective role of sex–Hormone–serotonin receptor relationships.

  • Age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on brain serotonin-1A and serotonin-2A receptor binding in a healthy population
    Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Eydie L. Moses-kolko, Nilesh Shah, Sarah Berga, Rhaven Coleman, Carl Becker, N. Scott Mason, Patrick M. Fisher, Julie C Price, Susan M Sereika, Tammy Loucks
    Abstract:

    There is a need for rigorous positron emission tomography (PET) and endocrine methods to address inconsistencies in the literature regarding age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on central serotonin (5HT) 1A and 2A receptor binding potential (BP). Healthy subjects (n=71), aged 20-80 years, underwent 5HT1A and 2A receptor imaging using consecutive 90-min PET acquisitions with [(11)C]WAY100635 and [(18)F]altanserin. Logan graphical analysis was used to derive BP using atrophy-corrected distribution volume (V(T)) in prefrontal, mesiotemporal, occipital cortices, and raphe nucleus (5HT1A only). We used multivariate linear regression modeling to examine BP relationships with age, age(2), sex, and Hormone concentrations, with post hoc regional significance set at p

  • determination of menopausal status in women the nhlbi sponsored women s ischemia syndrome evaluation wise study
    Journal of Womens Health, 2004
    Co-Authors: Delia B Johnson, Sarah Berga, Vera Bittner, Glenn D. Braunstein, Steven E. Reis, Noel Bairey C Merz, Keta T Hodgson, Gretchen L Gierach, Diane A Vido, Barry L Sharaf
    Abstract:

    Purpose: Accurate classification of menopausal status is important to epidemiological research evaluating the role of Reproductive Hormones in disease processes. Algorithms relying on repeat Hormone assays are unfeasible in large epidemiological studies. This paper summarizes the development of the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Hormonal menopausal status algorithm for determining premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal status using menstrual and Reproductive history and Reproductive Hormone levels obtained at a single clinic visit. Methods: The authors compared the accuracy of this algorithm with two currently used selfreport algorithms: Menstrual, based only on months since last menstrual period, and Historical, which adds age and surgical history. Results: The study population consisted of 515 women (329 clearly postmenopausal) enrolled in the WISE study who were undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischemia. A subgroup of 186, not clearly postmenopausal, was classified ...

  • hypoestrogenemia of hypothalamic origin and coronary artery disease in premenopausal women a report from the nhlbi sponsored wise study
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Noel Bairey C Merz, Sarah Berga, Vera Bittner, Glenn D. Braunstein, Carl J. Pepine, Delia B Johnson, Keta T Hodgson, Barry L Sharaf, Karen A Matthews, Steven E. Reis
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objectives We sought to evaluate hypoestrogenemia of hypothalamic origin and its association with angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) in premenopausal women. Background Coronary artery disease in premenopausal women appears to have a particularly poor prognosis. Primate animal data suggest that premenopausal CAD is strongly determined by psychosocial stress-induced central disruption of ovulatory cycling and resulting hypoestrogenemia. Methods We assessed Reproductive Hormone blood levels and angiographic CAD using core laboratories in 95 premenopausal women with coronary risk factors who were enrolled in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute–sponsored Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation and were undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation for suspected ischemia. Results Premenopausal women with angiographic CAD (n = 13) had significantly lower estradiol, bioavailable estradiol, and follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) (all p Conclusions Among premenopausal women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischemia, disruption of ovulatory cycling characterized by hypoestrogenemia of hypothalamic origin appears to be associated with angiographic CAD.

  • Cholesterol-lowering medication, cholesterol level, and Reproductive Hormones in women: the women’s ischemia syndrome evaluation (WISE)
    The American Journal of Medicine, 2002
    Co-Authors: C. Noel Bairey Merz, Sarah Berga, Marian B. Olson, B. Delia Johnson, Vera Bittner, T. Keta Hodgson, Glenn D. Braunstein, Carl J. Pepine, Steven E. Reis, George Sopko
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose Reproductive Hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are synthesized from a common cholesterol precursor pathway. We hypothesized that use of statins and the resultant lower blood lipoprotein levels would be associated with lower Reproductive Hormone levels in women. We also sought to evaluate this association, independent of statin use, particularly among premenopausal women of childbearing age. Methods We enrolled 453 (114 pre-, 30 peri-, and 309 postmenopausal) women with coronary risk factors (mean [± SD] age, 58 ± 13 years) who were undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischemia at four academic medical centers. Blood lipoprotein levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and serum Reproductive Hormone levels (estradiol, bioavailable estradiol, estrone, progesterone) were measured. Results Use of statins was associated with lower lipoprotein levels, but not lower Reproductive Hormone levels, in all women. Mean estradiol levels were not significantly lower among premenopausal women with very low LDL cholesterol levels compared with women with higher LDL cholesterol levels (estradiol: 71 ± 52 pg/mL vs. 88 ± 67 pg/mL, P = 0.32). Conclusion Among women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischemia, the use of statins, or lower cholesterol levels, are not associated with significantly lower levels of Reproductive Hormones.

Tammy Loucks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • age sex and Reproductive Hormone effects on brain serotonin 1a and serotonin 2a receptor binding in a healthy population
    Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Eydie L Moseskolko, Nilesh Shah, Sarah Berga, Carl Becker, Patrick M. Fisher, Julie C Price, Susan M Sereika, Rhaven L Coleman, Scott N Mason, Tammy Loucks
    Abstract:

    There is a need for rigorous positron emission tomography (PET) and endocrine methods to address inconsistencies in the literature regarding age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on central serotonin (5HT) 1A and 2A receptor binding potential (BP). Healthy subjects (n=71), aged 20–80 years, underwent 5HT1A and 2A receptor imaging using consecutive 90-min PET acquisitions with [11C]WAY100635 and [18F]altanserin. Logan graphical analysis was used to derive BP using atrophy-corrected distribution volume (VT) in prefrontal, mesiotemporal, occipital cortices, and raphe nucleus (5HT1A only). We used multivariate linear regression modeling to examine BP relationships with age, age2, sex, and Hormone concentrations, with post hoc regional significance set at p<0.008. There were small postsynaptic 5HT1A receptor BP increases with age and estradiol concentration in women (p=0.004–0.005) and a tendency for small 5HT1A receptor BP declines with age and free androgen index in men (p=0.05–0.06). Raphe 5HT1A receptor BP decreased 4.5% per decade of age (p=0.05), primarily in men. There was a trend for 15% receptor reductions in prefrontal cortical regions in women relative to men (post hoc p=0.03–0.10). The significant decline in 5HT2A receptor BP relative to age (8% per decade; p<0.001) was not related to sex or Hormone concentrations. In conclusion, endocrine standardization minimized confounding introduced by endogenous hormonal fluctuations and Reproductive stage and permitted us to detect small effects of sex, age, and endogenous sex steroid exposures upon 5HT1A binding. Reduced prefrontal cortical 5HT1A receptor BP in women vs men, but increased 5HT1A receptor BP with aging in women, may partially explain the increased susceptibility to affective disorders in women during their Reproductive years that is mitigated in later life. 5HT1A receptor decreases with age in men might contribute to the known increased risk for suicide in men over age 75 years. Low Hormone concentrations in adults <50 years of age may be associated with more extreme 5HT1A receptor BP values, but remains to be studied further. The 5HT2A receptor declines with age were not related to sex or Hormone concentrations in this sample. Additional study in clinical populations is needed to further examine the affective role of sex–Hormone–serotonin receptor relationships.

  • Age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on brain serotonin-1A and serotonin-2A receptor binding in a healthy population
    Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Eydie L. Moses-kolko, Nilesh Shah, Sarah Berga, Rhaven Coleman, Carl Becker, N. Scott Mason, Patrick M. Fisher, Julie C Price, Susan M Sereika, Tammy Loucks
    Abstract:

    There is a need for rigorous positron emission tomography (PET) and endocrine methods to address inconsistencies in the literature regarding age, sex, and Reproductive Hormone effects on central serotonin (5HT) 1A and 2A receptor binding potential (BP). Healthy subjects (n=71), aged 20-80 years, underwent 5HT1A and 2A receptor imaging using consecutive 90-min PET acquisitions with [(11)C]WAY100635 and [(18)F]altanserin. Logan graphical analysis was used to derive BP using atrophy-corrected distribution volume (V(T)) in prefrontal, mesiotemporal, occipital cortices, and raphe nucleus (5HT1A only). We used multivariate linear regression modeling to examine BP relationships with age, age(2), sex, and Hormone concentrations, with post hoc regional significance set at p

N. Jørgensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • meat intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels among young men in spain
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2019
    Co-Authors: Ana B Maldonadocarceles, N. Jørgensen, Jaime Mendiola, Lidia Minguezalarcon, Jesus Vioque, Julian J Arensegonzalo, Alberto M Torrescantero, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to assess the associations of intake of different types of meat with semen parameters and Reproductive Hormones in healthy young men. This cross-sectional study included 206 men, 18–23 years, from Southern Spain. All men completed a validated FFQ, underwent a physical examination, and provided blood and semen samples. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the associations between meat intake with semen quality parameters and Reproductive Hormones. Total meat intake was unrelated to semen quality or Reproductive Hormone levels. When subgroups of meat were separately considered, however, shellfish intake was positively related to progressive motility. The adjusted percentages of progressively motile spermatozoa for men in increasing quartiles of shellfish intake were 45·2, 42·0, 49·4 and 53·2 % with a significant linear trend across quartiles ( P trend ≤0·001). In contrast, men who consumed organ meats had significantly lower progressive sperm motility (51·5 v . 42·8 %; P = 0·001) and higher luteinising Hormone levels (4·0 v . 4·6 IU/l; P = 0·03) compared with men who did not consume organ meats. Intake of shellfish and organ meats was low in this population, however. Given the scarcity of data on the relation between specific types of meat with semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels, additional research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.

  • Anogenital distance and Reproductive parameters in young men
    Andrologia, 2016
    Co-Authors: M. D. Parra, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Jaime Mendiola, A. M. Torres-cantero
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between anogenital distance (AGD) measures and semen quality and serum Reproductive Hormone levels in Caucasian young men from southern Spain. Two variants of AGD [from the anus to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGDAS ) and to the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGDAP )] were assessed in 215 university students. Semen parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm counts, motility and morphology) and serum Reproductive Hormones (follicle stimulating Hormone, luteinising Hormone, inhibin B, testosterone, calculated free testosterone, oestradiol and sex Hormone-binding globulin) were also determined. Associations between AGD measures and the semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels were tested using multiple regression analyses. Overall, median sperm concentration was 44.0 × 10(6) ml(-1) (5th-95th percentiles: 8.9-129 × 10(6 ) ml(-1) ), median total sperm count was 121 × 10(6) (18.0-400 × 10(6) ), and mean (SD) testosterone level was 21.7 nmol/l (6.9). Mean (SD) AGDAS and AGDAP measures were 48.3 mm (11.6) and 128 mm (12.0) respectively. In the multivariable analysis, AGD measures were not associated with any semen parameters or any of the Reproductive Hormone levels, which is in contrast to results of studies of US young men or infertile men. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.

  • sugar sweetened beverage intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels in young men
    Human Reproduction, 2014
    Co-Authors: Y H Chiu, M. Afeiche, P. L. Williams, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Audrey J. Gaskins, Jaime Mendiola, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    STUDY QUESTION: Is consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) associated with semen quality? SUMMARY ANSWER: Higher consumption of SSB was associated with lower sperm motility among healthy, young men. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The existing literature on the potential role of SSBs on male Reproductive function is scarce and primarily focused on the relation between caffeinated beverages and semen quality. However, a rodent model suggests that SSBs may hamper male fertility. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Rochester Young Men's Study; a cross-sectional study of 189 healthy young men carried out at the University of Rochester during 2009-2010. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Men aged 18-22 years provided semen and blood samples, underwent a physical examination and completed a previously validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Linear regression was used to analyze the association of SSBs with sperm parameters and Reproductive Hormone levels while adjusting for potential confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: SSB intake was inversely related to progressive sperm motility. Men in the highest quartile of SSB intake (≥1.3 serving/day) had 9.8 (95% CI: 1.9,17.8) percentage units lower progressive sperm motility than men in the lowest quartile of intake (<0.2 serving/day) (P, trend = 0.03). This association was stronger among lean men (P, trend = 0.005) but absent among overweight or obese men (P, trend = 0.98). SSB intake was unrelated to other semen quality parameters or Reproductive Hormones levels. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: As in all cross-sectional studies, causal inference is limited. An additional problem is that only single semen sample was obtained from each subject. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: To our knowledge, this is the first report on the relation between SSB intake and low semen quality beyond the contribution of caffeinated beverages. While our findings are in agreement with recent experimental data in rodents, more studies are required to draw conclusions on the relation of SSB with semen quality or male infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): Supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), 'Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health' (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 and T32HD060454 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.

  • dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels among physically active young men
    Human Reproduction, 2013
    Co-Authors: M. Afeiche, P. L. Williams, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Audrey J. Gaskins, Jaime Mendiola, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    main results and the role of chance: Total dairy food intake was inversely related to sperm morphology (P-trend ¼ 0.004). This association was mostly driven by intake of full-fat dairy foods. The adjusted difference (95% confidence interval) in normal sperm morphology percent was 23.2% (24.5 to 21.8) between men in the upper half and those in the lower half of full-fat dairy intake (P , 0.0001), while the equivalent contrast for low-fat dairy intake was less pronounced [21.3% (22.7 to 20.07; P ¼ 0.06)]. Full-fat dairy intake was also associated with significantly lower percent progressively motile sperm (P ¼ 0.05). limitations, reasons for caution: As it was a cross-sectional study, causal inference is limited. wider implications of the findings: Further research is needed to prove a causal link between a high consumption of full-fat dairy foods and detrimental effects on semen quality. If verified our findings would mean that intake of full-fat dairy foods should be considered in attempts to explain secular trends in semen quality and that men trying to have children should restrict their intake. study funding/competing interest(s): European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), ‘Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health’ (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.

  • Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels among physically active young men
    Human Reproduction, 2013
    Co-Authors: M. Afeiche, P. L. Williams, N. Jørgensen, S. H. Swan, Audrey J. Gaskins, Jaime Mendiola, Jorge E. Chavarro
    Abstract:

    STUDY QUESTION: Is increased consumption of dairy foods associated with lower semen quality?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: We found that intake of full-fat dairy was inversely related to sperm motility and morphology. These associations were driven primarily by intake of cheese and were independent of overall dietary patterns.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: It has been suggested that environmental estrogens could be responsible for the putative secular decline in sperm counts. Dairy foods contain large amounts of estrogens. While some studies have suggested dairy as a possible contributing factor for decreased semen quality, this finding has not been consistent across studies.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Rochester Young Men's Study (n = 189) was a cross-sectional study conducted between 2009 and 2010 at the University of Rochester.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Men aged 18-22 years were included in this analysis. Diet was assessed via food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression was used to analyze the relation between dairy intake and conventional semen quality parameters (total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology and ejaculate volume) adjusting for age, abstinence time, race, smoking status, body mass index, recruitment period, moderate-to-intense exercise, TV watching and total calorie intake.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Total dairy food intake was inversely related to sperm morphology (P-trend = 0.004). This association was mostly driven by intake of full-fat dairy foods. The adjusted difference (95% confidence interval) in normal sperm morphology percent was -3.2% (-4.5 to -1.8) between men in the upper half and those in the lower half of full-fat dairy intake (P < 0.0001), while the equivalent contrast for low-fat dairy intake was less pronounced [-1.3% (-2.7 to -0.07; P= 0.06)]. Full-fat dairy intake was also associated with significantly lower percent progressively motile sperm (P= 0.05).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: As it was a cross-sectional study, causal inference is limited.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Further research is needed to prove a causal link between a high consumption of full-fat dairy foods and detrimental effects on semen quality. If verified our findings would mean that intake of full-fat dairy foods should be considered in attempts to explain secular trends in semen quality and that men trying to have children should restrict their intake.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): European Union Seventh Framework Program (Environment), 'Developmental Effects of Environment on Reproductive Health' (DEER) grant 212844. Grant P30 DK046200 and Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institutes of Health. None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare.

Niels E Skakkebaek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the association of Reproductive Hormone levels and all cause cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality in men
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2015
    Co-Authors: Stine A Holmboe, Tina Kold Jensen, Niels E Skakkebaek, Eleni Vradi, Allan Linneberg, Lise Lotte N Husemoen, Thomas H Scheike, Anders Juul, Annamaria Andersson
    Abstract:

    Context: Testosterone (T) levels have been associated with mortality, but controversy exists. Objective: Our objective was to investigate associations between serum levels of total T, SHBG, free T, estradiol, LH and FSH, and subsequent mortality with up to 30 years of follow-up. Design: This was a prospective cohort study consisting of men participating in four independent population-based surveys (MONICA I–III and Inter99) from 1982 to 2001 and followed until December 2012 with complete registry follow-up. Setting and Participants: A total of 5350 randomly selected men from the general population aged 30, 40, 50, 60, or 70 years at baseline participated. Main Outcomes and Measures: All-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and cancer mortality were the main outcomes. Results: A total of 1533 men died during the follow-up period; 428 from CVD and 480 from cancer. Cox proportional hazard models revealed that men in highest LH quartile had an increased all-cause mortality compared to lowe...

  • the relationship between anogenital distance and Reproductive Hormone levels in adult men
    The Journal of Urology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Michael L Eisenberg, Tina Kold Jensen, Chanc R Walters, Niels E Skakkebaek, Larry I Lipshultz
    Abstract:

    Purpose: Anogenital distance is a marker for endocrine disruption in animal studies in which decreased distance has been associated with testicular dysfunction. In this study we investigated whether anogenital distance was associated with Reproductive Hormone levels in adult men.Materials and Methods: A total of 116 men (mean age 36.1 ± 8.0 years) were evaluated at an andrology clinic in Houston. Anogenital distance (the distance from the posterior aspect of the scrotum to the anal verge) and penile length were measured using digital calipers. Testis size was estimated by physical examination. Linear regression was used to determine correlations between genital measurements and Hormone levels.Results: Anogenital distance (r = 0.20, p = 0.03) and penile length (r = 0.20, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with serum testosterone levels while total testis size was not (r = 0.17, p = 0.07). No relationship between genital length and luteinizing Hormone, follicle-stimulating Hormone or estradiol was iden...

  • semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels in men from southern spain
    International Journal of Andrology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Mariana F Fernandez, Niels E Skakkebaek, Jorma Toppari, I Duran, Nicolas Olea, C Avivar, Matti Vierula, N. Jørgensen
    Abstract:

    In North European countries, a significant difference in semen quality among young men has been shown. Men from the western countries, Denmark, Germany and Norway, have lower semen quality than men from the eastern countries Finland, Estonia and Lithuania. Similarly, men in the western countries have a higher risk of testicular cancer. According to the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) concept that suggests a link between risk of impaired semen quality and increased risk of testicular cancer, Spanish men would be expected to have a semen quality at a normal level because of their very low testis cancer risk. We therefore investigated 273 men from the Almeria region in the Southern Spain to test this hypothesis. The men delivered semen samples, underwent physical examinations, had a blood sample drawn and provided information on lifestyle and Reproductive health parameters. The investigations took place from November 2001 to December 2002. Adjusting for effects of confounders, the median sperm concentration and total sperm count were 62 (95% confidence interval 47–82) million/mL and 206 (153–278) million, respectively. The median numbers of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa assessed according to strict criteria were 59% (57–62%) and 9.4% (8.6–10.0%), respectively. The median total testosterone and calculated free androgen index were 28 nm (26–30) and 95 (88–103), respectively. Assuming that the investigated men, to a large extent, are representative of the population of young men the Southern Spain, the results show that these have normal semen quality and Reproductive Hormone levels as expected in a population with a low incidence of testicular cancer.

  • hypospadias in a cohort of 1072 danish newborn boys prevalence and relationship to placental weight anthropometrical measurements at birth and Reproductive Hormone levels at three months of age
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2005
    Co-Authors: Kirsten A Boisen, Niels E Skakkebaek, Marla Chellakooty, Ida Maria Schmidt, Ida N Damgaard, Annemaarit Suomi, Jorma Toppari, Katharina M Main
    Abstract:

    Context: Hypospadias is one of the most frequent male congenital malformations and may be part of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of hypospadias in Denmark and evaluate the relationship to anthropometrical measurements at birth and Reproductive Hormone levels at 3 months of age. Design: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 3-yr follow-up (1997–2004). Setting: The population-based study was conducted at the University Hospital of Copenhagen. Participants: A total of 1072 Danish boys were consecutively recruited antenatally, with 74.4% completing the study. Main Outcome Measures: The study examined the position of the urethral meatus, anthropometrical measurements, placental weight, and Reproductive Hormone levels. Results: The Danish birth prevalence of hypospadias was significantly higher than in a concomitant Finnish study (1.03 vs. 0.27%; P = 0.012). At 3 yr, the true prevalence was found to be 4.64% because additional mild c...

  • systemic absorption of the sunscreens benzophenone 3 octyl methoxycinnamate and 3 4 methyl benzylidene camphor after whole body topical application and Reproductive Hormone levels in humans
    Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Nadeem Rezaq Janjua, Niels E Skakkebaek, Brian Mogensen, Annamaria Andersson, Jorgen Holm Petersen, Mette Henriksen, Hans Christian Wulf
    Abstract:

    Recent in vitro and animal studies have reported estrogen-like activity of chemicals used in sunscreen preparations. We investigated whether the three sunscreens benzophenone-3 (BP-3), octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC), and 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor (4-MBC) were absorbed and influenced endogenous Reproductive Hormone levels in humans after topical application. In this 2-wk single-blinded study 32 healthy volunteers, 15 young males and 17 postmenopausal females, were assigned to daily whole-body topical application of 2 mg per cm2 of basic cream formulation without (week 1) and with (week 2) the three sunscreens at 10% (wt/wt) of each. Maximum plasma concentrations were 200 ng per mL BP-3, 20 ng per mL 4-MBC, and 10 ng per mL OMC for females and 300 ng per mL BP-3, 20 ng per mL 4-MBC, and 20 ng per mL OMC for men. All three sunscreens were detectable in urine. The Reproductive Hormones FSH, LH were unchanged but minor differences in testosterone levels were observed between the 2 wk. A minor difference in serum estradiol and inhibin B levels were observed in men only. These differences in Hormone levels were not related to sunscreen exposure.