The Experts below are selected from a list of 240 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Esther M. Sternberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tissue expression of Steroid Hormone receptors is associated with differential immune responsiveness.
    Brain behavior and immunity, 2010
    Co-Authors: Cherie L. Butts, Yava L. Jones, Jean K. Lim, Caroline E. Salter, Elena Belyavskaya, Esther M. Sternberg
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids and other Steroid Hormones have been used as treatments against a number of diseases, especially inflammatory conditions in which the immune system is overactive. These treatments have varying degrees of responsiveness among individuals and in different tissues (including brain); therefore, it is important to determine what could account for these differences. In this study, we evaluated expression of Steroid Hormone receptors in immune cells from lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues as a possible explanation for tissue-specific differences. We analyzed leukocytes (CD45+) in kidney, liver, spleen, and thymus tissues from healthy mice for expression of the receptor for stress Hormone (glucocorticoid - GR) as well as other Steroid Hormones (androgen - AR, progesterone - PR) and found that all tissues expressed these Steroid Hormone receptors but with varying expression patterns. To determine whether tissue-specific differences were related to immune cell composition, we examined Steroid Hormone receptor expression in T lymphocytes from each of these tissues and found similar patterns of expression in these cells regardless of tissue source. Because glucocorticoids can also impact brain function, we further examined expression of the stress Hormone receptor in brain tissue and found GR expressed in immune cells at this site. In order to investigate the potential impact in an area of neuropathology, we utilized a mouse model of West Nile Virus (WNV). We observed pathological changes in brains of WNV-infected animals and T lymphocytes in the areas of inflammation; however, these cells did not express GR. These data indicate that tissue-specific differences in Steroid Hormone receptor expression by immune cells could determine responsiveness with Steroid Hormone treatment.

  • Evaluation of Steroid Hormone receptor protein expression in intact cells using flow cytometry.
    Nuclear receptor signaling, 2007
    Co-Authors: Cherie L. Butts, Elena Belyavskaya, Shetha Shukair, Kristina M. Duncan, Christopher W. Harris, Esther M. Sternberg
    Abstract:

    Several methods are currently employed to evaluate expression of Steroid Hormone receptors in tissues and cells, including real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and western blot assays. These methods require homogenization of cells, thereby preventing evaluation of individual cells or specific cell types in a given tissue sample. In addition, methods such as real-time RT-PCR assess mRNA levels, which may be subject to posttranslational modifications that prevent subsequent production of functional proteins. Flow cytometry is a fluorescence-based technique commonly used to evaluate expression of cell surface and intracellular proteins. This method is especially useful as it allows for single-cell analysis and can be utilized to determine the amount of receptor expressed by individual cells. Flow cytometry is commonly used to analyze immune cell activity and determine functionality based on changes in expression of cell surface molecules, as well as intracellular proteins (such as cytokines). Here, we describe a method to identify protein expression of Steroid Hormone receptors by rat leukocytes from different organs (spleen, liver and thymus) using flow cytometry. We examined expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PR) by cells at these sites and were able to demonstrate expression of receptors, as well as the intensity of expression of each receptor. This method is useful for rapid, high throughput measurement of Steroid Hormone receptors at the protein level in single, intact cells and would be valuable to determine which cells are more likely to respond to Steroid Hormone treatment.

Hiroshi Miyamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Role of Steroid Hormone Receptors in Urothelial Tumorigenesis
    Cancers, 2020
    Co-Authors: Hiroki Ide, Hiroshi Miyamoto
    Abstract:

    Preclinical and/or clinical evidence has indicated a potential role of Steroid Hormone-mediated signaling pathways in the development of various neoplastic diseases, while precise mechanisms for the functions of specific receptors remain poorly understood. Specifically, in urothelial cancer where sex-related differences particularly in its incidence are noted, activation of sex Hormone receptors, such as androgen receptor and estrogen receptor-β, has been associated with the induction of tumor development. More recently, glucocorticoid receptor has been implied to function as a suppressor of urothelial tumorigenesis. This article summarizes and discusses available data suggesting that Steroid Hormone receptors, including androgen receptor, estrogen receptor-α, estrogen receptor-β, glucocorticoid receptor, progesterone receptor and vitamin D receptor, as well as their related signals, contribute to modulating urothelial tumorigenesis.

  • Steroid Hormone Receptor Signals as Prognosticators for Urothelial Tumor
    Disease markers, 2015
    Co-Authors: Hiroki Ide, Hiroshi Miyamoto
    Abstract:

    There is a substantial amount of preclinical or clinical evidence suggesting that Steroid Hormone receptor-mediated signals play a critical role in urothelial tumorigenesis and tumor progression. These receptors include androgen receptor, estrogen receptors, glucocorticoid receptor, progesterone receptor, vitamin D receptor, retinoid receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and others including orphan receptors. In particular, studies using urothelial cancer tissue specimens have demonstrated that elevated or reduced expression of these receptors as well as alterations of their upstream or downstream pathways correlates with patient outcomes. This review summarizes and discusses available data suggesting that Steroid Hormone receptors and related signals serve as biomarkers for urothelial carcinoma and are able to predict tumor recurrence or progression.

Cherie L. Butts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tissue expression of Steroid Hormone receptors is associated with differential immune responsiveness.
    Brain behavior and immunity, 2010
    Co-Authors: Cherie L. Butts, Yava L. Jones, Jean K. Lim, Caroline E. Salter, Elena Belyavskaya, Esther M. Sternberg
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids and other Steroid Hormones have been used as treatments against a number of diseases, especially inflammatory conditions in which the immune system is overactive. These treatments have varying degrees of responsiveness among individuals and in different tissues (including brain); therefore, it is important to determine what could account for these differences. In this study, we evaluated expression of Steroid Hormone receptors in immune cells from lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues as a possible explanation for tissue-specific differences. We analyzed leukocytes (CD45+) in kidney, liver, spleen, and thymus tissues from healthy mice for expression of the receptor for stress Hormone (glucocorticoid - GR) as well as other Steroid Hormones (androgen - AR, progesterone - PR) and found that all tissues expressed these Steroid Hormone receptors but with varying expression patterns. To determine whether tissue-specific differences were related to immune cell composition, we examined Steroid Hormone receptor expression in T lymphocytes from each of these tissues and found similar patterns of expression in these cells regardless of tissue source. Because glucocorticoids can also impact brain function, we further examined expression of the stress Hormone receptor in brain tissue and found GR expressed in immune cells at this site. In order to investigate the potential impact in an area of neuropathology, we utilized a mouse model of West Nile Virus (WNV). We observed pathological changes in brains of WNV-infected animals and T lymphocytes in the areas of inflammation; however, these cells did not express GR. These data indicate that tissue-specific differences in Steroid Hormone receptor expression by immune cells could determine responsiveness with Steroid Hormone treatment.

  • Evaluation of Steroid Hormone receptor protein expression in intact cells using flow cytometry.
    Nuclear receptor signaling, 2007
    Co-Authors: Cherie L. Butts, Elena Belyavskaya, Shetha Shukair, Kristina M. Duncan, Christopher W. Harris, Esther M. Sternberg
    Abstract:

    Several methods are currently employed to evaluate expression of Steroid Hormone receptors in tissues and cells, including real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and western blot assays. These methods require homogenization of cells, thereby preventing evaluation of individual cells or specific cell types in a given tissue sample. In addition, methods such as real-time RT-PCR assess mRNA levels, which may be subject to posttranslational modifications that prevent subsequent production of functional proteins. Flow cytometry is a fluorescence-based technique commonly used to evaluate expression of cell surface and intracellular proteins. This method is especially useful as it allows for single-cell analysis and can be utilized to determine the amount of receptor expressed by individual cells. Flow cytometry is commonly used to analyze immune cell activity and determine functionality based on changes in expression of cell surface molecules, as well as intracellular proteins (such as cytokines). Here, we describe a method to identify protein expression of Steroid Hormone receptors by rat leukocytes from different organs (spleen, liver and thymus) using flow cytometry. We examined expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PR) by cells at these sites and were able to demonstrate expression of receptors, as well as the intensity of expression of each receptor. This method is useful for rapid, high throughput measurement of Steroid Hormone receptors at the protein level in single, intact cells and would be valuable to determine which cells are more likely to respond to Steroid Hormone treatment.

Richard E. Buller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Steroid Hormone Receptor Content and Lymph Node Status in Endometrial Cancer
    Gynecologic oncology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Peter C. Morris, James R. Anderson, Barrie Anderson, Richard E. Buller
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to correlate the Steroid Hormone receptor status in endometrial adenocarcinoma with tumor metastasis to the pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes, and with other known prognostic variables which influence survival. Tumor samples from 85 patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma, or adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation of the endometrium who underwent complete surgical staging, were assayed for cytoplasmic Steroid Hormone receptors using a dextran-coated charcoal technique. Steroid Hormone receptor content was correlated to lymph node status, along with other prognostic variables, such as patient's age, depth of myometrial invasion, tumor grade, and pelvic cytology. By univariate analysis, the likelihood of nodal involvement was associated with younger age and poorly differentiated tumors. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, tumor grade, and myometrial involvement added significant independent prognostic information. Estrogen or progesterone receptor content did not add independent prognostic information concerning lymph node status once other factors were controlled. Knowledge of estrogen and progesterone receptor binding status in adenocarcinoma of the uterus does not replace the prognostic information imparted by careful sampling of lymph nodes.

Jeffrey D. Blaustein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Minireview: Neuronal Steroid Hormone receptors: they're not just for Hormones anymore.
    Endocrinology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey D. Blaustein
    Abstract:

    The ovarian Steroid Hormones have numerous effects on the brain, many of which are mediated, at least in part, by interaction with intracellular Steroid Hormone receptors acting as regulators of transcription. These intracellular Steroid Hormone receptors have often been considered to be activated solely by cognate Hormone. However, during the past decade, numerous studies have shown that the receptors can be activated by neurotransmitters and intracellular signaling systems, through a process that does not require Hormone. Although most of these have been in vitro experiments, others have been in vivo. Evidence from a wide variety of tissues and cells suggests that Steroid Hormone receptors are transcription factors that can be activated by a wide variety of factors, only one of which is cognate Hormone. Furthermore, ligand-independent activation of neural Steroid Hormone receptors, rather than being a pharmacological or in vitro curiosity, seems to be a process that occurs in the normal physiology of animals. Thinking of Steroid Hormone receptors only as ligand-activated proteins may constrain our thinking about the many factors that may activate the receptors and cause receptor-dependent changes in neural gene expression and neuroendocrine function.

  • Heterogeneous Regulation of Steroid Hormone Receptors in the Brain
    American Zoologist, 1993
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey D. Blaustein, D. H. Olster, Marc J. Tetel
    Abstract:

    The ovarian Steroid Hormones, estradiol and progesterone, act in the guinea pig brain to regulate the expression of sexual behavior. In studies of the cellular mechanisms of Steroid Hormone action, we have used an immunocytochemical technique to study the regulation of these receptors in different neuroanatomical regions. We have observed that progestin receptor-immunoreactivity in cells in certain neuroanatomical regions are more responsive to particular Steroid Hormone treatments than are cells in other regions. Similarly, we have observed selective regulation of progestin receptor-immunoreactivity in neurons identified on the basis of their neuropeptide content