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Rose Gomes Monnerat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ocorrência da cochonilha Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em mudas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King).
EntomoBrasilis, 2019Co-Authors: Marcelo Tavares De Castro, Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Rose Gomes MonneratAbstract:Resumo. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) e relatada pela primeira vez associada ao mogno brasileiro, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestacoes deste pseudococcideo foram observadas sobre folhas e ramos de mudas do mogno cultivadas em casa de vegetacao, em Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil. O controle da cochonilha foi realizado manualmente e/ou com aplicacao de solucao de agua com detergente neutro a 10%. Occurrence of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mahogany seedlings ( Swietenia macrophylla King) Abstract. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is reported for the first time on brazilian mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestations of this Pseudococcidae were observed on leafs and branches of mahogany seedlings cultivated in a greenhouse, in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. The control of the mealybug was realized manually and/or with application of water solution with 10% of neutral detergent.
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Ocorrência da cochonilha Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em mudas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)
Entomologistas do Brasil, 2019Co-Authors: Marcelo Tavares De Castro, Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Rose Gomes MonneratAbstract:Resumo. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) é relatada pela primeira vez associada ao mogno brasileiro, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestações deste pseudococcídeo foram observadas sobre folhas e ramos de mudas do mogno cultivadas em casa de vegetação, em Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. O controle da cochonilha foi realizado manualmente e/ou com aplicação de solução de água com detergente neutro a 10%.Occurrence of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mahogany seedlings (Swietenia macrophylla King)Abstract. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is reported for the first time on brazilian mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestations of this Pseudococcidae were observed on leafs and branches of mahogany seedlings cultivated in a greenhouse, in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. The control of the mealybug was realized manually and/or with application of water solution with 10% of neutral detergent.
Oliver Dünisch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Kinetics of cell formation and growth stresses in the secondary xylem of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (Meliaceae)
Wood Science and Technology, 2005Co-Authors: Oliver Dünisch, Otto RühmannAbstract:The kinetics of xylem formation in four-year-old plants of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. were studied by means of high resolution laser measurements (accuracy: ±2 μm) in a spatial resolution of 18.7 to 94.1 μm and a temporal resolution of 1 to 60 s. The radial enlargement of the xylem cells was completed within 0.36 to 8.85 hours in Swietenia and within 0.52 to 12.03 hours in Khaya, while secondary wall formation and lignification lasted days to weeks. Cell enlargement of vessels and ray parenchyma was significantly faster than radial enlargement of fibres and axial parenchyma. The processes of formation of the secondary cell wall and the lignification were slower in fibres than in vessels and parenchyma cells. In Swietenia new secondary cell formation was induced in distinct growth periods almost simultaneously in the whole shoot, while in Khaya new cell formation was restricted to parts of the shoot. Growth stresses in the shoot were studied in terms of released strain. Higher growth stresses were observed in the shoot of Khaya compared to Swietenia. The results indicate that the higher growth stresses in the xylem of Khaya compared to Swietenia originate in the different kinetics of cell development of different cell types in combination with the heterogenous sequence of cell formation within the shoot.
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long term trends in cellulose δ13 c and water use efficiency of tropical cedrela and Swietenia from brazil
Tree Physiology, 2005Co-Authors: Peter Hietz, Wolfgang Wanek, Oliver DünischAbstract:Elevated CO(2) concentrations ([CO(2)]) affect plant water relations and photosynthesis, and the increase in atmospheric [CO(2)] over the past 100-200 years has been related to changes in stomatal density and the carbon isotope ratio (delta(13)C) in tree rings and leaves from herbarium specimens. Because many tropical trees do not produce annual growth rings and their wood is therefore difficult to date, no trends in delta(13)C of tropical trees have been reported. Wood from Cedrela odorata L. (tropical cedar) and Swietenia macrophylla King (bigleaf mahogany), which do produce annual rings, was collected from a primary rain forest in Aripuana, Brazil (10 degrees 09' S, 59 degrees 26' W). We measured wood cellulose delta(13)C in 10-year growth increments from 37 Cedrela trees (between 11 and 151 years old in 2001) and 16 Swietenia trees (48-126 years old). A comparison of delta(13)C in cellulose of trees from different decades and of trees of different cambial ages showed that the amount of delta(13)C was largely related to the decade the wood was produced in, and not, or only to a minor extent, to tree age. Cellulose delta(13)C decreased from -26.0 to -27.3 per thousand in Cedrela and from -25.7 to -27.1 per thousand in Swietenia, with the largest changes occurring during the past 50 years. Based on these data and the trends in atmospheric [CO(2)] and delta(13)CO(2), we calculated that the internal [CO(2)] increased from about 220 to 260 ppm and that intrinsic water-use efficiency increased by 34% in Cedrela and by 52% in Swietenia. This may have implications for the water cycle and may explain the trend toward increased tree growth and turnover observed in some tropical forests.
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Dendroecological investigations on Swietenia macrophylla King and Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae) in the central Amazon
Trees, 2003Co-Authors: Oliver Dünisch, Valdinez Ribeiro Montóia, J. BauchAbstract:The width of the increment zones in the xylem of Swietenia macrophylla King and Cedrela odorata L. was investigated by dendroecological methods in a primary forest near Aripuana, Mato Grosso, Brazil (10°09′S, 59°26′W). The annual period of cambial cell division and its intra-annual variation were determined by dendrometer measurements of 30 trees of each species. Tree-ring width chronologies for Swietenia and Cedrela were developed from cross-dated increment curves of 33 out of 47 Swietenia and 51 out of 64 Cedrela trees. Simple correlations were computed between the radial growth increment and monthly precipitation for the period 1890–2000. In Swietenia, cambium activity occurred throughout almost the whole year, but in Cedrela it was restricted to the rainy period from September of the previous year to June of the current year. Tree-rings were formed annually in the juvenile and adult wood of Cedrela, while in Swietenia the annual formation of tree-rings was restricted to the adult wood. Consequently the age of the Swietenia trees could be dated by the tree-rings in good approximation, while age dating of the Cedrela trees was exact. Correlation analyses revealed a significant relationship between the precipitation at the beginning and at the end of the growth season and the width of the increment zones in the adult xylem of Swietenia. In contrast, the width of the growth increment in the xylem of Cedrela was significantly correlated with the precipitation in March and May of the previous growth period.
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FORMATION OF INCREMENT ZONES AND INTRAANNUAL GROWTH DYNAMICS IN THE XYLEM OF Swietenia MACROPHYLLA, CARAPA GUIANENSIS, AND CEDRELA ODORATA (MELIACEAE)
IAWA Journal, 2002Co-Authors: Oliver Dünisch, J. Bauch, Luadir GasparottoAbstract:The pattern of growth increment zones, the cambial growth dynamics and the structural variation in wood formation of Swietenia macrophylla King, Carapa guianensis Aubl., and Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae) were investigated in order to understand the relationship of site conditions and sustainable growth in Central Amazonian plantations. Trees were available from 8-, 17-, 23-, and 57-year-old plantations, and from primary forests in Manaus (Amazonia), Santarem (Para), and Aripuana (Mato Grosso). The wood anatomical structure and the annual increments of 61 Swietenia, 94 Carapa, and 89 Cedrela trees were studied for different tree heights. The curves of annual increments were cross-dated and tested for synchronisation. The cambial growth dynamics of up to 52 trees per species were dated by means of dendrometer measurements, monthly labelling by pinmarkers, and extracted cambium samples investigated using a microscope. The intraannual course of the growth and structural variation was compared with the water supply of the soil and insect attacks (Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) Lep.).In Swietenia and Carapa parenchyma and vessel bands as well as bands of resin canals were observed. Within the xylem of Cedrela, alternating bands of fibres and vessels surrounded by paratracheal parenchyma were found; bands of resin canals were only occasional. In the juvenile wood of Swietenia and Carapa no synchronization of the increment curves was possible, whereas the increment curves obtained in the juvenile wood of Cedrela showed parallel run in growth. The increment curves obtained in adult wood of Swietenia and Cedrela indicate an annual formation of increment zones, whereas the number of increment zones in the xylem of Carapa was approximately 50% higher than the tree age (years) indicating that the growth increments of Carapa also were not annual during the adult phase of growth.The study of the intraannual growth dynamics of the trees showed that the formation of parenchyma bands in Swietenia is induced by dry periods before a cambial dormancy. The formation of parenchyma bands of Carapa was induced by extremely dry and extremely wet periods before a cambial dormancy, whereas fibre bands in Cedrela were induced by dry periods before a cambial dormancy and the formation of vessel bands embedded in paratracheal parenchyma was induced by wet periods after a cambial dormancy. In addition, insect attack (Hypsipyla grandella) induced locally restricted formation of parenchyma bands and bands of resin canals in Swietenia, Carapa and Cedrela.
Anup Maiti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Swietenine, Big Leaf Mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla ) Seed Extract as a Hypoglycemic Agent
Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention, 2011Co-Authors: Saikat Dewanjee, Anup MaitiAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter presents a research approach to isolating a novel antidiabetic molecule from Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The seeds of Swietenia macrophylla have been reported to possess hypotensive, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor, and antibabesial activities. Petroleum ether extract of Swietenia macrophylla seeds has been reported to produce significant antidiarrheal activity and its aqueous extract has been reported to be effective against Plasmodium falciparum. The ethno-medicinal literature reveals that the Swietenia macrophylla seeds were used as a folk medicine in Indonesia for the treatment of diabetes. Preliminary pharmacological assay revealed that Swietenia macrophylla seeds possess significant hypoglycemic activity in experimental diabetic rats. Subsequent work was carried out to isolate the chemical constituent from seed, employing the bioassay-guided fractionation method. In vitro peripheral glucose utilization assay, using the isolated rat hemidiaphragm method, was employed to isolate lead from Swietenia macrophylla seeds. In vivo antidiabetic bioassay of swietenine revealed that it exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg p.o. Acute and subacute toxicity studies revealed that swietenine is non-toxic at its therapeutic dose in experimental animals.
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isolation of hypoglycemic phytoconstituent from Swietenia macrophylla seeds
Phytotherapy Research, 2009Co-Authors: Anup Maiti, Saikat Dewanjee, Ranabir SahuAbstract:The present study was undertaken to isolate a novel antidiabetic molecule from Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The hydroalcohol extract of Swietenia macrophylla seeds was subjected for bioassay guided isolation employing glucose utilization assay by the isolated rat hemi-diaphragm method in vitro. One tetranortriterpenoid, swietenine, isolated from the chloroform fraction exhibited significant (p<0.01) activity and the effect was comparable to that of human insulin (p<0.01).
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Isolation of hypoglycemic phytoconstituent from Swietenia macrophylla seeds.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2009Co-Authors: Anup Maiti, Saikat Dewanjee, Ranabir SahuAbstract:The present study was undertaken to isolate a novel antidiabetic molecule from Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The hydroalcohol extract of Swietenia macrophylla seeds was subjected for bioassay guided isolation employing glucose utilization assay by the isolated rat hemi-diaphragm method in vitro. One tetranortriterpenoid, swietenine, isolated from the chloroform fraction exhibited significant (p <
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Hypoglycemic effect of Swietenia macrophylla seeds against type II diabetes
International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2008Co-Authors: Anup Maiti, Saikat Dewanjee, Goutam Kumar Jana, Subhash C. MandalAbstract:Th e antidiabetic eff ect of Swietenia macrophylla seeds was evaluated in Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide induced type II diabetic rats. Methanol extract of Swietenia macrophylla seeds was administered orally at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight for 12 consecutive days. Fasting blood sugar (FBG) was estimated on overnight fasted rats on day 1, 5 and 12 days. Lipid profi les, liver glycogen levels and changes in body weight were also measured. Th e extract was found more eff ective at the dose of 300 mg/kg body weight and it lowered FBG levels was statistically signifi cant P < 0.01 (32.78%) in diabetic rats at day 12. Extract at the same dose also signifi cantly reduced P < 0.01 the elevated level of serum total cholesterol (18.56%) and triglyceride (10.41%), and increased P < 0.01 (46.27%) the reduced liver glycogen level. Th ough statistically non-signifi cant the extract at both the doses was found to improve the body weight of diabetic rats. Th e observation concludes that the methanol extract of seeds of Swietenia macrophylla has hypoglycemic as well as hypolipidemic eff ect. Key words: Swietenia macrophylla, Streptozotocin, Nicotinamide, type II diabetes
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In Vivo Evaluation of Antidiarrhoeal Activity of the Seed of Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae)
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2007Co-Authors: Anup Maiti, Saikat Dewanjee, Subhash C. MandalAbstract:Purpose: The seeds of Swietenia macrophylla are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea. Thus the petroleum ether extract of Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae) seeds was investigated for its anti-diarrhoeal property in Wister albino rats to substantiate folklore claim. Methods: Petroleum ether extract of the seeds of this plant, at graded doses (25, 50 & 100mg/kg body weight) was investigated for anti-diarrhoeal activity in term of reduction in the rate of defecation and consistency of faeces in castor oil induced diarrhoea. To understand the mechanism of its antidiarrhoeal activity, its effect was further evaluated on intestinal transit and castor oil induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling). Results: At various doses (25, 50 & 100mg/kg body weight) the extract showed a remarkable antidiarrhoeal activity evidenced by the reduction in the rate of defecation and consistency of faeces. Results are comparable to that of standard drug diphenoxylate (50mg/kg body weight). A single oral dose of Swietenia macrophylla extract of 100mg/kg body weight produced a significant decrease in the severity of diarrhoea. Extract produced profound decrease in intestinal transit (4.45 - 34.60%) also significantly inhibited castor oil induced enteropooling comparable to that of intraperitoneal injection of standard drug atropine sulphate at doses of 0.1 mg/kg body weight and 3 mg/kg body weight respectively. Conclusions: Experimental findings showed that petroleum ether extract of seeds of Swietenia macrophylla possess significant anti-diarrhoeal activity and may be a potent source of anti-diarrhoeal drug in future.
Marcelo Tavares De Castro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ocorrência da cochonilha Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em mudas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King).
EntomoBrasilis, 2019Co-Authors: Marcelo Tavares De Castro, Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Rose Gomes MonneratAbstract:Resumo. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) e relatada pela primeira vez associada ao mogno brasileiro, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestacoes deste pseudococcideo foram observadas sobre folhas e ramos de mudas do mogno cultivadas em casa de vegetacao, em Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil. O controle da cochonilha foi realizado manualmente e/ou com aplicacao de solucao de agua com detergente neutro a 10%. Occurrence of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mahogany seedlings ( Swietenia macrophylla King) Abstract. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is reported for the first time on brazilian mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestations of this Pseudococcidae were observed on leafs and branches of mahogany seedlings cultivated in a greenhouse, in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. The control of the mealybug was realized manually and/or with application of water solution with 10% of neutral detergent.
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Ocorrência da cochonilha Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em mudas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)
Entomologistas do Brasil, 2019Co-Authors: Marcelo Tavares De Castro, Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti, Rose Gomes MonneratAbstract:Resumo. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) é relatada pela primeira vez associada ao mogno brasileiro, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestações deste pseudococcídeo foram observadas sobre folhas e ramos de mudas do mogno cultivadas em casa de vegetação, em Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. O controle da cochonilha foi realizado manualmente e/ou com aplicação de solução de água com detergente neutro a 10%.Occurrence of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mahogany seedlings (Swietenia macrophylla King)Abstract. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is reported for the first time on brazilian mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Infestations of this Pseudococcidae were observed on leafs and branches of mahogany seedlings cultivated in a greenhouse, in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. The control of the mealybug was realized manually and/or with application of water solution with 10% of neutral detergent.
Rachel Mata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antihyperalgesic activity of a mexicanolide isolated from Swietenia humilis extract in nicotinamide streptozotocin hyperglycemic mice
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Berenice Ovallemagallanes, Myrna Decigacampos, Rachel MataAbstract:Swietenia humilis Zucc. (Meliaceae) seeds are used in Mexico for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mexicanolides are the main hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic compounds of the species. This study was conducted to investigate the antihyperalgesic effect of an aqueous extract of the seeds of Swietenia humilis (SHAE) and of mexicanolide 2-hydroxy-destigloyl-6-deoxyswietenine acetate (1), using the formalin test in mice. The antihyperalgesic actions of SHAE and mexicanolide 1, as well as its possible transductional activity, were assessed in nicotinamide-streptozotocin (NA-STZ) hyperglycemic mice. Local injection of SHAE (10-177μg) and mexicanolide 1 (0.5-3.5μg) exhibited concentration-dependent antihyperalgesic action in NA-STZ hyperglycemic mice. Ketanserin (6μg), a 5-HT2A/C receptor antagonist, and flumazenil (6μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, abolished the antihyperalgesic effect of mexicanolide 1 (3μg). On the other hand, naloxone (3μg), L-arginine (50μg), and Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (150μg) diminished the antihyperalgesic effect of mexicanolide 1. The aqueous extract of the seeds possesses significant antihyperalgesic action. Compound 1 produces antihyperalgesia through GABAA, 5-HT2A/C and opioid receptors. Also, the nitrergic system is involve in the antihyperalgesic effect of 1. Data obtained with Swietenia humilis Zucc. seeds give evidence of its potential for pain associated with diabetes treatment.
