Tropaeolum

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Hugh D. Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Martyn Rix - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Melânia Palermo Manfron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • traditional usages botany phytochemistry biological activity and toxicology of Tropaeolum majus l a review
    Latin American and Caribbean Bulletin of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2016
    Co-Authors: Juliana Calil Brondani, Camila Helena Ferreira Cuelho, Lucas Damo Marangoni, Rachel De Lima, Camille Gaube Guex, Iuri De Franca Bonilha, Melânia Palermo Manfron
    Abstract:

    Tropaeolum majus presenta valor medicinal, alimenticio y ornamental. A partir del extracto y las fracciones de la planta se han encontrado actividades biologicas, que incluyen efecto diuretico, antihipertensivo, anti-inflamatorio, antimicrobiano y antioxidante. Ademas, efectos protectores sobre la sangre y el higado, tratamiento del escorbuto, actividad antitrombina y prevencion contra la degeneracion macular. T. majus contiene compuestos biologicamente activos como flavonoides, glucosilonates, acidos grasos, aceite esencial, acido clorogenico, aminoacidos, cucurbitacinas, proteinas y carotenoides. Estudios de toxicidad aguda y subcronica demostraron una falta de efectos toxicologicos, pero los extractos de esta planta pueden tener consecuencias perjudiciales durante el embarazo. Las bases de datos revisadas fueron SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect y Portal da Capes, teniendo en cuenta los estudios entre 1963 y 2014 y mediante la busqueda de terminos como Tropaeolum majus, Tropaeolaceae, Tropaeolum majus constituyentes, Tropaeolum majus usos y Tropaeolum majus toxicidad

  • acao acaricida in vitro de Tropaeolum majus sob teleoginas de rhipicephalus boophilus microplus
    Ciencia Rural, 2010
    Co-Authors: Felipe Lamberti Pivoto, Melânia Palermo Manfron, Gilberto Dolejal Zanetti, Andreia Buzatti, Felipe Da Silva Krawczak, Giovana Camillo, Luis Antonio Sangioni, Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro acaricide effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Tropaeolum majus on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus engorged females. Extracts from the aerial parts (stems and leaves) and from the flowers were tested at a final concentration of 2%. The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus engorged females were collected in farms in two municipalities (Sao Francisco de Assis and Sao Pedro do Sul), in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. An efficacy of 99,1% was found using extract of aerial parts in ethanol at 70%. This is the first report of acaricidal effect of Tropaeolum majus.

  • analise morfo anatomica de Tropaeolum majus l tropaeolaceae
    Iheringia Serie Botanica, 2004
    Co-Authors: Gilberto Dolejal Zanetti, Melânia Palermo Manfron, Solange C S M Hoelzel
    Abstract:

    Morphoanatomical arameters of Tropaeolum majus L were determined aiming at its diagnosis as a pharmaceutical drug, for it is a plant of recognized antimicrobial action. The shape orbicular-peltate shape of the leaves, the actinodroma venation, the xerophytic type of the stomata, the vascular sheaves with sclerenchyma, medullar parenchyma with primary spot fields and the presence of oil and thiocyanates glycosides in the parenchymatic formations are significant characteristics in the quality control of the species to the pharmaceutical industry.

  • toxicidade aguda e atividade antibacteriana dos extratos de Tropaeolum majus l
    Acta farmacéutica bonaerense, 2003
    Co-Authors: Gilberto Dolejal Zanetti, Melânia Palermo Manfron, Solange C S M Hoelzel, Ademir F Morel, Vera Pereira Pagliarin
    Abstract:

    RESUMO. Foi determinada a toxicidade aguda via oral e a acao antibacteriana por bioautografia, frente a bacterias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas, de extratos de Tropaeolum majus L., planta reconhecida como medicinal. Nao foram observados sinais de toxicidade do extrato aquoso e etanolico 70%. As fracoes hexânica e cloroformica do extrato etanolico 70%, apresentaram atividade contra os microrganismos testados. SUMMARY. “Acute Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Tropaeolum majus L. Extracts”. It was determined the oral acute toxicity and the antibacterial activity by bioautoghaphy against Gram (+) and Gram (–) bacteria of the extracts of Tropaeolum majus L., plant recognized as medicinal. No toxic effects were observed after oral administration of the aqueous and ethanolic 70% extracts. The hexanic and chloroform fractions of the ethanolic extract 70% showed activity against the tested microorganisms.

Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protective cardiorenal effects of Tropaeolum majus l in rats with renovascular hypertension
    Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2017
    Co-Authors: Arquimedes Gasparotto, Thiago Bruno Lima Prando, Karimi Sater Gebara, Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Livero, Denis Pires De Lima, Roberto Da Silva Gomes, Francielly Mourão Gasparotto, Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
    Abstract:

    Background: Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae) is an important medicinal plant belonging to the Tropaeolaceae family, which has 80 species distributed in South and Central America. In Brazil, it is distributed practically throughout the entire territory and it is popularly known as “capuchinha”. In folk medicine its leaves are widely used for treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Despite consistent data showing some acute effects on renal and cardiovascular system, no study has investigated whether Tropaeolum majus extracts is able to exert cardiorenal protective effects after 30 days of treatment, i.e. in a sustained manner. Objective: Investigate the prolonged cardiorenal protective effects of ethanolic extract obtained from Tropaeolum majus (EETM) in rats with renovascular hypertension. Material and Methods: First, EETM was obtained and chemically characterized. Then, we investigated the possible antihypertensive and diuretics effects, including effects on renal haemodynamics, after prolonged treatment (30 days) with EETM (3, 30 and 300 mg/kg). Finally, we examined whether treatment with EETM may affect the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and oxidative stress, preventing heart and kidney damage in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Results: Prolonged treatment with EETM was able to prevent the evolution of renovascular hypertension in 2K1C rats, inducing important renoprotective effects and reducing systemic blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy. Moreover, it was also identified that these effects may be directly related to significant ACE inhibitory activity and reduction of oxidative stress. Conclusion: This study has brought new scientific evidence of preclinical efficacy of EETM as a cardiorenal protective agent in rats with renovascular hypertension. Key words: Antihypertensive, Cardioprotective, Diuretic, Renoprotective, Tropaeolum majus L.

  • Safety Assessment and Botanical Standardization of an Edible Species from South America.
    Journal of Medicinal Food, 2017
    Co-Authors: Giseli Karenina Traesel, Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Livero, Camila Dias Machado, Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni, Jacqueline Vergutz Menetrier, Silvia Aparecida Oesterreich, Jane Manfron Budel, Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço, Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
    Abstract:

    Abstract Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae), commonly known as nasturtium, is an important edible plant native to the Andean States and widely disseminated throughout South America. Despite the use of this species is quite widespread, there are no minimum quality control standards or data on its genotoxicity. So, the aim of this study was to present a detailed anatomical and histochemical study for Tropaeolum majus and provide genotoxicity parameters of a preparation routinely used in South American countries. First, three different Tropaeolum majus aqueous extracts (TMAEs) at concentrations of 1.5%, 7%, and 15% were prepared according to the popular use. Then, genetic toxicity of TMAE was evaluated on bacterial reverse mutation, genomic lesions, and micronucleus formation in male rats. Furthermore, a detailed anatomical and histochemical study of the leaves and stems of Tropaeolum majus were performed. No revertant colonies were found in any bacterial cultures examined. In the comet assay, TMAE showed n...

  • mechanisms underlying the diuretic effects of Tropaeolum majus l extracts and its main component isoquercitrin
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Arquimedes Gasparotto, Jose Eduardo Da Silvasantos, Thiago Bruno Lima Prando, Thiago Dos Santos Vilhena Leme, Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço, Francielly Mourão Gasparotto, Yanna D Rattmann, Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya, Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques
    Abstract:

    ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Previous studies have shown that the extracts obtained from Tropaeolum majus L., and its main compound isoquercitrin (ISQ), exhibit pronounced diuretic effects, supporting the ethnopharmacological use of this plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and mechanisms underlying the diuretic action of an ethanolic extract of Tropaeolum majus (HETM), its purified fraction (TMLR), and its main compound ISQ, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The diuretic effects of HETM (300mg/kg; p.o.), TMLR (100mg/kg; p.o.), and ISQ (10mg/kg; p.o.), were compared with classical diuretics in 7days repeated-dose treatment. The urinary volume, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, conductivity, pH and density were estimated in the sample collected for 15h. The plasmatic concentration of sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, aldosterone, vasopressin, nitrite and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity were measured in samples collected at the end of the experiment (seventh day). Using pharmacological antagonists or inhibitors, we determine the involvement of bradykinin, prostaglandin and nitric oxide (NO) in ISQ-induced diuresis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of erythrocytary carbonic anhydrase and renal Na(+)/K(+)/ATPase were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS: HETM, TMLR and ISQ increased diuresis similarly to spironolactone and also presented K(+)-sparing effects. All groups presented both plasmatic aldosterone levels and ACE activity reduced. Previous treatment with HOE-140 (a B2-bradykinin receptor antagonist), or indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor), or L-NAME (a NO synthase inhibitor), fully avoided the diuretic effect of ISQ. In addition, the 7days treatment with ISQ resulted in increased plasmatic levels of nitrite and reducing ROS production. Moreover, the renal Na(+)/K(+)/ATPase activity was significantly decreased by ISQ. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the mechanisms through ISQ and extracts of Tropaeolum majus increase diuresis in SHR rats are mainly related to ACE inhibition, increased bioavailability of bradykinin, PGI2, and nitric oxide, besides an inhibitory effect on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase.

  • screening for in vivo anti estrogenic and anti androgenic activities of Tropaeolum majus l and its effect on uterine contractility
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço, Arquimedes Gasparotto, Caroline Gomes, Ana Carolina Lourenco, Bruna Minatovicz, Sandra Crestani, Anderson Joel Martinoandrade, Juliane Centeno Muller, Ana Claudia Boareto, Paulo Roberto Dalsenter
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae) is a medicinal herb popularly used in Brazil for treatment of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Despite some published data on its efficacy, there are still few toxicological data describing the safety of this plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the (anti)estrogenic and (anti)androgenic activity of the hydroethanolic extract obtained from Tropaeolum majus L. (HETM), as well as its possible effects on uterine contractility. Materials and methods Three experimental protocols were performed, (a) uterotrophic assay, (b) Hershberger assay and (c) an ex vivo test to investigate the effects of maternal administration of HETM on uterine contractility at the end of pregnancy. In all protocols three doses of the HETM were administered to Wistar rats: 3, 30 and 300 mg/kg. Results In vivo tests for detection of (anti)androgenic and (anti)estrogenic activities did not show any significant alterations. Similarly, no alterations were observed on uterine contractility induced by oxytocin and arachidonic acid. Conclusions HETM was unable to produce (anti)estrogenic or (anti)androgenic activities in the short-term in vivo screening assays performed. In addition, there was no evidence that HETM can affect uterine contractility following gestational exposure of rats.

  • natriuretic and diuretic effects of Tropaeolum majus tropaeolaceae in rats
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Arquimedes Gasparotto, Marcos Aurelio Boffo, Maria Elida Alves Stefanello, Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço, Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya, Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques
    Abstract:

    Abstract Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae), popularly known as “chaguinha”, is well recognized in Brazilian traditional medicine as diuretic agent, although no scientific data have been published to support this effect. Aim of the study To evaluate the diuretic activity of the infusion and the hydroethanolic extract (HETM) of Tropaeolum majus , and possible mechanism of action. Material and methods The infusions (2,5 – 10%) and the HETM doses (150, 300 mg/kg) were orally administered to rats. Urinary excretion, the electrolytes levels, and urea and creatinine were measured in of saline-loaded rats. Results The oral administration of 10% (corresponding to 500 mg/kg) of the infusion increased significantly the urinary Na + excretion. Only the oral administration of 300 mg/kg of HETM increased significantly the urinary and Na + excretion. Prolonged administration of the HETM (300 mg/kg) significantly increased diuresis and the urinary excretion of Na + , but others parameters were unaffected. To gain some evidence in possible involvement of prostaglandins system in diuretic action, the oral administration of HETM (300  mg/kg) in association indomethacin (5 mg/kg) reduced the urinary and sodium excretion when compared only HETM group. Conclusion The results suggest that HETM could present compound(s) responsible for diuretic activities with no signs of toxicity, and the mechanism could involve prostaglandin system.

Dirk Selmar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Influence of feed supplementation with Tropaeolum majus L. on growth performance and urine isothiocyanate concentration of piglets
    2009
    Co-Authors: Elke Bloem, Dirk Selmar, Andreas Berk, Silvia Haneklaus, Ewald Schnug
    Abstract:

    Tropaeolum majus L. is a herb with antimicrobial activity in humans, caused by the degradation product benzyl-isothiocyanate derived from enzymatic cleavage of glucotropaeolin. Piglets were fed diets with a graded supplementation of Tropaeolum majus for five weeks. Tropaeolum majus was supplemented at an upper dosage level of 1 g/kg with the feed, equaling 48.7 mg/kg glucotropaeolin, which resulted in a benzyl-isothiocyanate concentration in the urine of up to 2.4 mg/L, which is high enough to control a broad range of bacteria. On average 3.1 - 7.3% of the glucotropaeolin taken up by the animals was excreted as bioactive benzyl-isothiocyanate. Supplementation of the feed with Tropaeolum majus had no effect on growth performance of piglets.

  • The glucosinolate-myrosinase system in nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.): variability of biochemical parameters and screening for clones feasible for pharmaceutical utilization.
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Maik Kleinwachter, Ewald Schnug, Dirk Selmar
    Abstract:

    Leaves of Tropaeolum majus L. contain high amounts of the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin. They are used in traditional medicine to treat infections of the urinary tract. When Tropaeolum leaves are consumed, glucotropaeolin is hydrolyzed to yield mustard oils, which are absorbed in the intestine and excreted in the urine, exhibiting their antimicrobial activity. For a corresponding phytopharmacon, a sufficiently high glucotropaeolin concentration is required and any degradation of glucosinolates while drying must be minimized, i.e. the post mortal cleavage by myrosinases, which are activated by ascorbic acid. In extensive screenings, the dominant parameters determining the glucotropaeolin content in the dried leaves were quantified. It turned out that the glucotropaeolin concentration in the dried leaves represented the most suitable screening parameter. The screening of several hundred Tropaeolum plants resulted in the selection of eight high-yield varieties, from which in vitro plants had been generated and propagated as a source for large field trials.

  • the glucosinolate myrosinase system in nasturtium Tropaeolum majus l variability of biochemical parameters and screening for clones feasible for pharmaceutical utilization
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Maik Kleinwachter, Ewald Schnug, Dirk Selmar
    Abstract:

    Leaves of Tropaeolum majus L. contain high amounts of the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin. They are used in traditional medicine to treat infections of the urinary tract. When Tropaeolum leaves are consumed, glucotropaeolin is hydrolyzed to yield mustard oils, which are absorbed in the intestine and excreted in the urine, exhibiting their antimicrobial activity. For a corresponding phytopharmacon, a sufficiently high glucotropaeolin concentration is required and any degradation of glucosinolates while drying must be minimized, i.e. the post mortal cleavage by myrosinases, which are activated by ascorbic acid. In extensive screenings, the dominant parameters determining the glucotropaeolin content in the dried leaves were quantified. It turned out that the glucotropaeolin concentration in the dried leaves represented the most suitable screening parameter. The screening of several hundred Tropaeolum plants resulted in the selection of eight high-yield varieties, from which in vitro plants had been generated a...

  • Experimental field cultivation of in vitro propagated high-yield varieties of Tropaeolum majus L
    Journal of applied botany and food quality, 2008
    Co-Authors: Maik Kleinwachter, Ewald Schnug, Imke Hutter, Carolin Schneider, Dirk Selmar
    Abstract:

    About 10,000 mass propagated clonal progenies of the medicinal plant Tropaeolum majus L. had been cultivated in an experimental field trial to analyze the large scale cultivation of nasturtium-plants for pharmaceutical utilization. The glucotropaeolin contents of the eight Tropaeolum -clones, which had been established and propagated by in vitro -culture techniques, had been monitored and compared with unselected plants from commercial seed mixtures ( sm -plants). Whereas the intra-clonal variation of the glucosinolate levels was significantly lower than the variability of the sm-plants, the glucotropaeolin content in the clonal progenies was markedly lower than in both, in the clonal mother plants as well as in the sm -plants. The proposed explanation for this phenomenon is based on the fact that the genetically identical cloned plants reveal only a very narrow phenotypical amplitude, which accordingly resulted in designated glucosinolate levels due to the certain environmental situations. However, under changing conditions, the corresponding glucotropaeolin content might be much lower. In contrast, the sm -plants reveal – due to the strong genetic heterogeneity – a much broader phenotypical amplitude of their physiological characteristics. Consequently, under changing growth conditions various individual plants may accumulate high amounts of glucotropaeolin. These coherences explain both, firstly, the finding that the clonal mother plants revealed very high glucotropaeolin levels under the certain – maybe spatial limited cultivation conditions – whereas their progenies accumulate far less glucosinolates; and secondly, that the average content in the sm-plants is higher than the mean content of the clonal progenies. These data suggest that the much cheaper growing of nasturtium plants from seeds should be favoured over the more sophisticated in vitro -propagation techniques. Anyhow, for industrial farming there is one great advantage for the usage of in vitro generated Tropaeolum plants: the selected, high glucosinolate -nasturtium clones all reveal a compact growth with short tendrils. Therefore, the mechanical harvest of the corresponding clonal progenies, is quite unproblematic in comparison to the difficile harvest of sm -plants, most exhibiting tendrils of several meters.

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