Allium ampeloprasum

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Jose Paz Parente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • structural characterization and gastroprotective property of a novel glucofructan from Allium ampeloprasum var porrum
    Carbohydrate Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: Camila Adao Malafaia, Bernadete Pereira Da Silva, Luzineide W Tinoco, Jose Paz Parente
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new polysaccharide with an estimated weight-average molar mass of 2.6 × 10 3 was isolated from Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum by hot water extraction, and purified by Sephacryl S-300 HR high-resolution chromatography. It was composed of d -fructose and d -glucose in 10:6 molar ratio, respectively. The structure of the glucofructan was investigated by chemical and spectroscopic methods, including methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS). The results permitted the structure of the glucofructan to be written as α- d -Glc p -(1→1)-β- d -Fru f -(2→1)-{[α- d -Glc p -(1→6)-β- d -Fru f -(2→6)]-β- d -Fru f -(2→1)} 4 -β- d -Fru f -(2↔1)-α- d -Glc p . Results of the present study indicated that this new glucofructan exhibited significant gastroprotective property, using in vivo experimental models.

  • Haemolytic Activity and Immunological Adjuvant Effect of a New Steroidal Saponin from Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum
    Chemistry & biodiversity, 2012
    Co-Authors: Camila Rodrigues Adão, Bernadete Pereira Da Silva, Luzineide W Tinoco, Jose Paz Parente
    Abstract:

    A new steroidal saponin was isolated from the bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum L. var. porrum. On the basis of chemical evidence, comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, and comparison with known compounds, its structure was established as (3β,5α,6β,25R)-3-{(O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy}-6-hydroxyspirostan-2-one (1). Results of the present study indicated that 1 exhibited haemolytic activity in the in vitro assays, and immunological adjuvant activity on the cellular immune response against ovalbumin antigen.

  • A new steroidal saponin with antiinflammatory and antiulcerogenic properties from the bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum
    Fitoterapia, 2011
    Co-Authors: Camila Rodrigues Adão, Bernadete Pereira Da Silva, Jose Paz Parente
    Abstract:

    A new steroidal saponin was isolated from the bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum L. On the basis of chemical evidence, comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison of known compounds, its structure was established as (3β,5α,6β,25R)-6-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-spirostan-3-yl O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (1). Results of the present study indicated that the steroidal saponin showed haemolytic effects in the in vitro assays and demonstrated antiinflammatory activity and gastroprotective property using in vivo models.

  • A new steroidal saponin from Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum with antiinflammatory and gastroprotective effects
    Phytochemistry Letters, 2011
    Co-Authors: Camila Rodrigues Adão, Bernadete Pereira Da Silva, Jose Paz Parente
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new steroidal saponin was isolated from the bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum . On the basis of chemical conversions and detailed analyses of 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra including 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, its structure was established as 3-[( O - β - d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)- β - d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- O -[ O - β - d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]- O - β - d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)- β - d -galactopyranosyl)oxy]-2,6-dihydroxy-(2 α ,3 β ,5 α ,6 β ,25 R )-spirostane. Results of the present study indicated that the steroidal saponin showed haemolytic effects in the in vitro assays and demonstrated antiinflammatory activity and gastroprotective property using in vivo models.

Silvia I. Rondon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of resistance to onion thrips thrips tabaci lind in several tareh irani persian leek Allium ampeloprasum tareh group landraces
    Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 2014
    Co-Authors: Morteza Akhtari, Farshad Dashti, Hossein Madadi, Silvia I. Rondon
    Abstract:

    Thrips tabaci Lind. is an important pest of Alliacea crops, such as Tareh Irani or Persian leek (Allium ampeloprasum Tareh group). This is a native leafy vegetable grown in the most regions of Iran. This study has been done to estimate the amount of resistance to thrips, in 14 Tareh Irani landraces. Damage factors and some morphological traits, including divergence angle of the plant’s innermost leaves, leaf thickness, sheath length, quantity of leaf wax and also amounts of some metabolites including water-soluble carbohydrates, total phenols and pungency were measured. The results showed significant difference between landraces for thrips resistance (p < 0.05). Principal component analysis elucidated the influence of measured traits on resistance potential to onion thrips, whilst cluster analysis classified Tareh Irani landraces into three groups: resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible. There was negative significant correlation between divergence angle of the innermost leaves and total phenols wi...

  • Evaluation of resistance to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) in several Tareh Irani (Persian leek: Allium ampeloprasum Tareh group) landraces
    Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2013
    Co-Authors: Morteza Akhtari, Farshad Dashti, Hossein Madadi, Silvia I. Rondon
    Abstract:

    Thrips tabaci Lind. is an important pest of Alliacea crops, such as Tareh Irani or Persian leek (Allium ampeloprasum Tareh group). This is a native leafy vegetable grown in the most regions of Iran. This study has been done to estimate the amount of resistance to thrips, in 14 Tareh Irani landraces. Damage factors and some morphological traits, including divergence angle of the plant’s innermost leaves, leaf thickness, sheath length, quantity of leaf wax and also amounts of some metabolites including water-soluble carbohydrates, total phenols and pungency were measured. The results showed significant difference between landraces for thrips resistance (p 

Evert Jacobsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Plant regeneration via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.)
    Euphytica, 1996
    Co-Authors: B.c.h.j. Silvertand, A.m. Van Harten, P. Lavrijsen, A. Van Rooyen, Evert Jacobsen
    Abstract:

    A high frequency plant regeneration system via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis was established with callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of different leek genotypes (Allium ampeloprasum L.). Four different callus types with varying morphogenetic potential were obtained. Relatively high concentrations of the auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid reduced callus weight and subsequent shoot regeneration and primordia formation of the callus. Shoot regeneration and primordia formation of the callus decreased after prolonged subculture on media containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid. A callus growth period of six weeks on Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.25–0.5 mg l-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid showed the highest rate of shoot regeneration after transfer of callus to regeneration medium with 1 mg l-1 kinetin.

  • Plant regeneration via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.)
    Euphytica, 1996
    Co-Authors: B.c.h.j. Silvertand, P. Lavrijsen, A. Rooyen, A. M. Harten, Evert Jacobsen
    Abstract:

    A high frequency plant regeneration system via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis was established with callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of different leek genotypes ( Allium ampeloprasum L.). Four different callus types with varying morphogenetic potential were obtained. Relatively high concentrations of the auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid reduced callus weight and subsequent shoot regeneration and primordia formation of the callus. Shoot regeneration and primordia formation of the callus decreased after prolonged subculture on media containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid. A callus growth period of six weeks on Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.25–0.5 mg l^-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid showed the highest rate of shoot regeneration after transfer of callus to regeneration medium with 1 mg l^-1 kinetin. Differences between leek genotypes in callus type, callus weight, shoot regeneration and primordia formation were observed. Histological observations showed that plant regeneration took place, both via the pathway of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis.

  • Efficient in vitro regeneration of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) via flower stalk segments
    Plant Cell Reports, 1995
    Co-Authors: B.c.h.j. Silvertand, Evert Jacobsen, J. Mazereeuw, P. Lavrijsen, A. Harten
    Abstract:

    A new simple, efficient and rapid in vitro method for mass clonal propagation of leek ( Allium ampeloprasum L.) plants, using small (5 mm) flower stalk (peduncle) explants, was established. Adventitious shoots were produced from single subepidermal cells. A wide variation in the percentage of regenerating explants and number of regenerated shoots per explant between individual plants within one cultivar was observed. The concentration of the growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine and α-naphthalene-acetic acid influenced the percentage of regenerating explants and the average number of regenerated shoots per explant. A combination of 10 mg.l^−1 6-benzylaminopurine and 10 mg.l^−1 α-naphthalene-acetic acid, resulted in a maximum percentage of regenerating explants and a high average number of regenerated shoots per explant. The percentage of regenerating explants and the average number of regenerated shoots per explant decreased with increasing flower stalk length (age). The basal explants gave both the highest percentage of regenerating explants and average number of regenerated shoots per explant. An average of 300 shoots per flower stalk was obtained for all plants, making this new in vitro method a powerful tool in hybrid leek breeding.

  • Genetic variation and control of plant regeneration in leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.)
    Plant Breeding, 1995
    Co-Authors: B.c.h.j. Silvertand, Evert Jacobsen, A.m. Van Harten
    Abstract:

    Zygotic embryos of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) were isolated from mature seeds of different cultivars, selfings and full-sib families. The embryos were cultured on callus induction and shoot regeneration medium and employed to study several parameters: percentage of embryos forming calluses, percentage of embryos forming compact calluses, callus weight, percentage of regenerating calluses, numbers of shoot primordia and numbers of regenerated shoots. Differences between cultivars and selfings were found for most parameters studied. For all cultivars all parameters, except callus weight, decreased after one generation of selfing. Compact callus types enhanced primordia formation and shoot regeneration. Genetic characteristics of callus development and plant regeneration were studied in a 4 × 4 diallel cross. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between full-sib families. The diallel analysis showed that additive gene effects were significant for all parameters. The predominance of additive gene effects indicated high narrow-sense heritability. Breeding for an increased number of regenerated shoots was successful.

  • Development of a cyclic somatic embryogenesis regeneration system for leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) using zygotic embryos
    Plant Cell Reports, 1995
    Co-Authors: C. M. Schavemaker, Evert Jacobsen
    Abstract:

    In leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) a cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis was developed. Somatic embryos used for cyclic embryogenesis were able to develop the same type of embryogenic callus as zygotic embryos in the primary cycle. For the first time a comparison of the efficiencies of both expiants was made. Ten families were investigated for somatic embryogenesis. There was a genetic relationship with respect to somatic embryo production between the reciprocal crosses. From each family one genotype was selected for investigating cyclic somatic embryogenesis. Different levels of somatic embryo production were found between the expiants of zygotic and somatic embryos. The two best genotypes, 92.001-03 and 92.002-33 produced twice as many somatic embryos as the overall average. On average, 56% of the somatic embryos finally developed into greenhouse plantlets.

Javier Tardío - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutrients, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in wild populations of Allium ampeloprasum L., a valuable underutilized vegetable
    Food Research International, 2014
    Co-Authors: Patricia García-herrera, Patricia Morales, Virginia Fernández-ruiz, M.c. Sánchez-mata, Montaña Cámara, Ana Maria Carvalho, Isabel C.f.r. Ferreira, Manuel Pardo-de-santayana, María Molina, Javier Tardío
    Abstract:

    Abstract Wild Allium species with a long tradition of use, such as Allium ampeloprasum L. could provide interesting bioactive compounds to current diet. The nutrient and bioactive compound content of this wild vegetable has been scarcely known. Therefore, the aim of this work is to provide a detailed chemical quantification of nutrients, hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of the edible parts of wild leek, as well as data about plant production and availability of the species in their natural habitats. Wild leek can be considered as a low energy food, being a good source of fiber and zinc, compared to its cultivated relatives, and has revealed a predominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid being the main fatty acid. Additionally, the natural yield of this species, although lower than other cultivated Allium species, was found to be stable and well-adapted to human-disturbed environments. For these reasons, this non-conventional wild bulb should be revalorized as a good alternative to increase the diversity of vegetables consumed and enhance the quality of current occidental diets.

L.w.d. Van Raamsdonk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.