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  • adaptation of the developmental process of Anaphes victus hymenoptera mymaridae to local climatic conditions across north america
    Annals of The Entomological Society of America, 2006
    Co-Authors: Lancine Traore, Jeanguy Pilon, Francois Fournier, Guy Boivin
    Abstract:

    Abstract Anaphes victus Huber (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of weevils (Curculionidae), has a North American distribution and displays genetic variability among populations from different locations. Local adaptation to temperature was compared among three A. victus ecotypes originating from different latitudes: Texas, Michigan, and Quebec. Development occurred between 11.5 and 34.0°C for all ecotypes and was accurately described by sigmoid curves. Some adaptations of A. victus to local climatic conditions were found, because the Texas ecotype had a higher developmental rate at the temperature of maximal developmental rate (Tm) than both northern temperate ecotypes and it developed faster at high temperatures. In contrast, the ecotypes from Michigan and Quebec displayed faster developmental rates at low temperatures. In contrast to the Texas ecotype, both northern ecotypes have Tm values above the average maximum temperatures of their original habitat. These results are discussed in the conte...

  • comparison of antennal sensilla of Anaphes victus and a listronoti hymenoptera mymaridae egg parasitoids of curculionidae
    Zoomorphology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Joan Van Baaren, Le J Lannic, Guy Boivin, J. P. Nénon
    Abstract:

    Antennal sensilla were compared in females and males of two sympatric mymarid Hymenoptera, Anaphes victus and A. listronoti which are, respectively, solitary and gregarious parasitoids of eggs of the carrot weevil Listronotus oregonensis (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Both species are morphologically very similar in the area where they are sympatric. The external morphology of the sensilla was studied using scanning electron microscopy. Female antennae have seven different types of sensilla, morphologically similar in the two species: trichoid sensilla, which are putative mechanosensilla, sensilla chaetica types 1, 3 and 4, which are presumably contact chemosensilla, and sensilla chaetica type 2 and basiconic and placoid sensilla, which are presumed to be olfactory sensilla. The major difference between the two species is the number of sensilla chaetica type 4, of which 6–9 are found on the antennal club in A. victus, while 10–12 are present in A. listronoti. The antennae of the males of both species are similar in morphology and in the number and distribution of their four types of sensilla, i.e. trichoid sensilla, sensilla chaetica type 1 and basiconic and placoid sensilla.

  • the male and female first instar larvae of Anaphes victus and a listronoti hymenoptera mymaridae
    Zoomorphology, 1997
    Co-Authors: J Van Baaren, Le J Lannic, Guy Boivin, J. P. Nénon
    Abstract:

    Anaphes victus and A. listronoti are two closely related species, respectively solitary and gregarious parasitoids of eggs of the carrot weevil Listronotus oregonensis (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Both species are sympatric, and the regulation of super- and multiparasitism that occurs regularly in this host is done by larval fights between the mymariform first instar larvae. The morphology of both male and female first instar larvae of A. victus and A. listronoti is described using scanning electron microscopy. Both species have first instar larvae of the mymariform type and present sexual dimorphism. The main difference between the two species is that larvae of A. victus are clearly segmented while larvae of A. listronoti show no visible segmentation. Male larvae of both species have two types of perioral hooks, longer and less dense dorsal setae than females and developed undertail spines. Female larvae of both species have short abdominal setae. These morphological differences are discussed in the context of intra- and interspecific larval competition.

  • description of three new Anaphes species hymenoptera mymaridae egg parasitoids of the carrot weevil listronotus oregonensis leconte coleoptera curculionidae and redescription of Anaphes sordidatus girault
    Canadian Entomologist, 1997
    Co-Authors: John T Huber, Sylvain Cote, Guy Boivin
    Abstract:

    Three new mymarid egg parasitoids of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are described: Anaphes cotei Huber from Nova Scotia; Anaphes listronoti Huber from Quebec; and Anaphes victus Huber from Quebec, Michigan, and Texas. A key to the species is given. Anaphes sorditatus (Girault), with which at least one of the new species was previously confused, is redescribed. Although listronoti and sorditatus cannot presently be distinguished morphologically, they are biologically distinct and have different hosts. Crosses between male sordidatus and female victus yielded female offspring in 27% of the tests but none in the reciprocal crosses. The corresponding control crosses resulted in 90 and 30% female offspring. Mating did not occur in attempts to cross sordidatus with listronoti. On three occasions an unidentified species of Anagrus was reared from field-collected carrot weevil eggs. This represents the first report of an Anagrus species from Curculionidae.

  • seasonal ecology and geographical distribution of Anaphes listronoti and a victus hymenoptera mymaridae egg parasitoids of the carrot weevil coleoptera curculionidae in central ontario
    Environmental Entomology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Daniel Cormier, A B Stevenson, Guy Boivin
    Abstract:

    Field surveys were conducted during 3 yr in the Holland Marsh and district marshes to evaluate egg parasitism of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte). Anaphes listronoti Huber was the dominant species in Ontario and was widely distributed in the sampled area. In commercial fields, up to 33% of the carrot weevil eggs were parasitized by Anaphes spp. In an untreated plot, parasitism averaged 68% and reached 94% in high density of carrot weevil eggs. Spring emergence of the parasitoids occurred from the end of April to mid-May, at which time the carrot weevil had begun its oviposition period in wild plants. Parasitoids had to complete between 1.6 and 2.3 generations outside the carrot fields before the appearance of carrot weevil eggs in plants. Parasitized eggs were observed in carrot fields from the beginning of the carrot weevil oviposition until September.

Manuela Branco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • assessing the competitive interactions between two egg parasitoids of the eucalyptus snout beetle gonipterus platensis and their implications for biological control
    Biological Control, 2019
    Co-Authors: Carlos Valente, Catarina Afonso, Catarina I. Gonçalves, Manuela Branco
    Abstract:

    Abstract The Eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus platensis (Marelli), is an important pest of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. This insect is partially controlled by the egg parasitoid Anaphes nitens (Girault) in many regions, but the introduction of additional natural enemies can potentially increase pest control. In this study, we evaluate intra- and interspecific competitive interactions between the incumbent A. nitens and the new egg parasitoid Anaphes inexpectatus Huber and Prinsloo. The effects of temperature, order of parasitism, number of parasitoid ovipositions, time interval between ovipositions, and host egg age were analysed. Distinct outcomes of competition were found at different temperatures, with benefit to A. inexpectatus at 20 °C. The first species to parasitise generally prevailed over the second, indicating exploitation competition. However, interference competition was also apparent, namely when A. inexpectatus laid multiple eggs, outcompeting A. nitens, and when the first parasitism occurred six days before. In this case, the second species was able to eliminate the first. Anaphes nitens tended to reject eggs parasitised by A. inexpectatus, whereas A. inexpectatus showed no interspecific host discrimination behaviour towards eggs parasitised by A. nitens. Overall, A. nitens parasitised more hosts and is expected to contribute more to pest control, but it was found to be more susceptible to intraspecific competition. Results suggest that A. inexpectatus and A. nitens should be able to coexist, as asymmetric competition was found to depend on temperature. However, A. inexpectatus establishment in the field in areas where A. nitens is already present may be delayed or even prevented due to interspecific competition. As such, the introduction of A. inexpectatus in a classical biological control programme against G. platensis is advised to be carried out by releasing large numbers of parasitoids in consecutive occasions.

  • Environmental risk assessment of the egg parasitoid Anaphes inexpectatus for classical biological control of the Eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus platensis
    BioControl, 2017
    Co-Authors: Carlos Valente, M. A. Alonso-zarazaga, Catarina Afonso, Catarina I. Gonçalves, Ana Reis, Manuela Branco
    Abstract:

    Classical biological control is a valuable tool against invasive pests, but concerns about non-target effects requires risk assessment studies. Potential non-target effects of Anaphes inexpectatus Huber and Prinsloo (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) were assessed for a classical biological control programme against the Eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus platensis (Marelli) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). No-choice tests were conducted with 17 non-target species to assess host specificity, including 11 curculionids. In behavioural observations, A.   inexpectatus showed no interest in any of the non-target species, but two weevil species were parasitised within five days of exposure, although at significantly lower rates than G. platensis . In choice tests, only one non-target, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was parasitised, at a rate of 0.6%, while 50.0% of G. platensis eggs were parasitised. Based on the host specificity test results and the potential host fauna found in the target area, the likelihood of non-target effects resulting from the release of A. inexpectatus is considered to be negligible.

  • pre selection and biological potential of the egg parasitoid Anaphes inexpectatus for the control of the eucalyptus snout beetle gonipterus platensis
    Journal of Pest Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: Carlos Valente, Catarina I. Gonçalves, Ana Reis, Manuela Branco
    Abstract:

    The Eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus platensis (Marelli), causes severe damage to eucalypt plantations in several countries, despite the presence of the parasitoid Anaphes nitens (Girault). Climate and/or host–parasitoid mismatch may explain A. nitens shortcomings in some areas in Portugal, Spain, Chile, South Africa, or Australia. Because additional parasitoids may be needed to achieve reliable control of this pest, Anaphes inexpectatus Huber and Prinsloo, retrieved from field surveys conducted in Tasmania (the pest’s native habitat), was selected for pre-release studies in Portugal. Life history traits of A. inexpectatus and A. nitens were compared at six temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C), including development times, thermal constants, viability, parasitism, and behaviour. Temperatures ranging from 10 to 20 °C were adequate for development, while at 25 and 30 °C, deleterious effects of temperature were detected, particularly in A. nitens. Development thresholds were similar for A. inexpectatus and A. nitens (6.0 and 5.4 °C, respectively), but A. nitens needed 313 degree-days to complete development, while A. inexpectatus needed 263 degree-days. Globally, A. nitens produced more progeny, parasitised more eggs, and lived longer than A. inexpectatus. Net reproductive rates were higher for A. inexpectatus at lower temperatures (10 and 15 °C), and higher for A. nitens at moderate temperatures (20 and 25 °C). In addition, A. inexpectatus evidenced higher tolerance to the highest temperature tested (30 °C). Anaphes inexpectatus is likely to establish under field conditions and may enhance parasitism of G. platensis.

G. Boivin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the detection of Anaphes sp nov hymenoptera mymaridae an egg parasitoid of the carrot weevil in nova scotia
    Phytoprotection, 1996
    Co-Authors: L R E Hopper, J Le P R Blanc, G. Boivin
    Abstract:

    Les guepes Anaphes victus (Huber) et Anaphes listronoti (Huber) [Hymenoptera : Mymaridae] parasitent 50% des oeufs du charancon de la carotte, Listronotus oregonensis (Le Conte) [Coleoptera : Curculionidae] au Quebec et en Ontario. Des essais de piegeage en Nouvelle-Ecosse de l'un ou l'autre de ces parasites en exposant des oeufs du charancon de la carotte n'ont pas reussi. Cependant, 48 specimens d'une nouvelle espece de guepe, Anaphes sp. nov. [Hymenoptera : Mymaridae], ont ete captures dans des champs de carotte (Daucus carota) en Nouvelle-Ecosse, en utilisant des carottes infestees en chambre de croissance par des oeufs du charancon de la carotte. Anaphes sp. nov. se distingue des autres parasites du charancon de la carotte par des caracteristiques de la paire d'ailes anterieure. Anaphes sp. nov. possede un rapport longueur : largeur plus grand que 7 : 3 pour l'aile anterieure alors que chez A. victus et A. listronoti, ce meme rapport est plus petit que 6: 7.

  • Intraspecific hyperparasitism in a primary hymenopteran parasitoid
    Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 1995
    Co-Authors: J. Baaren, G. Boivin, J. P. Nénon
    Abstract:

    In solitary parasitoids, in which only one individual can emerge per host, the adaptive value of conspecific superparasitism is a function of the survival probability of the egg laid by the superparasitizing female. In the few cases which these probabilities are compared, the oldest immature has an advantage over the other individuals. We measured the acceptance rate of parasitized hosts and survival rate of supernumerary larvae in Anaphes victus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in relation to the interval between ovipositions. When this interval was 5–7 days, the first immature was at the prepupa and pupa stage respectively, and female Anaphes victus changed their oviposition behavior markedly. They killed the developing parasitoid of their own species before ovipositing in it. The progeny of these females, which are normally primary parasitoids, developed thereafter as hyperparasitoids. Indeed, in contrast with other species, the survival of the second female's progeny increased with the time interval between ovipositions. This type of facultative intraspecific hyperparasitism is different from autoparasitism in Aphelinidae and has never been mentioned in other parasitoids; it would be adaptive if females of this short-lived species encounter low-quality patches.

  • preimaginal development of Anaphes n sp hymenoptera mymaridae an egg parasitoid of the carrot weevil coleoptera curculionidae
    Biological Control, 1993
    Co-Authors: G. Boivin, C Picard, J L Auclair
    Abstract:

    Abstract The developmental stages of Anaphes n.sp. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae), were characterized from material reared at 23 ± 1°C and 18L:6D. The ovarian egg is elongated, stalked, and 170 μm long. Embryogenesis required about 12 h. The first instar is of the mymariform type and is followed by three sacciform instars. Larval development was completed in 4 to 5 days and the mature larva occupied 3 4 of the host egg. Segmentation of Anaphes n.sp. occurred in the pupal stage. Pupation required about 2 days and ended with the discharge of the meconium. Sclerotization of the pharate imago continued for 2 or 3 days and was usually completed by the end of the 10th day. The adult emerged on the morning of the 11th or 12th day.

  • parasitism of lygus lineolaris eggs on coronilla varia solanum tuberosum and three host weeds in southeastern quebec
    Biocontrol, 1992
    Co-Authors: P H Sohati, G. Boivin, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Parasitism ofLygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) eggs by three species ofMymaridae, Anaphes iole Girault,Erythmelus miridiphagus Dozier andPolynema pratensiphagum Walley and one species ofScelionidae, Telenomus sp., was investigated at Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec. The maximum level of field parasitism ofL. lineolaris eggs by individual species was 15.4, 53.8, 70.0 and 16,7%, respectively.

  • response to host age of the egg parasitoid Anaphes n sp hymenoptera mymaridae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 1991
    Co-Authors: C Picard, J L Auclair, G. Boivin
    Abstract:

    The mymarid Anaphes n.sp. was observed to parasitize the eggs of the carrot weevil Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) up to 138 h old at 23±1°C and 18L:6D. Adult emergence of the parasitoid was observed in 85%‐97.5% of the weevil eggs 42–138 h old and host embryogenesis was interrupted in nearly 100% of these eggs. In host eggs of 18 h old, parasitism was very high but not all parasitoids completed their development and their subsequent emergence was generally retarded. An.sp. could parasitize host eggs 162 h old, but such an attack rarely retarded the normal development of the host. The parasitoid was unable to complete its development in sterile carrot weevil eggs.

John T Huber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • two new species of Anaphes haliday hymenoptera mymaridae from india and indonesia
    Zootaxa, 2019
    Co-Authors: Prince Tarique Anwar, Shahid Bin Zeya, John T Huber
    Abstract:

    Two species of Anaphes Haliday with distinctive females are described from India (A. triapitsyni Anwar Zeya, sp. nov.) or from India and Indonesia (A. kailashchandrai Anwar Zeya, sp. nov.). The only other Anaphes species known to occur in India is A. quinquearticulatus Huber Triapitsyn because previous records of A. pallipes (Ashmead) and A. pullicrurus (Girault) are based on misidentifications. These latter two names are therefore removed from the faunal list of India. An illustrated key to females of the three described species of Anaphes known from India is given. The described species of Anaphes known from Australia are also briefly reviewed, with type material of four previously unillustrated species being newly imaged and compared to the Indian species.

  • review of Anaphes haliday hymenoptera mymaridae with key to species in europe and a world catalogue
    Zootaxa, 2018
    Co-Authors: John T Huber, Csaba Thuroczy
    Abstract:

    The Walter Soyka species of Anaphes Haliday are reviewed and placed in context among the remaining world species. An analysis of his descriptions and identification keys is presented, and discussed in light of a broader interpretation of intraspecific variation in Anaphes species than Soyka accepted. An illustrated diagnosis of Anaphes is given and the species in Europe considered to be valid are keyed—14 species in Anaphes ( Anaphes ) and 15 species in Anaphes ( Patasson ). The 244 names of world Anaphes are tabulated in various ways and their type localities, if known, are mapped. All available valid names and their synonyms, mostly from among the 155 nominal species described by Soyka, are catalogued, with details of type material and collecting information. A total of 167 synonyms are listed, 17 of which are synonyms proposed by earlier authors and 149 of which are proposed as new synonyms. Lectotypes are designated for Mymar ferreirei Soyka and Yungaburra acutiventris Soyka. Nine nomina dubia , 2 names of fossil species that most likely do not belong to Anaphes , 3 unavailable names and 20 species transferred to other genera are listed separately; among the latter, Anagrus foersteri (Ratzeburg) is transferred to Erythmelus Enock as E. foersteri (Ratzeburg), comb. n. Host records published from 1985–2015 are tabulated; most are from the literature but a few are from unpublished records found on slide mounted Anaphes specimens in various collections, mostly in Europe. The merits of classifying the available names of nominal species into an earlier classification with subgenera Anaphes ( Anaphes ) and Anaphes ( Patasson ) instead a later classification consisting of species groups within Anaphes ( Anaphes ) and Anaphes ( Yungaburra ) are discussed; the earlier classification is preferred.

  • Neotype designation for Anaphes brevis Walker (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)
    Pensoft Publishers, 2018
    Co-Authors: John T Huber
    Abstract:

    A neotype for Anaphes brevis Walker (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is designated from among specimens reared in a laboratory culture on Lygus sp. (Hemiptera: Miridae). Based on specimens examined, the distribution of A. brevis extends west-east from UK (Wales) apparently as far as China and north-south from Germany to Morocco. The species also apparently occurs in North America

  • Two genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) new to Africa, a remarkable new species of Anaphes and new generic synonymy
    Pensoft Publishers, 2017
    Co-Authors: John T Huber, Serguei V Triapitsyn
    Abstract:

    Bakkendorfia Mathot, syn. n. is placed in synonymy under Cleruchus Enock and its only described species transferred as Cleruchus musangae (Mathot), comb. n. Anaphes quinquearticulatus Huber & Triapitsyn, sp. n. is described; it is the only known Anaphes Haliday species with a 5-segmented funicle in females. Two genera are reported for the first time from the Afrotropical region and two species are described: Paranaphoidea (Idiocentrus) africana Huber & Triapitsyn, sp. n., and Allanagrus occidentalis Huber & Triapitsyn, sp. n

  • case 3554 Anaphes haliday 1833 insecta hymenoptera proposed designation of a fuscipennis haliday 1833 as the type species
    The Bulletin of zoological nomenclature, 2011
    Co-Authors: John T Huber, John S Noyes, Andrew Polaszek, Serguei V Triapitsyn
    Abstract:

    Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Articles 80.9 and 81.1 of the Code, is to designate Anaphes fuscipennis Haliday, 1833 (family mymaridae) as the type species of Anaphes Haliday, 1833. The nominal species A. punctum Shaw, 1798 is currently the type species by subsequent designation and is placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology, but no type specimen of A. punctum existed until Huber (2011) showed conclusively that punctum belongs to the genus Camptoptera Foerster, 1856 and designated a neotype. It is clearly unacceptable that the type species of a genus does not belong to that genus so a request to the Commission to change the type species to the only other originally included species of Anaphes, A. fuscipennis, is presented, to maintain the current usage.