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Vanda H P Bueno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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larval competition between aphidius ervi and praon volucre hymenoptera braconidae aphidiinae in macrosiphum euphorbiae hemiptera aphididae
Environmental Entomology, 2010Co-Authors: Lívia Alvarenga Sidney, Marcus V Sampaio, Juracy C Lins, Vanda H P Bueno, Diego Bastos SilvaAbstract:Interspecific competition between parasitoid larvae may influence the size, structure, and stability of the population, leading to a reduction in total parasitism and thus restricting the pest control. Aphidius ervi (Haliday) and Praon volucre (Haliday) are endoparasitoids that possess a wide host range and present considerable potential for the biological control of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). The larval competition between A. ervi and P. volucre, and the possible intrinsic competitive superiority of one of the parasitoids in M. euphorbiae, have been studied. In single parasitism experiments, mated parasitoid females (n = 10) were maintained individually in contact with M. euphorbiae hosts (n = 30) inside petri dishes containing lettuce leaf discs and maintained in environmental chamber at 22 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH, and 12-h photophase. The multiple parasitism experiments consisted of exposing single parasitized aphids (n = 120) to the second parasitoid species. Two oviposition events were performed with a 4-h interval between them, namely the following: sequence A (oviposition by A. ervi, followed by P. volucre) and sequence B (oviposition by P. volucre, followed by A. ervi). Oviposition sequence A generated 24 A. ervi and 55 P. volucre adults, whereas oviposition sequence B generated 23 and 49 adults. P. volucre is an intrinsically superior competitor compared with A. ervi, and the use of the two species simultaneously may result in competitive exclusion and influence the stability of the parasitoid population.
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fertility life table of aphidius colemani viereck hymenoptera braconidae aphidiinae on aphis gossypii glover hemiptera aphididae
Neotropical Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Andrea De F Torres, Marcus V Sampaio, Vanda H P Bueno, Bruno F De ContiAbstract:The intrinsic rate of increase of a parasitoid related to its hosts play an important role in biological control programs. In this work, fertility of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck was evaluated on Aphis gossypii Glover by means of a fertility life table. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio, 12 mated females of A. colemani (24h old), and 240 nymphs of A. gossypii (3 days old) were used. To evaluate fertility 15 mated females (24h old) were used. For each parasitoid female, 300 nymphs were offered in the 1st day, 250 nymphs in the 2nd day, 200 nymphs in the 3rd day, 150 nymphs in the 4th day, 100 nymphs in the 5th day and 50 nymphs in the other days. Immature mortality of A. colemani was 22.1%, development time of males and females were 12.0 and 11.8 days, respectively, and sex ratio was 0.6. The females of A. colemani laid 420 eggs and had longevity of 5.9 days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was 194.81 females and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.384 females/females/day. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.48 females/day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 13.74 days and the time to duplication the population (TD) was 12.60 days. The parasitoid A. colemani had a great potential of population growth on A. gossypii as a host and could be an effective biological control agent of this aphid.
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Tabela de vida de fertilidade de Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) em Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Neotropical entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Andrea De F Torres, Marcus V Sampaio, Vanda H P Bueno, Bruno F De ContiAbstract:The intrinsic rate of increase of a parasitoid related to its hosts play an important role in biological control programs. In this work, fertility of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck was evaluated on Aphis gossypii Glover by means of a fertility life table. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio, 12 mated females of A. colemani (24h old), and 240 nymphs of A. gossypii (3 days old) were used. To evaluate fertility 15 mated females (24h old) were used. For each parasitoid female, 300 nymphs were offered in the 1st day, 250 nymphs in the 2nd day, 200 nymphs in the 3rd day, 150 nymphs in the 4th day, 100 nymphs in the 5th day and 50 nymphs in the other days. Immature mortality of A. colemani was 22.1%, development time of males and females were 12.0 and 11.8 days, respectively, and sex ratio was 0.6. The females of A. colemani laid 420 eggs and had longevity of 5.9 days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was 194.81 females and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.384 females/females/day. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.48 females/day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 13.74 days and the time to duplication the population (TD) was 12.60 days. The parasitoid A. colemani had a great potential of population growth on A. gossypii as a host and could be an effective biological control agent of this aphid.
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tabela de vida de fertilidade de lysiphlebus testaceipes cresson 1880 hymenoptera Aphidiidae em schizaphis graminum rondani 1852 hemipera aphididae
Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2003Co-Authors: Sandra M M Rodrigues, Vanda H P Bueno, Marcus V SampaioAbstract:Life table analyses have been developed to understanding the impact of various sources of intrinsic and extrinsic mortalities on the rate of population growth. The understanding of the population increase of the parasitoids related to their hosts is important in biological control programs. This work had as objective to evaluate the survival and fertility of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880) on Schizaphis graminum (Rondani, 1852) as a host under fertility life table. The experiment were carried out in a climatic chamber at 25 ± 1oC, RH 60 ± 10% and 10h photophase. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio of the parasitoid, 12 females of the parasitoid (less than one day old) and 240 nymphs of S. graminum (3 days old) were used. To evaluate the longevity and fertility of L. testaceipes, 15 females (less than one day old) were used. Nymphs of S. graminum (3 days old) were offered for each parasitoid female daily, until the female died, being in the 1st day - 300 nymphs; 2nd day - 250 nymphs; 3rd day - 200 nymphs; 4th day - 150 and in the other days a number of 50 nymphs. L. testaceipes had an immature mortality of 22,2%, and a development time of males and females of 9.0 and 9.1 days, respectively. The females of L. testaceipes laid, in it first life day, 257.8 eggs, and they survived up until seven days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were respectively, 301.9 and 0.513. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.67 females per day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 11.13 days and the time to duplicate the population (TD) was 1.35 weeks. The parasitoid L. testaceipes have a high potential of population growth on S. graminum as a host under the analyzed conditions.
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parasitismo e desenvolvimento de lysiphlebus testaceipes cresson hymenoptera Aphidiidae em aphis gossypii glover e myzus persicae sulzer hemiptera aphididae
Neotropical Entomology, 2003Co-Authors: Ariana B Carnevale, Vanda H P Bueno, M V SampaioAbstract:Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a adequabilidade de Aphis gossypii Glover e Myzus persicae (Sulzer) como hospedeiros de Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson). Cada especie de hospedeiro foi oferecida separadamente ao parasitoide. Foram utilizados recipientes com uma folha de pimentao contendo 30 ninfas de afideos de 2o e 3o instares. Uma femea de L. testaceipes foi liberada dentro do recipiente e retirada apos 2h. Os pulgoes foram transferidos para placas de Petri (5 cm), contendo solucao de 1% agar/agua e um disco foliar de pimentao ou algodao, para M. persicae e A. gossypii, respectivamente. As mumias foram transferidas para tubos de vidro (100 mm x 8 mm) para a avaliacao da emergencia e da longevidade do parasitoide. O parasitismo foi maior em A. gossypii (44,2%) do que em M. persicae (6,7%). Nao houve diferenca significativa na emergencia (100% para M. persicae e 92,6% para A. gossypii) e no periodo de desenvolvimento de L. testaceipes nas duas especies de hospedeiro (9,0 e 8,8 dias para M. persicae e A. gossypii, respectivamente). A longevidade de L. testaceipes foi maior quando se desenvolveu sobre o hospedeiro A. gossypii (5,5 dias) do que sobre M. persicae (3,9 dias). Ambas as especies hospedeiras foram adequadas ao desenvolvimento do parasitoide, entretanto A. gossypii foi mais adequado do que M. persicae como hospedeiro para L. testaceipes.
Marcus V Sampaio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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larval competition between aphidius ervi and praon volucre hymenoptera braconidae aphidiinae in macrosiphum euphorbiae hemiptera aphididae
Environmental Entomology, 2010Co-Authors: Lívia Alvarenga Sidney, Marcus V Sampaio, Juracy C Lins, Vanda H P Bueno, Diego Bastos SilvaAbstract:Interspecific competition between parasitoid larvae may influence the size, structure, and stability of the population, leading to a reduction in total parasitism and thus restricting the pest control. Aphidius ervi (Haliday) and Praon volucre (Haliday) are endoparasitoids that possess a wide host range and present considerable potential for the biological control of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). The larval competition between A. ervi and P. volucre, and the possible intrinsic competitive superiority of one of the parasitoids in M. euphorbiae, have been studied. In single parasitism experiments, mated parasitoid females (n = 10) were maintained individually in contact with M. euphorbiae hosts (n = 30) inside petri dishes containing lettuce leaf discs and maintained in environmental chamber at 22 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH, and 12-h photophase. The multiple parasitism experiments consisted of exposing single parasitized aphids (n = 120) to the second parasitoid species. Two oviposition events were performed with a 4-h interval between them, namely the following: sequence A (oviposition by A. ervi, followed by P. volucre) and sequence B (oviposition by P. volucre, followed by A. ervi). Oviposition sequence A generated 24 A. ervi and 55 P. volucre adults, whereas oviposition sequence B generated 23 and 49 adults. P. volucre is an intrinsically superior competitor compared with A. ervi, and the use of the two species simultaneously may result in competitive exclusion and influence the stability of the parasitoid population.
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fertility life table of aphidius colemani viereck hymenoptera braconidae aphidiinae on aphis gossypii glover hemiptera aphididae
Neotropical Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Andrea De F Torres, Marcus V Sampaio, Vanda H P Bueno, Bruno F De ContiAbstract:The intrinsic rate of increase of a parasitoid related to its hosts play an important role in biological control programs. In this work, fertility of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck was evaluated on Aphis gossypii Glover by means of a fertility life table. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio, 12 mated females of A. colemani (24h old), and 240 nymphs of A. gossypii (3 days old) were used. To evaluate fertility 15 mated females (24h old) were used. For each parasitoid female, 300 nymphs were offered in the 1st day, 250 nymphs in the 2nd day, 200 nymphs in the 3rd day, 150 nymphs in the 4th day, 100 nymphs in the 5th day and 50 nymphs in the other days. Immature mortality of A. colemani was 22.1%, development time of males and females were 12.0 and 11.8 days, respectively, and sex ratio was 0.6. The females of A. colemani laid 420 eggs and had longevity of 5.9 days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was 194.81 females and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.384 females/females/day. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.48 females/day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 13.74 days and the time to duplication the population (TD) was 12.60 days. The parasitoid A. colemani had a great potential of population growth on A. gossypii as a host and could be an effective biological control agent of this aphid.
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Tabela de vida de fertilidade de Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) em Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Neotropical entomology, 2007Co-Authors: Andrea De F Torres, Marcus V Sampaio, Vanda H P Bueno, Bruno F De ContiAbstract:The intrinsic rate of increase of a parasitoid related to its hosts play an important role in biological control programs. In this work, fertility of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck was evaluated on Aphis gossypii Glover by means of a fertility life table. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio, 12 mated females of A. colemani (24h old), and 240 nymphs of A. gossypii (3 days old) were used. To evaluate fertility 15 mated females (24h old) were used. For each parasitoid female, 300 nymphs were offered in the 1st day, 250 nymphs in the 2nd day, 200 nymphs in the 3rd day, 150 nymphs in the 4th day, 100 nymphs in the 5th day and 50 nymphs in the other days. Immature mortality of A. colemani was 22.1%, development time of males and females were 12.0 and 11.8 days, respectively, and sex ratio was 0.6. The females of A. colemani laid 420 eggs and had longevity of 5.9 days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was 194.81 females and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.384 females/females/day. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.48 females/day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 13.74 days and the time to duplication the population (TD) was 12.60 days. The parasitoid A. colemani had a great potential of population growth on A. gossypii as a host and could be an effective biological control agent of this aphid.
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tabela de vida de fertilidade de lysiphlebus testaceipes cresson 1880 hymenoptera Aphidiidae em schizaphis graminum rondani 1852 hemipera aphididae
Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2003Co-Authors: Sandra M M Rodrigues, Vanda H P Bueno, Marcus V SampaioAbstract:Life table analyses have been developed to understanding the impact of various sources of intrinsic and extrinsic mortalities on the rate of population growth. The understanding of the population increase of the parasitoids related to their hosts is important in biological control programs. This work had as objective to evaluate the survival and fertility of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880) on Schizaphis graminum (Rondani, 1852) as a host under fertility life table. The experiment were carried out in a climatic chamber at 25 ± 1oC, RH 60 ± 10% and 10h photophase. To determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio of the parasitoid, 12 females of the parasitoid (less than one day old) and 240 nymphs of S. graminum (3 days old) were used. To evaluate the longevity and fertility of L. testaceipes, 15 females (less than one day old) were used. Nymphs of S. graminum (3 days old) were offered for each parasitoid female daily, until the female died, being in the 1st day - 300 nymphs; 2nd day - 250 nymphs; 3rd day - 200 nymphs; 4th day - 150 and in the other days a number of 50 nymphs. L. testaceipes had an immature mortality of 22,2%, and a development time of males and females of 9.0 and 9.1 days, respectively. The females of L. testaceipes laid, in it first life day, 257.8 eggs, and they survived up until seven days. The net reproduction rate (Ro) and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were respectively, 301.9 and 0.513. The finite rate of increase (l) was 1.67 females per day, the mean length of a generation (T) was 11.13 days and the time to duplicate the population (TD) was 1.35 weeks. The parasitoid L. testaceipes have a high potential of population growth on S. graminum as a host under the analyzed conditions.
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parasitismo de aphidius colemani viereck hymenoptera Aphidiidae em diferentes densidades de myzus persicae sulzer hemiptera aphididae
Neotropical Entomology, 2001Co-Authors: Marcus V Sampaio, Vanda H P Bueno, Raquel PerezmalufAbstract:Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a resposta funcional do parasitoide Aphidius colemani Viereck, atraves da determinacao do numero de mumias de Myzus persicae (Sulzer) formadas e da sua razao sexual, nas densidades de 20, 40, 60 e 80 ninfas sobre folhas de pimentao, a temperatura de 21±1oC. Tambem foi avaliada sua resposta funcional atraves do numero de ataques do parasitoide sobre os hospedeiros e pelo seu comportamento de busca, a temperatura de 23±1oC, nas densidades de zero, quatro, oito, 16 e 32 M. persicae sobre discos foliares de pimentao (43mm) em placas de Petri (50 mm). A resposta funcional de A. colemani foi do tipo II, tanto para o numero de mumias formadas (12,4; 22,7; 33,0 e 31,6), quanto para o numero de ataques do parasitoide (0; 4,1; 6,8; 13,2 e 19,2), obtendo-se aumento gradativo do numero de hospedeiros aceitos com o aumento da densidade do hospedeiro, ate estabilizar-se. A razao sexual foi 0,57 em media, nao sofrendo influencia significativa da densidade do hospedeiro (P<0,05). O numero de toques com a antena do parasitoide nos hospedeiros (encontros) aumentou gradativamente com o aumento da densidade do hospedeiro, sofrendo um aumento brusco na densidade mais alta (32 hospedeiros), indicando um aumento no comportamento de busca do parasitoide. O tempo da primeira visita de A. colemani nao variou com a densidade. Quando os hospedeiros estavam presentes, foi de 1526,9 a 1638,0 segundos, porem, na ausencia de hospedeiros, o parasitoide permaneceu no disco foliar por tempo menor (340,1 segundos).
Marjorie A Hoy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular and field analyses of the fortuitous establishment of lipolexis oregmae hymenoptera Aphidiidae in jamaica as a natural enemy of the brown citrus aphid
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Marjorie A Hoy, Ayyamperumal Jeyaprakash, Dionne Clarkeharris, Llewellyn RhodesAbstract:Abstract The brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), is a serious pest of citrus because it efficiently transmits citrus tristeza closterovirus (CTV). The invasion of Jamaica's citrus by T. citricida resulted in serious economic losses and the importation and consideration was given to the establishment of Lipolexis oregmae Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) in a classical biological control program. Prior to introducing L. oregmae, we conducted a survey to determine the abundance of Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) in T. citricida. A high-fidelity PCR analysis was conducted using Lysiphlebus- and Lipolexis-specific ITS2 rRNA primers on alcohol-preserved brown citrus aphids and the results were positive for both parasitoids. The fortuitous establishment of L. oregmae in Jamaica was surprising, and was confirmed by rearing adults from parasitized aphids and obtaining taxonomic confirmation based on morphology. In addition, its identity was confirmed molecularly by cloning ...
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establishment of lipolexis oregmae hymenoptera Aphidiidae in a classical biological control program directed against the brown citrus aphid homoptera aphididae in florida
Florida Entomologist, 2007Co-Authors: Anand B Persad, Marjorie A Hoy, Ru NguyenAbstract:Abstract The parasitoid Lipolexis oregmae Gahan (introduced as L. scutellaris Mackauer) was imported from Guam, evaluated in quarantine, mass reared, and released into citrus groves in Florida in a classical biological control program directed against the brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy. Releases of 20,200, 12,100, and 1,260 adults of L. oregmae were made throughout Florida during 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. To determine if L. oregmae had successfully established, surveys were conducted throughout the state beginning in the summer of 2001 and continuing through the summer of 2003. Parasitism during 2001 and 2002 was evaluated by holding brown citrus aphids in the laboratory until parasitoid adults emerged. Lipolexis oregmae was found in 10 sites in 7 counties and 4 sites in 3 counties with parasitism rates ranging from 0.7 to 3.3% in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Laboratory tests indicated that high rates of mortality occurred if field-collected parasitized aphids were held in plas...
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manipulation of female parasitoid age enhances laboratory culture of lysiphlebus testaceipes hymenoptera Aphidiidae reared on toxoptera citricida homoptera aphididae
Florida Entomologist, 2003Co-Authors: Anand B Persad, Marjorie A HoyAbstract:Abstract Cultures of the endoparasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) on the brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy (Homoptera: Aphididae), previously have been reported to be difficult to establish. In this study, L. testaceipes colonies were initiated from parasitized brown citrus aphids obtained from field-collected citrus foliage in Florida and successfully maintained for >25 generations in the laboratory. To enhance colony rearing methods, several aspects of the parasitoid’s biology were examined. An evaluation of foraging by single or multiple females determined that the presence of multiple females did not influence mean progeny yield per female. However, the mean number of progeny produced by mature (25-49 and 49-73 h) L. testaceipes females was higher than that produced by younger (1-25 h) females over a 24-h period. In all three parasitoid age classes, each reared on second-, third- or fourth-instar aphid hosts, significantly more mummies containing L. testa...
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responses of lipolexis oregmae hymenoptera Aphidiidae to different instars of toxoptera citricida homoptera aphididae
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2003Co-Authors: Alison Walker, Marjorie A HoyAbstract:The effects of host instar of Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy (Homoptera: Aphididae) on the performance of the parasitoid Lipolexis oregmae (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), originally Lipolexis scutellaris Mackauer, were evaluated in an effort to increase basic knowledge of this host-parasitoid association, improve field sampling methods, and potentially predict the success of parasitism in the field. L. oregmae was able to oviposit and develop in all four instars of T. citricida; however, there are differences in the quality of different host instars. Although second-instar hosts produce more L. oregmae progeny and a higher female-biased sex ratio, fourth-instar hosts produce L. oregmae progeny that are larger and have a higher realized fecundity. However, fourth-instar hosts require a longer handling time and expose the parasitoid female to more aphid behavioral defenses than do second-instar hosts. Additionally, results suggest that fourth-instar hosts may elicit a physiological immune response to parasitism; when aphids were observed being stung once, the number of L. oregmae larvae present on dissection after 4 d and the number of eclosed adults was lower in fourth- than in second-instar hosts. Pupal mortality of L. oregmae was also higher in fourth-instar hosts compared with second-instar hosts. The results of this study confirm that L. oregmae has a high reproductive rate and low incidence of incomplete parasitization on this host and is one of only a few natural enemies able to complete development in all instars of the brown citrus aphid in Florida.
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intra and interspecific interactions between lysiphlebus testaceipes and lipolexis scutellaris hymenoptera Aphidiidae reared on toxoptera citricida homoptera aphididae
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2003Co-Authors: Anand B Persad, Marjorie A HoyAbstract:Abstract Classical biological control of the brown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy in Florida has involved the release of Lipolexis scutellaris Mackauer. Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson is already present in Florida and also parasitizes T. citricida. Because parasitoid–parasitoid interactions may affect the establishment of a newly introduced parasitoid species, intra- and interspecific larval interactions of both parasitoids were studied in the laboratory using T. citricida reared on citrus. Five time intervals were allowed between successive oviposition opportunities. Early developmental times were determined for both parasitoids: eggs of L. testaceipes and L. scutellaris hatched after 54.3 and 61.7 h, while molt to second instar occurred after 73.3 and 87.1 h, respectively, after oviposition at 22°C. At intervals <12 h, both parasitoids had a greater tendency to multiparasitize than to superparasitize, and the tendency to superparasitize or multiparasitize decreased with an increase in time b...
Abbasali Zamani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of temperature on reproductive parameters of aphidius colemani and aphidius matricariae hymenoptera braconidae on aphis gossypii hemiptera aphididae in laboratory conditions
Journal of Crop Protection, 2012Co-Authors: Abbasali Zamani, Mostafa Haghani, Katayoon KheradmandAbstract:The aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemnai Viereck and A. matricariae (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) have high potential as the most effective biological control agents for controlling the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In this investigation, the effect of five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) on the reproductive parameters of the parasitoid was studied at 65 ± 5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D hours. The newly laid (one- day old) eggs were reared on third instar nymphs of cotton aphid, and the pupal and adult stages of the parasitoids were recorded daily, until the last individual was found dead. The experiments were carried out with 15 replications at each temperature. The results revealed that the gross fecundity and fertility rates were significantly different at all tested temperatures for both species (P < 0.05). The highest value for the mean fertile eggs per day were recorded at 25 °C and 30 °C for A. matricariae and A. colemani, respetively. The results of this research can be used for establishing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against A. gossypii in cucumber greenhouses.
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life history and demographic parameters of aphis fabae hemiptera aphididae and its parasitoid aphidius matricariae hymenoptera Aphidiidae on four sugar beet cultivars
Acta entomologica Serbica, 2010Co-Authors: Sepideh Tahriri Adabi, Yaghoub Fathipour, Ali Asghar Talebi, Abbasali ZamaniAbstract:The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the important pests of sugar beet in Iran. Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is a key parasitoid used in various integrated pest management (IPM) programs worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the effects of four cultivars of sugar beet (IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin) on biology and demographic parameters of A. fabae and A. matricariae as a step toward biological control of black bean aphid. Experiments were performed in a growth chamber with 25±1oC, 70±5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16L : 8D hours. Survival rates (lx) of A. fabae and A. matricariae were highest on Rasoul and PP8 cultivars, respectively. The life expectancy of 1-day-old adults of A. fabae and A. matricariae was estimated to be 4.25, 4.3, 4.15, 4.5 and 3.8, 3.8, 3.45, 3.65 days on IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin cultivars, respectively. There were significant differences between rm values of A. fabae and A. matricariae on PP8, Shirin and Rasoul cultivars. There were no significant differences between net reproductive rates (Ro) of A. fabae on different cultivars of sugar beet, while there were clear differences in Ro values of A. matricariae on various cultivars. The highest value of Ro for A. matricariae was obtained on Shirin cultivar. The parasitoid performed better on Shirin than other cultivars, while the aphid performance was poorly affected by cultivars. Therefore, we suggest the use of Shirin cultivar to maximize the natural biological control of A. fabae by A. matricariae.
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Temperature-dependent functional response of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemani and Aphidius matricariae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), on the cotton aphid
Journal of Pest Science, 2006Co-Authors: Abbasali Zamani, Yaghoub Fathipour, Ali Asghar Talebi, Valiollah BaniameriAbstract:The functional response of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck and Aphidius matricariae (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), on the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), was examined. Five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30°C) and six host densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64) were used during a 24-h period. At each temperature, 2–64 third-instar nymphs of A. gossypii were exposed to individual wasp mating pairs. A type II functional response model for both parasitoid wasps was fit separately for each temperature. The results showed that instantaneous attack rate ( a ) in A. colemani increased linearly as the temperature increases from 10 to 30°C, but in A. matricariae , ( a ) increased almost linearly with temperature to reach a maximum at 25°C, and then decreased at 30°C, displaying an asymmetrical dome-shaped pattern. The highest instantaneous attack rate for A. colemani and A. matricariae were calculated 0.940 ± 0.144 day^−1 at 30°C and 0.687 ± 0.157 day^−1 at 25°C, respectively. Handling time ( T _h) for A. colemani was inversely proportional to temperature and ranged from 0.093 ± 0.026 day at 10°C to 0.032 ± 0.004 day at 30°C, but in A. matricariae , ( T _h) was between 0.078 ± 0.015 day at 10°C and 0.036 ± 0.014 day at 20°C. A. colemani achieved higher parasitism rate than A. matricariae at higher temperatures. This observation suggests that A. colemani maybe more effective for biological control of the cotton aphid during warmer periods.
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Temperature-dependent functional response of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemani and Aphidius matricariae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), on the cotton aphid
Journal of Pest Science, 2006Co-Authors: Abbasali Zamani, Yaghoub Fathipour, Ali Asghar Talebi, Valiollah BaniameriAbstract:The functional response of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck and Aphidius matricariae (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), on the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), was examined. Five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30°C) and six host densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64) were used during a 24-h period. At each temperature, 2–64 third-instar nymphs of A. gossypii were exposed to individual wasp mating pairs. A type II functional response model for both parasitoid wasps was fit separately for each temperature. The results showed that instantaneous attack rate ( a ) in A. colemani increased linearly as the temperature increases from 10 to 30°C, but in A. matricariae , ( a ) increased almost linearly with temperature to reach a maximum at 25°C, and then decreased at 30°C, displaying an asymmetrical dome-shaped pattern. The highest instantaneous attack rate for A. colemani and A. matricariae were calculated 0.940 ± 0.144 day^−1 at 30°C and 0.687 ± 0.157 day^−1 at 25°C, respectively. Handling time ( T _h) for A. colemani was inversely proportional to temperature and ranged from 0.093 ± 0.026 day at 10°C to 0.032 ± 0.004 day at 30°C, but in A. matricariae , ( T _h) was between 0.078 ± 0.015 day at 10°C and 0.036 ± 0.014 day at 20°C. A. colemani achieved higher parasitism rate than A. matricariae at higher temperatures. This observation suggests that A. colemani maybe more effective for biological control of the cotton aphid during warmer periods.