The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kenneth J Ellis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human Body Composition in vivo methods
Physical Review, 2000Co-Authors: Kenneth J EllisAbstract:In vivo methods used to study human Body Composition continue to be developed, along with more advanced reference models that utilize the information obtained with these technologies. Some methods ...
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Human Body Composition: In Vivo Methods
Physiological Reviews, 2000Co-Authors: Kenneth J EllisAbstract:In vivo methods used to study human Body Composition continue to be developed, along with more advanced reference models that utilize the information obtained with these technologies. Some methods are well established, with a strong physiological basis for their measurement, whereas others are much more indirect. This review has been structured from the methodological point of view to help the reader understand what can be examined with each technique. The associations between the various in vivo methods (densitometry, dilution, bioelectrical impedance and conductance, whole Body counting, neutron activation, X-ray absorptiometry, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) and the five-level multicompartment model of Body Composition are described, along with the limitations and advantages of each method. This review also provides an overview of the present status of this field of research in human biology, including examples of reference Body Composition data for infants, children, adolescents, and adults.
Timothy G Lohman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing Body Composition and changes in Body Composition another look at dual energy x ray absorptiometry
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Timothy G Lohman, Pedro J. Teixeira, Margaret Harris, Lauren WeissAbstract:: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is selected with increasing frequency as a method for both assessing Body Composition and measuring the changes in Body Composition. Issues have been raised about hydration, software version, hardware (fan beam vs. pencil beam), and the subject population in relation to the validity of DXA-derived estimates of Body Composition. This paper reviews validation studies of DXA to assess the impact of recent developments in its technology. Studies by Prior et al., 1 Kohrt et al., 2 Salamone et al., 3 Going et al., 4 and Pietrobelli et al.5 demonstrate the effectiveness of DXA estimates of changes in Body Composition. By contrast, Clasey et al., 6 Nelson et al., 7 and Friedl et al.8 found limitations in DXA estimates of Body Composition and its changes. These contradictory conclusions were explored for threats to internal validity in each research study. From this analysis, two validation guidelines are recommended for use when evaluating estimates of Body Composition. When multicomponent models are used, it is essential that estimates of Body water as a fraction of fat-free mass fall in the expected range (71 to 75%) and have a relatively small standard deviation (2 to 3%). For measuring changes in Body Composition, DXA estimates of total Body mass must accurately reflect both baseline and posttreatment scale Body weight estimates. Failure to meet these guidelines threatens the internal validity of the study and raises the likelihood of methodological discrepancies. Applying these criteria to DXA studies of Body Composition under review accounts for much of the contradictory conclusions among investigations.
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human Body Composition
1996Co-Authors: Alex F Roche, Steven B Heymsfield, Timothy G LohmanAbstract:Part 1 Measurement and prediction methods: densitometry, S.B. Going hydrometry, D.A. Schoeller whole Body counting and neutron activation analysis, K.J. Ellis dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, T.G. Lohman electrical impedance and total Body electrical conductivity, R.N. Baumgartner estimation of muscle mass, H.C. Lukaski multicomponent molecular-level models of Body Composition analysis , S.B. Heymsfield, Zi-Mian Wang, R.T. Withers imaging techniques applied to the measurement of human Body Composition, J-P. Despres, R. Ross, S. Lemieux anthropometry and ultrasound, A.F. Roche statistical methods for the development and testing of predictive equations, S.S. Guo, W.C. Chumlea. Part 2 Findings: total Body Composition - birth to old age, M. D. Van Loan regional Body Composition - age, sex and ethnic variation, R.M. Malina Body Composition in athletes, W.E. Sinning Body Composition in weight loss and pathological states, K.N. Jeejeebhoy. Part 3 Influencing factors and relationships to disease: exercise training and Body Composition changes, D.L. Ballor genetic influences on human Body Composition and physique, C. Bouchard hormonal influences on human Body Composition, P. Bjoerntorp, S. Eden relationships of total and regional Body Composition to morbidity and mortality, J.C. Seidell.
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Exercise training and Body Composition in childhood.
Journal canadien des sciences du sport, 1992Co-Authors: Timothy G LohmanAbstract:: The influence of exercise training on Body Composition changes in children is examined in terms of muscle, bone, and fat development. Because of the inexact Body Composition methodologies in general use and an over-reliance on the two-components system--fat and fat-free Body--the extent of changes especially for muscle and bone with exercise training has not been well quantified. With the recent development of new methodologies these limitations may be overcome. The relationship of Body Composition to health related fitness is also explored with an emphasis on establishing fitness standards for Body fatness and the need for research on the etiology of lower back pain and osteoporosis.
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Advances in Body Composition Assessment
1992Co-Authors: Timothy G LohmanAbstract:Renowned Body Composition specialist Timothy Lohman explores the latest issues and controversies in Body Composition assessment in this reference. After looking at traditional assessment methods, Dr. Lohman contends that new approaches are needed and discusses methods being developed and perfected, including dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, whole-Body electrical impedance, total Body electrical conductivity, and multicomponent models. "Advances in Body Composition Assessment" also explores the challenges in assessing Body Composition for children, the elderly, and athletes.
Wang Zi-mian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Progress of the Effects of Exercise on Human Body Composition-Summary of the 9~(th) International Human Body Composition Science Symposium
Sport Science Research, 2012Co-Authors: Wang Zi-mianAbstract:The paper expounds the study on the effects of exercise on human Body Composition,which was revealed at the 9th International Human Body Composition Science Symposium.It introduces the newest research results in this field at home and abroad.According to different subjects,the study on the effects of exercise on Body Composition can be divided into three aspects,i.e.,effects of exercise on the ordinary people,Body Composition of athletes and effects of exercise on people with illness.The research contents are summed up in the article.Compared to that in other countries,the researches in China take lead in quantity(22 articles from China and 11 from other countries),but the quality is relatively lower.The Chinese researchers like to use the method of bioelectrical impedance to discuss the effects of a single element on Body Composition and seldom take into account the effects of diet and energy balance on Body Composition.In the study on the effects of daily physical exercise amount on Body Composition,accelerometer is often used to quantize daily physical exercise amount.Yet the result obtained differs to some extent from the real daily physical exercise amount.We expect new technology and method in this regard so as to facilitate the study on the dose-effect relationship between daily exercise amount and Body Composition.
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Review and Perspective of the Researches on Human Body Composition Science
Sport Science Research, 2011Co-Authors: Wang Zi-mianAbstract:Human Body Composition science is one of the branches of human biology.It mainly focuses on the masses of various Body components and their distribution,the quantitative relations among Body components,the in vivo quantification of Body components and the quantitative changes in these components related to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors.Human Body Composition study not only has an important biological meaning,but also has a close relationship with improvement of human health and the treatment of disease.Ever since the 21st century,the study of human Body Composition has been developing quickly in China.In average,58 research articles are published each year,accounting for 3.9% of all the articles in this field published in the world.The study of human Body Composition in China focuses on the three aspects of the Body Composition characteristics of Chinese population,relations between exercise and Body Composition,disease and Body Composition.In future,the human Body Composition study on both sides of the straits should develop multi-directionally,especially more studies on Body components such as skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue and the Body Composition characteristics of Asian population.The 9th International Symposium on In Vivo Body Composition Studies was held in Hangzhou,China and this will surely promote the development of the study on human Body Composition in China on both the sides of the Straits.
Steven B Heymsfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Body Composition by DXA.
Bone, 2017Co-Authors: John A Shepherd, Bennett K. Ng, Markus J. Sommer, Steven B HeymsfieldAbstract:Body Composition measurements from DXA have been available since DXA technology was developed 30 years ago, but are historically underutilized. Recently, there have been rapid developments in Body Composition assessment including the analysis and publication of representative data for the US, official usage guidance from the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, and development of regional Body Composition measures with clinical utility. DXA Body Composition is much more than whole Body percent fat. In this paper celebrating 30 years of DXA for Body Composition, we will review the principles of DXA soft tissue analysis, practical clinical and research applications, and what to look for in the future.
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The end of Body Composition methodology research
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2005Co-Authors: Steven B Heymsfield, Angelo Pietrobelli, Zimian Wang, Wim H. M. SarisAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Over one century of research has led to methods for measuring all major Body components at the atomic, molecular, cellular, and tissue-system levels. These remarkable developments have fueled a rapid and sustained increase in 'Body Composition' biological findings and related publications. Other than small, incremental improvements in available methods, is there no longer a need for developing new Body Composition methods? This review examines the question: are we approaching the 'end' of Body Composition methodology research? RECENT FINDINGS: Emerging and rapidly growing areas outside of 'traditional' Body Composition research are highlighting the need for new and innovative method development. Recently introduced technologies such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging extend 'mass' estimates to corresponding 'function' and physiology in humans. Although all major components are now measurable in humans, large gaps remain when considering factors such as radiation exposure, invasiveness, static versus dynamic measurements, and laboratory versus clinic and field assessments. SUMMARY: The end of the first phase of Body Composition method development has now arrived: all major components are measurable in vivo. The accessibility of these methods is stimulating rapid advances in biological knowledge surrounding human Body Composition from in utero to old age. Sustaining advances in new Body Composition method development will require extending the boundaries of the field as it now exists.
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Establishing Body Composition in obesity
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2002Co-Authors: Angelo Pietrobelli, Steven B HeymsfieldAbstract:The field of human Body Composition research is reaching a mature stage in its development. Quantifying the main Body components is integral to the study of growth, as the assessment of human physical characteristics is important both in anthropological and medical fields. This article will focus on Body Composition methodology. Specifically, our attention is aimed at estimates of Body fatness. An overview is first provided of the five-level model of Body Composition as it relates to measures of fatness. We then provide general concepts related to techniques for estimating Body Composition. Finally, we briefly discuss the measurement of adipose tissue distribution.
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Human Body Composition: advances in models and methods
Annual Review of Nutrition, 1997Co-Authors: Steven B Heymsfield, Zimian Wang, Richard N. Baumgartner, Robert RossAbstract:▪ Abstract The field of human Body Composition research is reaching a mature stage in its development: The three interconnected areas that define Body Composition research—models and their rules, methodology, and biological effects—are well-defined and are actively investigated by scientists in diverse disciplines from many different nations; and methods are available for measuring all major atomic, molecular, cellular, and tissue-system level Body Composition components in research, clinical, and epidemiological settings. This review summarizes main Body Composition research concepts, examines new component-measurement methodologies, and identifies potential areas of future research.
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human Body Composition
1996Co-Authors: Alex F Roche, Steven B Heymsfield, Timothy G LohmanAbstract:Part 1 Measurement and prediction methods: densitometry, S.B. Going hydrometry, D.A. Schoeller whole Body counting and neutron activation analysis, K.J. Ellis dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, T.G. Lohman electrical impedance and total Body electrical conductivity, R.N. Baumgartner estimation of muscle mass, H.C. Lukaski multicomponent molecular-level models of Body Composition analysis , S.B. Heymsfield, Zi-Mian Wang, R.T. Withers imaging techniques applied to the measurement of human Body Composition, J-P. Despres, R. Ross, S. Lemieux anthropometry and ultrasound, A.F. Roche statistical methods for the development and testing of predictive equations, S.S. Guo, W.C. Chumlea. Part 2 Findings: total Body Composition - birth to old age, M. D. Van Loan regional Body Composition - age, sex and ethnic variation, R.M. Malina Body Composition in athletes, W.E. Sinning Body Composition in weight loss and pathological states, K.N. Jeejeebhoy. Part 3 Influencing factors and relationships to disease: exercise training and Body Composition changes, D.L. Ballor genetic influences on human Body Composition and physique, C. Bouchard hormonal influences on human Body Composition, P. Bjoerntorp, S. Eden relationships of total and regional Body Composition to morbidity and mortality, J.C. Seidell.
Herman Coppenolle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Body Composition in bulimia nervosa patients compared to healthy females
European Journal of Nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Michel Probst, Marina Goris, Walter Vandereycken, Guido Pieters, Johan Vanderlinden, Herman CoppenolleAbstract:Objective: In contrast to anorexia nervosa there is a lack of research on Body Composition in bulimia nervosa patients. The aim of the study was to examine the Body Composition in underweight, normal-weight and overweight bulimia nervosa patients in comparison with healthy sedentary females, to assess the changes in Body Composition and subcutaneous fat after five months treatment, and to analyze the relation between Body Composition variables. Design: The Body Composition of 138 female bulimia nervosa patients and 188 healthy sedentary females was studied using underwater weighing and skinfold measurements. Results: A good agreement was found between the results obtained by underwater weighing and skinfold measurements. Normal-weight bulimics and control subjects did not differ significantly in Body Composition. In comparison with healthy controls, underweight and overweight bulimics showed a lower or higher percentage Body fat, respectively. In underweight bulimics the fat mass increased after five months of treatment, whereas it decreased in normal-weight and overweight patients in comparison with control subjects. In bulimics more significant relations between Body Composition variables were found than in the controls. Conclusion: Body Composition of bulimia nervosa patients may show great differences related to their (varying) Body weight. Future research should take the patients’ Body weight into account.
