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Kandikere R. Sridhar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bioactive Profile of Edible Ripened Split Beans of Three Wild Landraces of Coastal Canavalia
Plant and Human Health Volume 2, 2019Co-Authors: Suvarna J. Shreelalitha, Prabhavathi Supriya, Kandikere R. SridharAbstract:The coastal dwellers of Southwest India consume ripened split beans of wild legumes Canavalia cathartica and C. maritima as nutritional source. Removal of seed coat and testa of ripened beans followed by pressure-cooking eliminates antinutritional factors substantially without impinging antioxidant or health-promoting potential. This study compares bioactive potential of uncooked and pressure-cooked ripened split beans of three landraces of Canavalia of southwest coast of India. Contents of total phenolics, tannins, and orthodihydric phenols in ripened split beans of all landraces were substantially lowered on cooking. Uncooked and cooked ripened split beans were devoid of trypsin inhibition activity, while hemagglutinin activity was completely eliminated in all landraces except for O+ blood group in C. maritima of coastal sand dune (decreased to one-third). Pressure-cooking decreased the bioactive components to ideal concentration to serve as nutraceuticals and antioxidants, which has potential implications on human health. Overall, the ripened split beans of coastal landraces of wild Canavalia are a rich nutritional source with potential bioactive components which serve as future nutritional health food commodity and warrant further insight on domestication for sustainable exploitation.
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antioxidant activity of raw cooked and rhizopus oligosporus fermented beans of Canavalia of coastal sand dunes of southwest india
Journal of Food Science and Technology-mysore, 2014Co-Authors: Vedavyas R Niveditha, Kandikere R. SridharAbstract:The raw and processed (cooked and cooked + solid-state fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus) split beans of two landraces of coastal sand dune wild legumes (Canavalia cathartica and Canavalia maritima) of the southwest coast of India were examined for bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins and vitamin C) and antioxidant potential (total antioxidant activity, ferrous-ion chelating capacity, DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and reducing activity). One-way ANOVA revealed significant elevation of bioactive compounds as well as antioxidant activities in fermented beans compared to raw and cooked beans in both legumes (p < 0.001). The EC50 values in fermented beans of both legumes were significantly lowest compared to raw and cooked beans (p < 0.001). In principal component analysis, total phenolics along with antioxidant activities (total antioxidant, ferrous-ion chelating and free radical-scavenging activities) of fermented beans of C. cathartica, while total antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of fermented beans of C. maritima were clustered. The present study demonstrated that split beans of coastal sand dune Canavalia fermented by R. oligosporus endowed with high bioactive principles as well as antioxidant potential and thus serve as future nutraceutical source.
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Impact of Electron Beam Irradiation on Fatty Acid Profile of Canavalia Seeds
Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Prabhavathi Supriya, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Soora Nareshkumar, S. GaneshAbstract:The present study provided an evidence for selective changes of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of Canavalia seeds and the low doses of electron beam irradiation (EBI; 2.5 and 5 kGy) serve as hormetic doses for selective enhancement of fatty acids. The total lipids and FAMEs of irradiated Canavalia cathartica and Canavalia maritima seeds of the coastal sand dunes of Southwest India were assessed using soxhlet extraction and chloroform–methanol–water extraction (Bligh and Dyer) methods followed by gas chromatography. As the EBI dose increased, total lipid extraction decreased by soxhlet method in seeds of C. cathartica, while it was reverse in C. maritima. Among the doses, 5 and 10 kGy resulted in the highest extraction of lipid by the Bligh and Dyer method in C. maritima and C. cathartica, respectively. A great variation in FAMEs profile of Canavalia seeds subjected to EBI was seen by the soxhlet and Bligh and Dyer methods of extraction. The EBI increased saturated fatty acids in both the seeds. The unsaturated fatty acids were decreased by EBI based on the soxhlet extraction (except for 15 kGy in C. maritima), while a dose-dependent increase was shown by the Bligh and Dyer method on attaining the highest at the doses 5 kGy (C. maritima) and 10 kGy (C. cathartica). The changes in medium chain fatty acids, long chain saturated fatty acids, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and ratios of fatty acids were dependent on the seed material, the dose EBI, and the method of extraction.
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ASSEMBLAGE AND DIVERSITY OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH MANGROVE WILD LEGUME Canavalia cathartica
Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 2009Co-Authors: Dorothy D. Anita, Kandikere R. SridharAbstract:Resumen en: Assemblage and diversity of fungi in five tissues (root, stem, leaf, pod and seed) of mangrove wild legume Canavalia cathartica on surface sterilization ...
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Biochemical and protein quality evaluation of tender pods of wild legume Canavalia cathartica of coastal sand dunes
2008Co-Authors: B Bhagya, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:The wild legume, Canavalia cathartica is widely distributed on the coastal sand dunes of southwest coast of India. It is one of the major nitrogen fixing sand-binding creeper with high nutritional value. Raw and pressure-cooked tender pods of Canavalia cathartica were evaluated for biochemical composition and protein qualities in comparison with raw and pressure-cooked ripened beans. The pods are rich in protein (18.6-21.7%) and fiber (15.7-17.3%). Potassium, magnesium, zinc and manganese meet the recommended pattern of NRC/NAS for infants. Globulins were the major protein fractions (5.6-6.6%), while starch among the carbohydrates (33.2-49.2%). Sulphur-amino acids were limiting among the essential amino acids. Threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine + phenylalanine and lysine of pods fulfill the FAO/WHO/UNU requirements for adults. Pods consist of all essential fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acid). Trypsin inhibitor activity was absent and pressure-cooking decreased the total phenolics, orthodihydric phenols, tannins and phytohemagglutination activity. On feeding rats with raw and cooked pod diets, the latter showed an increase in protein efficiency ratio (PER), net protein retention (NPR) and protein retention efficiency (PRE), true digestibility (TD), biological value (BV) and net protein utilization (NPU). In vitro starch digestibility doubled on pressure-cooking. This is the first detailed investigation on the nutritional, antinutritional and protein quality evaluation of Canavalia cathartica tender pods of coastal sand dunes. The pods of Canavalia cathartica may meet the protein and energy requirement of rural population and livestock on judicious application of methods to overcome the toxic features.
Benildo Sousa Cavada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Canavalia lectins on Acute Inflammation in Sensitized and Non-sensitized Rats
Inflammation, 2013Co-Authors: Nilson Vieira Pinto, Benildo Sousa Cavada, Lucas Ferreira Brito, Ronniery Ilario Pereira, Mayara Torquato Lima Silva, Rondinelle Ribeiro Castro, Alana De Freitas Pires, Ana Maria Sampaio AssreuyAbstract:The anti-inflammatory activity of Canavalia seed lectins (Canavalia gladiata [CGL], Canavalia maritima [ConM] and Canavalia brasiliensis [ConBr]) was evaluated by intravenous administration in rats. In non-sensitized rats, cellular edema elicited by carrageenan was reduced (45–51 %) by ConM and (44–59 %) by CGL. Osmotic edema elicited by dextran was reduced by ConM and CGL in 27 % and 29 %. ConM and CGL reduced the edema elicited by l-arginine in 53 % and that of prostaglandin E2 in 48 % and 36 %. Leukocyte migration elicited by carrageenan was reduced in 49 % by ConM and in 55 % by CGL (attenuated in 4× by glucose) and peritoneal TNF-α content in 82 %. In rats sensitized, ConM inhibited the paw edema and leukocyte migration elicited by ovalbumin in 34 % and 70 %. ConM and CGL are anti-inflammatory, mainly in cellular events mediated by prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide and TNF-α in non-sensitized rats. However, only ConM is anti-inflammatory in sensitized rats. CGL effect involves the lectin domain.
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Vasodilator effects of Diocleinae lectins from the Canavalia genus
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy, Alana De Freitas Pires, Sabrina Rodrigues Fontenele, Débora Costa Fernandes, Natália Velloso Fontenelle C. Rodrigues, Eduardo Henrique Salviano Bezerra, Tales Rocha Moura, Kyria Santiago Nascimento, Benildo Sousa CavadaAbstract:This study investigated and compared vascular actions of leguminous lectins obtained from the Canavalia genus ( Canavalia brasiliensis , Canavalia gladiata , and Canavalia maritima ) in the rat models of paw edema and isolated aorta. Paw edema was induced by subcutaneous injection of lectins (0.01–1 mg/kg) in animals pre-treated or not with indomethacin or L-NAME. In isolated aorta, cumulative concentration curves of C. gladiata or C. brasiliensis (1–100 µg/ml) were performed at the contraction plateau induced by phenylephrine or at tissue basal tonus. The mechanism of the lectin relaxant action was investigated by previous addition of L-NAME, indomethacin, or tetraethylammonium. In both models, the lectin domain involvement was evaluated by incubation of lectins with their ligand and non-ligand sugars. The lectins induced paw edema paralleled by protein leakage. The edematogenic activity elicited by C. gladiata and C. brasiliensis involves prostaglandins and nitric oxide (NO), while that of C. maritima occurs without NO interference. C. gladiata and C. brasiliensis elicited aorta relaxation involving NO and prostacyclin, while that of C. gladiata included EDHF. All lectin effects were prevented by their binding sugars. The present study demonstrated important vasodilator effects of different degrees and mechanisms in vivo and in vitro of Canavalia lectins. In vivo, the edematogenic activity was paralleled by plasma exudation, and in vitro, aorta relaxation was strictly dependent on intact endothelium. All effects occurred via interaction with lectin domains and participation of NO and/or prostanoids.
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structural analysis of Canavalia maritima and Canavalia gladiata lectins complexed with different dimannosides new insights into the understanding of the structure biological activity relationship in legume lectins
Journal of Structural Biology, 2007Co-Authors: G A Bezerra, Taiana M Oliveira, Frederico Bruno Mendes Batista Moreno, Raquel Guimaraes Benevides, Emmanuel P Souza, B A M Rocha, Plinio Delatorre, Walter Filgueira De Azevedo, Benildo Sousa CavadaAbstract:Abstract Plant lectins, especially those purified from species of the Leguminosae family, represent the best studied group of carbohydrate-binding proteins. The legume lectins from Diocleinae subtribe are highly similar proteins that present significant differences in the potency/efficacy of their biological activities. The structural studies of the interactions between lectins and sugars may clarify the origin of the distinct biological activities observed in this high similar class of proteins. In this way, this work presents a crystallographic study of the ConM and CGL (agglutinins from Canavalia maritima and Canavalia gladiata , respectively) in the following complexes: ConM/CGL:Man(α1-2)Man(α1- O )Me, ConM/CGL:Man(α1-3)Man(α1- O )Me and ConM/CGL:Man(α1-4)Man(α1- O )Me, which crystallized in different conditions and space group from the native proteins. The structures were solved by molecular replacement, presenting satisfactory values for R factor and R free . Comparisons between ConM, CGL and ConA ( Canavalia ensiformis lectin) binding mode with the dimannosides in subject, presented different interactions patterns, which may account for a structural explanation of the distincts biological properties observed in the lectins of Diocleinae subtribe.
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Purification and partial characterization of a lectin from Canavalia grandiflora benth. seeds.
Protein and Peptide Letters, 2002Co-Authors: Vânia Marilande Ceccatto, Frederico Bruno Mendes Batista Moreno, Benildo Sousa Cavada, Edson P. Nunes, Edson Holanda Teixeira, Nádia Accioly Pinto Nogueira, M. B. Grangeiro, Alexandre Holanda Sampaio, Maria A.o. Alves, Márcio V. RamosAbstract:A D-glucose/D-mannose specific lectin from seeds of Canavalia grandiflora (ConGF) was purified by affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-50. By SDS-PAGE ConGF yielded three protein bands with apparent molecular masses of 29-30 kDa (alpha chain), 16-18 kDa (beta fragment) and 12-13 kDa (gamma fragment), like other related lectins from the genus Canavalia (Leguminosae). ConGF strongly agglutinates rabbit erythrocytes, has a high content of ASP and SER, and its N-terminal sequence (30 residues) is highly similar to the sequences of other related lectins from subtribe Diocleinae.
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MOLECULAR CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CONBR, THE LECTIN OF Canavalia BRASILIENSIS SEEDS
FEBS Journal, 1997Co-Authors: Thalles B. Grangeiro, Albert Schriefer, Juan J. Calvete, Manfred Raida, Claus Urbanke, Manoel Barral-netto, Benildo Sousa CavadaAbstract:ConBr, a lectin isolated from Canavalia brusiliensis seeds, shares with other legume plant lectins from the genus Canavaliu (Diocleinae subtribe) primary carbohydrate recognition specificity for D-mannose and D-glucose. However, ConBr exerts different biological effects than concanavalin A, the lectin of Canavalia ensiformis seeds, regarding induction of rat paw edema, peritoneal macrophage spreading in mouse, and in vitro human lymphocyte stimulation. The primary structure of ConBr was established by cDNA cloning, amino acid sequencing, and mass spectrometry. The 237-amino-acid sequence of ConBr displays Ser/Thr heterogeneity at position 96, indicating the existence of two isoforms. The mature Canavalia brasiliensis lectin monomer consists of a mixture of predominantly full-length polypeptide (a-chain) and a small proportion of fragments 1-118 (J-chain) and 119-237 (y-chain). Although ConBr isolectins and concanavalin A differ only in residues at positions 58, 70, and 96, ConBr monomers associate into dimers and tetramers in a different pH-dependent manner than those of concanavalin A. The occurrence of glycine at position 58 does not allow formation of the hydrogen bond that in the concanavalin A tetramer exists between Asp58 of subunit A and Sec62 of subunit C. The consequence is that the a carbons of the corresponding residues in ConBr are 1.5 A closer that in concanavalin A, and ConBr adopts a more open quaternary structure than concanavalin A. Our data support the hypothesis that substitution of amino acids located at the subunit interface of structurally related lectins of the same protein family can lead to different quaternary conformations that may account for their different biological activities.
Sahadevan Seena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biochemical and protein quality evaluation of tender pods of wild legume Canavalia cathartica of coastal sand dunes
2008Co-Authors: B Bhagya, Kandikere R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:The wild legume, Canavalia cathartica is widely distributed on the coastal sand dunes of southwest coast of India. It is one of the major nitrogen fixing sand-binding creeper with high nutritional value. Raw and pressure-cooked tender pods of Canavalia cathartica were evaluated for biochemical composition and protein qualities in comparison with raw and pressure-cooked ripened beans. The pods are rich in protein (18.6-21.7%) and fiber (15.7-17.3%). Potassium, magnesium, zinc and manganese meet the recommended pattern of NRC/NAS for infants. Globulins were the major protein fractions (5.6-6.6%), while starch among the carbohydrates (33.2-49.2%). Sulphur-amino acids were limiting among the essential amino acids. Threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine + phenylalanine and lysine of pods fulfill the FAO/WHO/UNU requirements for adults. Pods consist of all essential fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acid). Trypsin inhibitor activity was absent and pressure-cooking decreased the total phenolics, orthodihydric phenols, tannins and phytohemagglutination activity. On feeding rats with raw and cooked pod diets, the latter showed an increase in protein efficiency ratio (PER), net protein retention (NPR) and protein retention efficiency (PRE), true digestibility (TD), biological value (BV) and net protein utilization (NPU). In vitro starch digestibility doubled on pressure-cooking. This is the first detailed investigation on the nutritional, antinutritional and protein quality evaluation of Canavalia cathartica tender pods of coastal sand dunes. The pods of Canavalia cathartica may meet the protein and energy requirement of rural population and livestock on judicious application of methods to overcome the toxic features.
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Nutritional and microbiological features of little known legumes, Canavalia cathartica Thouars and C. maritima Thouars of the southwest coast of India
Current Science, 2006Co-Authors: Sahadevan Seena, Kandikere R. SridharAbstract:There is an alarming demand for inventory as well as exploitation of the indigenous plant wealth of India. Canavalia cathartica and Canavalia maritima are the two little known wild legumes distributed widely on the coastal sand dunes and mangrove areas of the southwest coast of India. Over a decade, the Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Karnataka is involved in unravelling the importance of the coastal germplasm of Canavalia spp. with a view to exploit their potential for nutritional and agricultural needs. The current article emphasizes the biochemical features (proximal, mineral, amino acids, fatty acids and antinutritional features) and bioavailability of protein (growth and nitrogen balance in rat model) of raw and thermally processed Canavalia seeds. Nutritional features of Canavalia seeds have been compared with other food sources (rice, wheat, soybean and whole egg) and recommended patterns (FAO/WHO and NRC/ NAS). Further, the potential of stress-tolerant rhizobia and fungi (arbuscular mycorrhizae and endophytes) of these two germplasms have been highlighted. Importance of landraces of Canavalia in coastal sand-dune stabilization, traditional knowledge and utility in agriculture has been briefly discussed.
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nutritional and antinutritional significance of four unconventional legumes of the genus Canavalia a comparative study
Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: K. R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:Developing countries are under the clutch of malnutrition due to a lack of protein rich food. Protein supply can be broadened by exploration and exploitation of alternative legume sources. Even though many wild legume landraces have been identified, their utilization is limited due to insufficient attention. Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia maritima and Canavalia cathartica are the common under-exploited legume species having the potential to be a rich protein source. This review envisages a comparative account of nutritional, antinutritional and functional properties and emphasizes the various methods employed in seed processing of Canavalia spp. The current study helps in understanding the nutritional and antinutritional versatility/potential of four Canavalia spp., thereby developing future strategies for optimum utilization.
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Nutritional and antinutritional significance of four unconventional legumes of the genus Canavalia – A comparative study
Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: K. R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:Developing countries are under the clutch of malnutrition due to a lack of protein rich food. Protein supply can be broadened by exploration and exploitation of alternative legume sources. Even though many wild legume landraces have been identified, their utilization is limited due to insufficient attention. Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia maritima and Canavalia cathartica are the common under-exploited legume species having the potential to be a rich protein source. This review envisages a comparative account of nutritional, antinutritional and functional properties and emphasizes the various methods employed in seed processing of Canavalia spp. The current study helps in understanding the nutritional and antinutritional versatility/potential of four Canavalia spp., thereby developing future strategies for optimum utilization.
K. R. Sridhar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Agrobotanical traits of wild legumes Canavalia on the coastal sand dunes
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2013Co-Authors: M. D'cunha, K. R. SridharAbstract:Due to lack of systematic account of agrobotanical traits of Canavalia spp. distributed in the coastal sand dunes, this paper deals withgrowth parameters, leaf morphology, chlorophyll content, floral features, and pod and seed characteristics of C. maritima and C. cathartica of coastal sand dunes of southwest coast of India. Seeds of Canavalia of Southwest coast of India possess adequate proteins, fibre, low levels of fatty acids and endowed with many bioactive compounds. Besides preventing coastal soil erosion, Canavalia serve as cover crop and fix nitrogen by indigenous rhizobia in coastal regions. Although they are traditionally used in agriculture, food and medicine, it is yet to be domesticated. For conservation and profitable use, it is necessary to enhance our knowledge on systematic agrobotanical features, ethnobotanical aspects and traditional values of Canavaliagermplasms, accessions and landraces distributed in different geographical and ecological niches of the coastal habitats.
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Composition and nutritive value of tender pods ofmangrove wild legume Canavalia cathartica of southwest coastof india
Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 2007Co-Authors: B Bhagya, K. R. SridharAbstract:Raw and pressure-cooked tender pods of mangrove wild legume Canavalia cathartica of southwest India were evaluated for proximate and mineral composition, ...
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nutritional and antinutritional significance of four unconventional legumes of the genus Canavalia a comparative study
Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: K. R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:Developing countries are under the clutch of malnutrition due to a lack of protein rich food. Protein supply can be broadened by exploration and exploitation of alternative legume sources. Even though many wild legume landraces have been identified, their utilization is limited due to insufficient attention. Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia maritima and Canavalia cathartica are the common under-exploited legume species having the potential to be a rich protein source. This review envisages a comparative account of nutritional, antinutritional and functional properties and emphasizes the various methods employed in seed processing of Canavalia spp. The current study helps in understanding the nutritional and antinutritional versatility/potential of four Canavalia spp., thereby developing future strategies for optimum utilization.
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Nutritional and antinutritional significance of four unconventional legumes of the genus Canavalia – A comparative study
Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: K. R. Sridhar, Sahadevan SeenaAbstract:Developing countries are under the clutch of malnutrition due to a lack of protein rich food. Protein supply can be broadened by exploration and exploitation of alternative legume sources. Even though many wild legume landraces have been identified, their utilization is limited due to insufficient attention. Canavalia gladiata, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia maritima and Canavalia cathartica are the common under-exploited legume species having the potential to be a rich protein source. This review envisages a comparative account of nutritional, antinutritional and functional properties and emphasizes the various methods employed in seed processing of Canavalia spp. The current study helps in understanding the nutritional and antinutritional versatility/potential of four Canavalia spp., thereby developing future strategies for optimum utilization.
Y Narayana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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210po bioaccumulation in coastal sand dune wild legumes Canavalia spp of southwest coast of india
Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2005Co-Authors: Rajeev Bhat, Kandikere R. Sridhar, K M Rajashekara, Y NarayanaAbstract:In view of considerable natural background radioactivity reported from southwest coast of India, the current study documents bioaccumulation of 210Po in two dominant coastal sand dune perennial mat-forming wild legumes, Canavalia cathartica and C. maritima. Root, stem, leaf, mature beans, dry seeds and rhizosphere sand were analyzed for 210Po concentration. 210Po activity decreased in the order of leaves > roots > seeds > stems > beans. The highest 210Po activity was recorded in rhizosphere sand samples (5.78-5.88 Bq kg(-1)) followed by the leaf samples (3.27-3.07 Bq kg(-1)), while it was lowest in mature beans (0.13-0.20 Bq kg(-1)). 210Po activities or tissue moisture between plant species were not significantly different (p > 0.05; t-test). But 210Po activity vs. moisture differed significantly in all tissues (p = 0.0001), vegetative tissues (root, stem and leaf) (p = 0.0016), seeds (p = 0.0393) and proteins in seeds (p = 2.355 x 10(-6)) indicating the importance of moisture and protein in 210Po accumulation. Although 210Po has affinity for proteins, it did not concentrate too much in seed proteins of Canavalia. Concentration of 210Po in mature beans is at safe levels as fisher folk only consume tender pods occasionally. 210Po activity in Canavalia is compared with other plant materials. As the landraces of C. cathartica and C. maritima are distributed throughout pantropical coastal areas, the current study emphasizes on considering them as bioindicators to monitor 210Po in coastal sand dune biomes and in turn the health of coastal population.
