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P Abadcampos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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survey identification and characterization of Cylindrocarpon like asexual morphs in spanish forest nurseries
Plant Disease, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Morasala, Joan Armengol, Ana Cabral, Maela Leon, Carlos Agustibrisach, P AbadcamposAbstract:Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs infect herbaceous and woody plants, mainly in agricultural scenarios, but also in forestry systems. The aim of the present study was to characterize a collection of Cylindrocarpon-like isolates recovered from the roots of a broad range of forest hosts from nurseries showing decline by morphological and molecular studies. Between 2009 and 2012, 17 forest nurseries in Spain were surveyed and a total of 103 Cylindrocarpon-like isolates were obtained. Isolates were identified based on DNA sequences of the partial gene regions histone H3 (his3). For the new species, the internal transcribed spacer and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) region, β-tubulin (tub2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) were also used to determine their phylogenetic position. Twelve species belonging to the genera Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria, and Ilyonectria were identified from damaged roots of 15 different host genera. The species C. alicantinum, D. macrodidyma, D. novozelandica, D. pauciseptata, D. pinicola, D. torresensis, I. capensis, I. cyclaminicola, I. liriodendri, I. pseudodestructans, I. robusta, and I. rufa were identified. In addition, two Dactylonectria species (D. hispanica sp. nov. and D. valentina sp. nov.), one Ilyonectria species (I. ilicicola sp. nov.), and one Neonectria species (N. quercicola sp. nov.) are newly described. The present study demonstrates the prevalence of this fungal group associated with seedlings of diverse hosts showing decline symptoms in forest nurseries in Spain.
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effect of hot water treatments in vitro on conidial germination and mycelial growth of grapevine trunk pathogens
Annals of Applied Biology, 2010Co-Authors: David Gramaje, P Abadcampos, Sandra Alaniz, Javier Garciajimenez, Joan ArmengolAbstract:In this study, the sensitivity of Cadophora luteo-olivacea, Cylindrocarpon liriodendri, Cn. macrodidymum and eight species of the genus Phaeoacremonium to hot-water treatments (HWTs) in vitro was evaluated. Conidial suspensions and plugs of agar with mycelia were placed in Eppendorf vials and incubated for 30, 45 or 60 min in a hot-water bath at 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 or 49°C for Cylindrocarpon spp. and at 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 or 55°C for Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. In general, conidial germination and the colony growth rate of all pathogens decreased with increased temperature and time combinations. Cylindrocarpon spp. were more sensitive than Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. to HWT temperatures. Conidial germination of Ca. luteo-olivacea was inhibited by treatments above 51°C-30 min, while treatments up to 54°C-60 min were necessary to inhibit the mycelial growth. For Cylindrocarpon spp., conidial germination was inhibited by treatments above 45°C-45 min, while treatments above 48°C-45 min were necessary to inhibit the mycelial growth. Regarding Phaeoacremonium spp., treatments up to 54°C-60 min were necessary to completely inhibit both conidial germination and mycelial growth. These results suggest that current HWT protocols at 50°C for 30 min may be sufficient to control Cylindrocarpon spp. However, it would be necessary to develop HWT using higher temperatures to reduce the incidence of Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. infections.
Joan Armengol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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survey identification and characterization of Cylindrocarpon like asexual morphs in spanish forest nurseries
Plant Disease, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Morasala, Joan Armengol, Ana Cabral, Maela Leon, Carlos Agustibrisach, P AbadcamposAbstract:Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs infect herbaceous and woody plants, mainly in agricultural scenarios, but also in forestry systems. The aim of the present study was to characterize a collection of Cylindrocarpon-like isolates recovered from the roots of a broad range of forest hosts from nurseries showing decline by morphological and molecular studies. Between 2009 and 2012, 17 forest nurseries in Spain were surveyed and a total of 103 Cylindrocarpon-like isolates were obtained. Isolates were identified based on DNA sequences of the partial gene regions histone H3 (his3). For the new species, the internal transcribed spacer and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) region, β-tubulin (tub2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) were also used to determine their phylogenetic position. Twelve species belonging to the genera Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria, and Ilyonectria were identified from damaged roots of 15 different host genera. The species C. alicantinum, D. macrodidyma, D. novozelandica, D. pauciseptata, D. pinicola, D. torresensis, I. capensis, I. cyclaminicola, I. liriodendri, I. pseudodestructans, I. robusta, and I. rufa were identified. In addition, two Dactylonectria species (D. hispanica sp. nov. and D. valentina sp. nov.), one Ilyonectria species (I. ilicicola sp. nov.), and one Neonectria species (N. quercicola sp. nov.) are newly described. The present study demonstrates the prevalence of this fungal group associated with seedlings of diverse hosts showing decline symptoms in forest nurseries in Spain.
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effect of hot water treatments in vitro on conidial germination and mycelial growth of grapevine trunk pathogens
Annals of Applied Biology, 2010Co-Authors: David Gramaje, P Abadcampos, Sandra Alaniz, Javier Garciajimenez, Joan ArmengolAbstract:In this study, the sensitivity of Cadophora luteo-olivacea, Cylindrocarpon liriodendri, Cn. macrodidymum and eight species of the genus Phaeoacremonium to hot-water treatments (HWTs) in vitro was evaluated. Conidial suspensions and plugs of agar with mycelia were placed in Eppendorf vials and incubated for 30, 45 or 60 min in a hot-water bath at 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 or 49°C for Cylindrocarpon spp. and at 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 or 55°C for Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. In general, conidial germination and the colony growth rate of all pathogens decreased with increased temperature and time combinations. Cylindrocarpon spp. were more sensitive than Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. to HWT temperatures. Conidial germination of Ca. luteo-olivacea was inhibited by treatments above 51°C-30 min, while treatments up to 54°C-60 min were necessary to inhibit the mycelial growth. For Cylindrocarpon spp., conidial germination was inhibited by treatments above 45°C-45 min, while treatments above 48°C-45 min were necessary to inhibit the mycelial growth. Regarding Phaeoacremonium spp., treatments up to 54°C-60 min were necessary to completely inhibit both conidial germination and mycelial growth. These results suggest that current HWT protocols at 50°C for 30 min may be sufficient to control Cylindrocarpon spp. However, it would be necessary to develop HWT using higher temperatures to reduce the incidence of Ca. luteo-olivacea and Phaeoacremonium spp. infections.
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occurrence of fungal pathogens associated with grapevine nurseries and the decline of young vines in spain
Journal of Phytopathology, 2006Co-Authors: A Gimenezjaime, Javier Garciajimenez, Angeles Aroca, Rosa Raposo, Joan ArmengolAbstract:The occurrence of fungal grapevine trunk pathogens associated with grapevine nurseries and the decline of young vines in Spain was determined in extensive surveys conducted in nurseries and vineyards with young plants. The presence of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, Cylindrocarpon spp., Botryosphaeria obtusa and Botryosphaeria spp. was detected in all the surveys that were carried out. This study provides evidence for the presence of these pathogens in Spanish grapevine nurseries. Cylindrocarpon spp., B. obtusa and Botryosphaeria spp., were isolated very early in the planting material production process, nevertheless, P. aleophilum and P. chlamydospora were not detected until the rootstock–scion combinations were planted in the field to develop shoots and roots during summer. The occurrence of trunk disease pathogens in symptomatic young vineyards was also high, suggesting that infected plant material might have been used. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and P. aleophilum were the main species associated with the decline of young vines, followed by Botryosphaeria spp., Cylindrocarpon spp. and B. obtusa. This research confirmed the importance of fungal grapevine trunk pathogens associated with the decline of young vineyards in Spain and suggested the connection between the presence of these fungi in the nurseries and the disease in the fields.
Priscila Chaverri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The genus Thelonectria (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and closely related species with Cylindrocarpon-like asexual states
Fungal Diversity, 2016Co-Authors: Catalina Salgado-salazar, Amy Y. Rossman, Priscila ChaverriAbstract:The genus Thelonectria and closely related species with Cylindrocarpon-like asexual states are a group of perithecial ascomycetes in the family Nectriaceae that occur as saprobes and in few cases as pathogens of hardwood trees, shrubs or other plants. Although a key component of forest ecosystems around the world, species relationships and distributions of these fungi are largely unknown. The objectives of this study were to: 1) infer species rank phylogenetic relationships of the genus Thelonectria and closely related species with Cylindrocarpon-like asexual states and test the monophyly of each of the groups studied; 2) delimit taxa establishing taxon circumscriptions; 3) resolve nomenclatural issues by identifying redundantly used names and synonyms; and 4) provide an updated outline to the genus, geographical distributions data and identification tools, specifically diagnostic keys and molecular data that can be used as molecular barcodes. The recovered consensus phylogeny resulted in a narrow circumscription of the genus Thelonectria , based on the type T. discophora , excluding one of the common species T. jungneri . According to the phylogenetic analyses, T. jungneri belongs in a segregate clade that should be recognized as a different genus. In the genus Thelonectria , a total of four new species and three new combinations are recognized. Additionally, three new genera, closely related to Thelonectria , are described to accommodate species displaying a morphological resemblance to those of Thelonectria : Cinnamomeonectria gen. nov. with C. cinnamomea as type species, Macronectria gen. nov. with M. jungneri as type species and including four additional newly described species, and Tumenectria gen. nov. with T. laetidisca as type species.
Maela Leon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of Sown Cover Crops and Spontaneous Weed Flora as a Potential Reservoir of Black-Foot Pathogens in Organic Viticulture
'MDPI AG', 2021Co-Authors: Maela Leon, Mónica Berbegal, Paloma Abad-campos, Antonio Ramón-albalat, Tito Caffi, Vittorio Rossi, Gultakin Hasanaliyeva, Pierre Antoine Noceto, Daniel Wipf, Saša ŠircaAbstract:(1) Background. An extensive survey of grapevine-sown cover crops and spontaneous weed flora was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in organic vineyards in six European countries (France, Italy, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland). Our main objective was to detect and identify the presence of Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs species associated with black-foot disease on their roots. (2) Methods. Fungal isolations from root fragments were performed on culture media. Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morph species were identified by analyzing the DNA sequence data of the histone H3 (his3) gene region. In all, 685 plants belonging to different botanical families and genera were analyzed. Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs were recovered from 68 plants (9.9% of the total) and approximately 0.97% of the plated root fragments. (3) Results. Three fungal species (Dactylonectria alcacerensis, Dactylonectria torresensis, Ilyonectria robusta) were identified. Dactylonectria torresensis was the most frequent, and was isolated from many cover crop species in all six countries. A principal component analysis with the vineyard variables showed that seasonal temperatures and organic matter soil content correlated positively with Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs incidence. (4) Conclusions. The presence of Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs on roots of cover crops suggests that they can potentially act as alternative hosts for long-term survival or to increase inoculum levels in vineyard soils
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survey identification and characterization of Cylindrocarpon like asexual morphs in spanish forest nurseries
Plant Disease, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Morasala, Joan Armengol, Ana Cabral, Maela Leon, Carlos Agustibrisach, P AbadcamposAbstract:Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs infect herbaceous and woody plants, mainly in agricultural scenarios, but also in forestry systems. The aim of the present study was to characterize a collection of Cylindrocarpon-like isolates recovered from the roots of a broad range of forest hosts from nurseries showing decline by morphological and molecular studies. Between 2009 and 2012, 17 forest nurseries in Spain were surveyed and a total of 103 Cylindrocarpon-like isolates were obtained. Isolates were identified based on DNA sequences of the partial gene regions histone H3 (his3). For the new species, the internal transcribed spacer and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) region, β-tubulin (tub2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) were also used to determine their phylogenetic position. Twelve species belonging to the genera Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria, and Ilyonectria were identified from damaged roots of 15 different host genera. The species C. alicantinum, D. macrodidyma, D. novozelandica, D. pauciseptata, D. pinicola, D. torresensis, I. capensis, I. cyclaminicola, I. liriodendri, I. pseudodestructans, I. robusta, and I. rufa were identified. In addition, two Dactylonectria species (D. hispanica sp. nov. and D. valentina sp. nov.), one Ilyonectria species (I. ilicicola sp. nov.), and one Neonectria species (N. quercicola sp. nov.) are newly described. The present study demonstrates the prevalence of this fungal group associated with seedlings of diverse hosts showing decline symptoms in forest nurseries in Spain.
Gary J. Samuels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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delimitation of neonectria and Cylindrocarpon nectriaceae hypocreales ascomycota and related genera with Cylindrocarpon like anamorphs
Studies in Mycology, 2011Co-Authors: C Salgado, Amy Y. Rossman, Yuuri Hirooka, Gary J. SamuelsAbstract:Neonectria is a cosmopolitan genus and it is, in part, defined by its link to the anamorph genus Cylindrocarpon. Neonectria has been divided into informal groups on the basis of combined morphology of anamorph and teleomorph. Previously, Cylindrocarpon was divided into four groups defined by presence or absence of microconidia and chlamydospores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have indicated that Neonectriasensu stricto and Cylindrocarponsensu stricto are phylogenetically congeneric. In addition, morphological and molecular data accumulated over several years have indicated that Neonectria sensu lato and Cylindrocarponsensu lato do not form a monophyletic group and that the respective informal groups may represent distinct genera. In the present work, a multilocus analysis (act, ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1, tub) was applied to representatives of the informal groups to determine their level of phylogenetic support as a first step towards taxonomic revision of Neonectriasensu lato. Results show five distinct highly supported clades that correspond to some extent with the informal Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon groups that are here recognised as genera: (1) N. coccinea-group and Cylindrocarpon groups 1 & 4 (Neonectria/Cylindrocarponsensu stricto); (2) N.rugulosa-group (Rugonectria gen. nov.); (3) N. mammoidea/N. veuillotiana-groups and Cylindrocarpon group 2 (Thelonectria gen. nov.); (4) N. radicicola-group and Cylindrocarpon group 3 (Ilyonectria gen. nov.); and (5) anamorph genus Campylocarpon. Characteristics of the anamorphs and teleomorphs correlate with the five genera, three of which are newly described. New combinations are made for species where their classification is confirmed by phylogenetic data.
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neonectria and Cylindrocarpon the nectria mammoidea group and species lacking microconidia
Mycologia, 2004Co-Authors: David Brayford, Feky R Mantiri, Barry M Honda, Gary J. SamuelsAbstract:Neonectria (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae) species having Cylindrocarpon anamorphs that lack microconidia and chlamydospores include: Neo. discophora var. discophora, Neo. discophora var. rubi, stat nov...
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phylogenetic relationships in neonectria species having Cylindrocarpon anamorphs inferred from mitochondrial ribosomal dna sequences
Botany, 2001Co-Authors: Feky R Mantiri, Gary J. Samuels, James E Rahe, Barry M HondaAbstract:Mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) rDNA sequences elucidated phylogenetic relationships in Neonectria Wollenw. (anamorphs = Cylindrocarpon Wollenw.; Ascomycetes, Hypocreales). Twelve isolates representing seven species in five taxonomically informal groups of Neonectria were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Fusarium inflexum R. Schneid. (teleomorph: Gibberella) and Nectria cinnabarina (Fr.) Fr. (= Nectria s.str.) were outgroups. All of the Neonectria species formed a strongly supported clade with respect to the outgroups, indicating a single ascomycete genus for the holomorphs of Cylindrocarpon. Within the Neonectria clade there were three well-supported subclades that only partially corresponded to phenotype-defined groups. DNA sequence divergence among the twelve Neonectria isolates, 2.3-7.4%, was sufficient to resolve them. The results suggest that the mtSSU rDNA region is appropriate for phylogenetic analysis of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon. The following new combinations are proposed: Neonectria...
