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Sergei A Subbotin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diagnostics of stem and bulb nematodes Ditylenchus weischeri and d dipsaci nematoda anguinidae using pcr with species specific primers
Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology-revue Canadienne De Phytopathologie, 2015Co-Authors: Mehrdad Madani, Mario Tenuta, Vladimir N Chizhov, Sergei A SubbotinAbstract:AbstractThe stem and bulb nematodes of the Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn) Filipjev species complex are obligate endoparasites of various agricultural plants, causing stunting and swelling and resulting in significant economic losses. Recently, a new closely related Ditylenchus species, D. weischeri Chizhov, Borisov and Subbotin, a parasite of the cosmopolitan herbaceous perennial weed, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., was described. Many countries impose quarantine restrictions for the presence of D. dipsaci in imported plant and soil materials. In the current study, we developed PCR with species-specific primers for the rapid and reliable separation of D. weischeri and D. dipsaci using gel electrophoresis and melting curve analysis. Species-specific primer sets were designed based on the nucleotide sequence of the heat shock protein (hsp90) gene for both nematode species. The PCR protocol was verified using samples of D. weischeri, D. dipsaci and the closely related species, D. gigas, which parasitizes broadbean ...
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first report of Ditylenchus dipsaci on garlic in minnesota
Plant Disease, 2012Co-Authors: Dimitre Mollov, Sergei A Subbotin, Carl J RosenAbstract:In the summer of 2011, two independent garlic samples from Morrison and Dakota counties and in 2012 one garlic sample from Carver county in Minnesota were submitted by commercial growers to the University of Minnesota Plant Disease Clinic for disease analyses. Symptoms of the above-ground plant parts were stunting and chlorosis. Symptoms of bulbs were necrosis, underdevelopment, and distortion. Upon microscopic examination, phytonematodes exuded into the surrounding water droplet. Nematodes were present in the protective leaves, abscission zone, and cloves in all submitted bulbs (n = 18) for analyses. Morphometric examination of females, males, and juveniles determined that they were Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes extracted from garlic cloves were fixed in TAF (97 ml formalin [40%], 2 ml triethanolamine, and 91 ml dH2O). Morphological observations and measurements were made under an Olympus BX51 microscope equipped with a Nomarski differential interference contrast. Female (n = 6) measurements were: L = 1...
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Ditylenchus gigas n sp parasitizing broad bean a new stem nematode singled out from the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex using a polyphasic approach with molecular phylogeny
Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicola Vovlas, Sergei A Subbotin, Gracia Liebanas, F. De Luca, Blanca B. Landa, Alberto Troccoli, Juan E Palomaresrius, Pablo CastilloAbstract:Morphologial, biochemical, molecular and karyological analyses of different populations and races of the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci have suggested that it represents a species complex, of which only D. dipsaci sensu stricto and its morphologically larger variant, known as the giant race of the stem and bulb nematode, are plant parasites of economic importance. The present study singles out the giant race from this complex, herein described as a new species named Ditylenchus gigas n. sp., on the basis of morphological and molecular data obtained from several populations collected from broad beans in southern Italy, southern Spain and Lebanon. The new species epithet, which refers to the large body size of the nematode with respect to the normal races, must be considered to be conspecific with the D. dipsaci ‘giant race’ from Fabaceae in recent literature. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by a body size 1AE5‐2 times longer than the ‘normal race’, stylet delicate (11AE5‐13AE0 lm long) with knobs distinctly sloping backwards, and long post-vulval uterine sac (81‐150 lm long). Results of molecular analysis of rDNA sequences including the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, the D2‐D3 fragment of the 28S gene, the small 18S subunit, the partial mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI), and hsp90 gene sequences, support the new taxonomic species status for the former D. dipsaci giant race from Vicia faba, and clearly distinguish D. gigas n. sp. from D. dipsaci sensu stricto.
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Ditylenchus gigas n sp parasitizing broad bean a new stem nematode singled out from the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex using a polyphasic approach with molecular phylogeny
Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicola Vovlas, Sergei A Subbotin, Gracia Liebanas, F. De Luca, Blanca B. Landa, Alberto Troccoli, Juan E Palomaresrius, Pablo CastilloAbstract:Morphologial, biochemical, molecular and karyological analyses of different populations and races of the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci have suggested that it represents a species complex, of which only D. dipsaci sensu stricto and its morphologically larger variant, known as the giant race of the stem and bulb nematode, are plant parasites of economic importance. The present study singles out the giant race from this complex, herein described as a new species named Ditylenchus gigas n. sp., on the basis of morphological and molecular data obtained from several populations collected from broad beans in southern Italy, southern Spain and Lebanon. The new species epithet, which refers to the large body size of the nematode with respect to the normal races, must be considered to be conspecific with the D. dipsaci ‘giant race’ from Fabaceae in recent literature. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by a body size 1AE5‐2 times longer than the ‘normal race’, stylet delicate (11AE5‐13AE0 lm long) with knobs distinctly sloping backwards, and long post-vulval uterine sac (81‐150 lm long). Results of molecular analysis of rDNA sequences including the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, the D2‐D3 fragment of the 28S gene, the small 18S subunit, the partial mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI), and hsp90 gene sequences, support the new taxonomic species status for the former D. dipsaci giant race from Vicia faba, and clearly distinguish D. gigas n. sp. from D. dipsaci sensu stricto.
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molecular diagnostics taxonomy and phylogeny of the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer rdna
Phytopathology, 2005Co-Authors: Sergei A Subbotin, Mehrdad Madani, Dieter Sturhan, Eino L Krall, Maurice MoensAbstract:Subbotin, S. A., Madani, M., Krall, E., Sturhan, D., and Moens, M. 2005. Molecular diagnostics, taxonomy, and phylogeny of the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer-rDNA. Phytopathology 95:1308-1315. The stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci is of great economic importance worldwide as a parasite of agricultural crops and horticultural plants. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA from 23 populations of the D. dipsaci complex from various host plants were amplified and sequenced. Seven previously studied populations were also included in the study. The phylogenetic analysis of the full ITS and ITS2 sequence alignments using minimum evolution, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference under the complex model of DNA evolution revealed trees with two main clades: (i) D. dipsaci sensu stricto with diploid chromosome numbers and comprising most isolates from agricultural, ornamental, and several wild plants, and (ii) Ditylenchus spp. with polyploid chromosome numbers, reproductively isolated from diploid populations, and subdivided into six subclades (“giant race” from Vicia faba, Ditylenchus species parasitizing various Asteraceae, and a Ditylenchus sp. from Plantago maritima). Using the energy minimization approach and comparative sequence analysis, it has been found that the secondary structure of ditylenchid ITS2 is organized in three main domains. The importance of knowledge on the RNA structure for phylogenetic analysis is discussed. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR with SYBR green dye I with a species specific primer have been developed for detection and quantification of D. dipsaci sensu stricto. Validation tests revealed a rather high correlation between real numbers of fourth-stage juveniles of the stem nematodes in a sample and expected numbers detected by real-time PCR. Problems of accuracy of quantification are discussed.
D A Wharton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a surface lipid may control the permeability slump associated with entry into anhydrobiosis in the plant parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2008Co-Authors: D A Wharton, Luigi Petrone, A Duncan, A J McquillanAbstract:The anhydrobiotic plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci undergoes a decrease in permeability (the permeability slump) during the early stages of desiccation and this produces the slow rate of water loss necessary for its survival. There were no changes in annulation spacing, followed in individual nematodes by confocal microscopy, that would account for the permeability slump. Nile Red staining reveals that the surface of the nematode is coated with an extracuticular layer of lipid. This material can be seen in unstained desiccated nematodes where it forms an oil that adheres to the coverslip and to adjacent nematodes. The oily material leaves impressions on the coverslip (cuticle prints) after the nematode has detached upon rehydration. The presence of the surface lipid was confirmed using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. This material was shown to be a triglyceride and the proportion of fatty acids determined, using thin layer and gas chromatography. The production of the surface lipid material may be responsible for the permeability slump observed during the early phases of desiccation and its removal upon immersion in water may explain the paradox that cuticular permeability decreases during the permeability slump and yet desiccated nematodes are more permeable than are fully hydrated nematodes.
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changes in surface features during desiccation of the anhydrobiotic plant parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Tissue & Cell, 2002Co-Authors: D A Wharton, A T MarshallAbstract:The anhydrobiotic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci is a fast-dehydration strategist, itself generating the slow rate of water loss necessary for survival. A permeability slump occurs during the initial phases of desiccation. This may be produced by changes in the nematode's cuticle. Two scanning electron microscopic techniques were used to follow changes in surface structures during desiccation. Freeze substitution and critical-point drying produced artifacts that obscured changes produced by the desiccation of the nematode. Low-temperature field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was successful in following changes that reflected those observed by light microscopy (LM). Significant changes in diameter, the lateral alae, and the cuticular annulations were demonstrated using this technique. Two types of annulations were observed: the major annulations, which extended to meet the margins of the lateral alae, and the minor annulations, which did not. With desiccation the prominence of the annulations increased, their spacing decreased, and the minor annulations extended closer to the margins of the lateral alae. These observations are consistent with the permeability slump resulting from a decrease in the width of the annulation groove and an increase in its depth. However, this requires confirmation using techniques that can follow annulation changes in individual nematodes.
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electrophysiological activity during recovery from anhydrobiosis in fourth stage juveniles of Ditylenchus dipsaci
Nematology, 2000Co-Authors: D A Wharton, R N Rolfe, R.n. PerryAbstract:Upon immersion in water, anhydrobiotic nematodes display a period of apparent inactivity, the lag phase, before they commence spontaneous movement. Following a period of desiccation of the fourth stage juveniles of the plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci, electrical activity during rehydration was recorded using glass microelectrodes inserted into individual nematodes. The pattern observed was a period of no electrical activity, followed by low amplitude electrical events and then also high amplitude events. Movement of the nematode was associated with the high amplitude events, whose recordings formed trains of spikes that coincided with the activity of the nematode. The lag phase represents a period during which the physiological functions of the nerves and muscles are restored. This may involve the restoration of ionic gradients between the inside and the outside of the cells, which is reflected in an increase in spike amplitude in those nematodes where a sustained period of high amplitude activity was recorded. Activite electrophysiologique durant la sortie d'anhydrobiose chez le quatrieme stade juvenile de Ditylenchus dipsaci - Immerges dans l'eau, les nematodes anhydrobiotiques passent par une periode d'inactivite apparente - la phase de latence - avant que des mouvements spontanes ne debutent. Pendant la rehydratation qui suivait une periode de dessication l'activite electrique de juveniles de quatrieme stade de Ditylenchus dipsaci a ete enregistree grâce a des microelectrodes de verre implantees dans le nematode. La courbe observee correspondait a une periode sans activite electrique, suivie par des phenomenes electriques de faible amplitude, combines ensuite a des phenomenes de forte amplitude. Les mouvements des nematodes etaient associes aux phenomenes de forte amplitude dont le trace consiste en une suite de pics coincidant avec l'activite du nematode. La phase de latence correspond a la periode pendant laquelle les fonctions physiologiques nerveuses et musculaires sont restaurees. Cela peut englober la restauration des gradients ioniques a l'interieur et a l'exterieur des cellules, phenomene reflete par une augmentation des pics chez ceux des nematodes ou une periode soutenue d'activite de forte amplitude a ete notee.
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desiccation stress and recovery in the anhydrobiotic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci nematoda anguinidae
European Journal of Entomology, 1999Co-Authors: D A Wharton, O AaldersAbstract:The plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci shows a delay in recovery following a period of desiccation and reimmersion in water. This delay, called the \"lag phase\", has been shown to be related to the severity of desiccation. It is the severity of the desiccation stress during dehydration, rather than the final relative humidity to which the animal is exposed which determines the length of the lag phase. A lag phase appears even after a brief exposure to desiccation. These results indicate that a period of repair, or the restoration of a normal physiological state, must be undertaken before activity can resume.
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ultrastructural changes during desiccation of the anhydrobiotic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Tissue & Cell, 1998Co-Authors: D A Wharton, Joan LemmonAbstract:Abstract Ultrastructural changes during desiccation of the anhydrobiotic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci were followed and quantified after preparation of material at different levels of hydration using freeze substitution techniques. Some shrinkage was caused by processing in the more hydrated specimens but the changes observed correspond to those observed in live nematodes by light microscopy, indicating that the technique is useful for following changes during desiccation. The overall pattern of changes was a rapid decrease in the magnitude of the measured parameter during the first 5 min of desiccation, followed by a slower rate of decrease upon further desiccation. This was observed in the cuticle, the lateral hypodermal cords and the muscle cells and is consistent with the pattern of water loss of the nematode. The contractile region of the muscle cells, however, proved an exception and the muscle fibres appear to resist shrinkage and packing until water loss becomes severe. The mitochondria swell and then shrink during desiccation, which may indicate disruption of the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane. A decrease in the thickness of the cortical zone was the most prominent change in the cuticle and this may be related to the permeability slump which occurs during the first 5 min of desiccation.
Pablo Castillo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ditylenchus gigas n sp parasitizing broad bean a new stem nematode singled out from the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex using a polyphasic approach with molecular phylogeny
Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicola Vovlas, Sergei A Subbotin, Gracia Liebanas, F. De Luca, Blanca B. Landa, Alberto Troccoli, Juan E Palomaresrius, Pablo CastilloAbstract:Morphologial, biochemical, molecular and karyological analyses of different populations and races of the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci have suggested that it represents a species complex, of which only D. dipsaci sensu stricto and its morphologically larger variant, known as the giant race of the stem and bulb nematode, are plant parasites of economic importance. The present study singles out the giant race from this complex, herein described as a new species named Ditylenchus gigas n. sp., on the basis of morphological and molecular data obtained from several populations collected from broad beans in southern Italy, southern Spain and Lebanon. The new species epithet, which refers to the large body size of the nematode with respect to the normal races, must be considered to be conspecific with the D. dipsaci ‘giant race’ from Fabaceae in recent literature. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by a body size 1AE5‐2 times longer than the ‘normal race’, stylet delicate (11AE5‐13AE0 lm long) with knobs distinctly sloping backwards, and long post-vulval uterine sac (81‐150 lm long). Results of molecular analysis of rDNA sequences including the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, the D2‐D3 fragment of the 28S gene, the small 18S subunit, the partial mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI), and hsp90 gene sequences, support the new taxonomic species status for the former D. dipsaci giant race from Vicia faba, and clearly distinguish D. gigas n. sp. from D. dipsaci sensu stricto.
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Ditylenchus gigas n sp parasitizing broad bean a new stem nematode singled out from the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex using a polyphasic approach with molecular phylogeny
Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicola Vovlas, Sergei A Subbotin, Gracia Liebanas, F. De Luca, Blanca B. Landa, Alberto Troccoli, Juan E Palomaresrius, Pablo CastilloAbstract:Morphologial, biochemical, molecular and karyological analyses of different populations and races of the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci have suggested that it represents a species complex, of which only D. dipsaci sensu stricto and its morphologically larger variant, known as the giant race of the stem and bulb nematode, are plant parasites of economic importance. The present study singles out the giant race from this complex, herein described as a new species named Ditylenchus gigas n. sp., on the basis of morphological and molecular data obtained from several populations collected from broad beans in southern Italy, southern Spain and Lebanon. The new species epithet, which refers to the large body size of the nematode with respect to the normal races, must be considered to be conspecific with the D. dipsaci ‘giant race’ from Fabaceae in recent literature. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by a body size 1AE5‐2 times longer than the ‘normal race’, stylet delicate (11AE5‐13AE0 lm long) with knobs distinctly sloping backwards, and long post-vulval uterine sac (81‐150 lm long). Results of molecular analysis of rDNA sequences including the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, the D2‐D3 fragment of the 28S gene, the small 18S subunit, the partial mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI), and hsp90 gene sequences, support the new taxonomic species status for the former D. dipsaci giant race from Vicia faba, and clearly distinguish D. gigas n. sp. from D. dipsaci sensu stricto.
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host parasite relationships in fall sown sugar beets infected by the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: Pablo Castillo, Blanca B. Landa, Nicola Vovlas, Andrea Azpilicueta, Rafael M JimenezdiazAbstract:Stunted growth of fall-sown sugar beets (Beta vulgaris) associated with high incidence of crown-root infections and large soil infestations by Ditylenchus dipsaci were observed at the end of the crop growing season in southern Spain by early June 2005. The largest proportion (75%) of the nematode life-stages in plant and soil was the fourth-stage juvenile. The large number (up to 3,750 nematodes per gram of fresh tissue) of D. dipsaci individuals and severe anatomical alterations observed in storage sugar beet roots suggest that the stem and bulb nematode is the causal agent of the impaired growth of sugar beets observed in commercial fields. Observed morphological traits of nematode specimens and results of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the population of D. dipsaci infecting sugar beet belongs to the normal (nongiant) biological type of the nematode. Results of host-range bioassays indicated that the population of D. dipsaci infecting sugar beet in southern Spain reproduces on pea (including seeds and pods), onion, potato, spinach, and tomato, but not on bean, cotton, maize, and tobacco. These results indicate that D. dipsaci may be an important constraint for sugar beet crops in the affected area, but also for other important crops commonly used in rotation with them.
Elif Yavuzaslanoglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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susceptibility of different plant species to two populations of Ditylenchus dipsaci kuhn 1857 tylenchida anguinidae from turkey
Turkish journal of entomology, 2021Co-Authors: Elif Yavuzaslanoglu, Gamze AksayAbstract:Sogan sak nematodu Ditylenchus dipsac i Kuhn, 1857 (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) dunyanin her yerine yayilmis onemli bitki paraziti nematodlardan biridir. Nematodun kontrolu icin yerel populasyonlarin konukcu spektrumunun bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Yirmi dokuz bitki turunun hassasiyet durumlari Turkiye'de Orta Anadolu Bolgesi’nden elde edilen D. dipsaci 'nin sogan ve sarimsak izolatlari icin Karaman’da 2019 yilinda buyutme dolabi kosullarinda test edilmistir. Sogan, sarimsak ve domates, her iki D. dipsaci populasyonu icin de mukemmel konukcu olarak belirlenmistir. Bezelye ve ispanak, sogan populasyonu icin mukemmel bir konukcu iken, sarimsak populasyonu icin iyi konukcudur. Salatalik her iki populasyon icin de iyi konukcudur. Biber, kabak ve patlican her iki nematod populasyonu icin zayif konukcu olarak tanimlanmistir. Fasulye ve patates bitkileri sogan populasyonu icin zayif konukcu iken, sarimsak populasyonu icin konukcu degildir. Arpa, bugday, cavdar, cilek, havuc, kara lahana, kavun, lale, marul, misir, nergis, nohut, pirasa, sumbul, seker pancari tutun, yonca ve yulaf, her iki nematod populasyonuna da konukcu degildir. Ditylenchus dipsaci ile enfeksiyon, sogan ve domatesin bitki agirligini ve biberin bitki boyunu onemli olcude azaltmistir. Gerceklestirilen calisma ile Turkiye'de Orta Anadolu Bolgesi’nde D. dipsaci ile bulasik alanlarda kullanilabilecek rotasyon bitkileri belirlenmistir.
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in vitro effectiveness of some plant species as green manure for the control of stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Anatolian Journal of Botany, 2021Co-Authors: Elif Yavuzaslanoglu, Gamze Aksay, Ahmet CetinkayaAbstract:Sogan sak nematodu, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936, dunyada bitkisel uretimde onemli kayiplara neden olan bitki paraziti bir nematoddur. Dogada birikim yapmayan ve toprak kokenli hastalik ve zararlilarin kontrolunde umit var mucadele yontemlerinden biri yesil gubrelemedir. Yesil gubrelemenin sogan sak nematodu uzerine etkinligi ile ilgili calismalar sinirlidir. Bu calismada, Brassicaceae familyasindan 4 bitki turu ve bir Tagetes patula L. cesidinin sogan sak nematodu uzerindeki etkinligi in vitro olarak arastirilmistir. Calismada su ve kum ortaminda 4. ve 11. gunde 5 bitki turunde nematodlardaki hareketsizlik oranlari kayit edilmistir. Bitki turlerinin etkinligi zamanla artmistir. Calismada butun uygulamalarda en yuksek hareketsiz nematod orani roka ile elde edilmistir. Su ortaminda 4. ve 11. gunlerde sirasiyla %84.1 ve %95.7 oranlarinda hareketsiz nematod elde edilirken kum ortaminda, hareketsiz nematod orani %60.2 ve %86.1 olarak kayit edilmistir. Rokayi takiben Tagetes patula 4. ve 11. gunlerde sirasiyla su ortaminda %72.9 ve %98.3 oranlarinda, kum ortaminda ise %40.9 ve %81.9 oranlarinda etkinlik gostermistir. Turp da sirasiyla 4. ve 11. gunlerde su ortaminda %62.5 ve %94.2, kum ortaminda %59.2 ve %80.9 hareketsiz nematod oranlari ile umitvar bulunmustur. Calismada elde edilen veriler tarla kosullarinda yesil gubre uygulamalari icin on veri olusturmustur.
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resistance reactions of onion landraces collected from turkey to the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Elif Yavuzaslanoglu, Volkan Soner OzsoyAbstract:Turkiye’ den toplanmis olan toplam olarak 27 farkli yerel sogan cesidinin sogan sak nematoduna dayanikliliklari taranmistir. Calisma 20°C’ de %70 nem kosullarinda 16/8 saat (aydinlik/ karanlik) periyodunda buyutme dolabinda gerceklestirilmistir. Bitkiler 7 X 8 cm boyutlarinda plastik saksilarda %45 kum, %45 killi milli toprak, %10 oraninda organik madde karisiminda yetistirilmistir. Iki yuz nematod iceren 10µl nematod suspansiyonu 3-4 yaprak asamasinda bitkilere bulastirilmistir. Bitkiler nematod inokulasyonundan 6 hafta sonra hasat edilmis ve bitkilerdeki nematodlar sayilmistir. Dusuk nematod uremesi gorulen bitki cesitleri ikinci kez Ditylenchus dipsaci ile inokule edilmistir. Bitki cesitlerinde nematod uremesine gore hassas standart cesit Betopanko ile karsilastirmali olarak orta dayaniklidan yuksek oranda hassas reaksiyona kadar gruplandirilmistir. Otuz numarali cesit iki denemede de en dusuk nematod uremesi gostermistir ve birinci denemede orta dayanikli, ikinci denemede ise orta hassas olarak gruplandirilmistir. Yirmi uc ve 25 numarali cesitler hassas kontrole gore dusuk sayida nematod uremesine sahip olmus ve nihai olarak orta hassas olarak gruplandirilmistir.
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Molecular characterization of Ditylenchus dipsaci on garlic in Turkey
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2020Co-Authors: O. Ates Sonmezoglu, Elif Yavuzaslanoglu, N Genc, Z Akar, A. Ocal, Begum TerziAbstract:Garlic plant, which has an important place in the world economy as well as in human nutrition, is grown extensively in Turkey. The stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) is one of the most important biotic stresses and is under quarantine as it significantly interrupts garlic production wherever it emerges. Thus, being up to date regarding the distribution and population of the stem and bulb nematode, which is locally found in garlic cultivation areas, identification of the races found on the garlic plant at the molecular level and knowing the host spectrum of the races found at the region are of great importance. The objective of this study is to perform species diagnosis using the species-specific molecular markers at ITS-rDNA regions of the stem and bulb nematode isolates collected from the garlic cultivation areas in Turkey in 2016 and 2017. In the study, molecular screening data of the nematodes isolated from the plant and soil samples were analyzed phylogenetically. In this study, upon molecular screening using 9 different species-specific SSR and SCAR primers, it was found that 34 nematode samples of 53 are D. dipsaci . Nematode samples were from the garlic fields in Kastamonu, Amasya, Aksaray, Tekirdağ, Tokat, Balıkesir, Bursa, Hatay, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş, Adıyaman, and Kırklareli provinces. Identification of stem and bulb nematodes found in the areas of garlic cultivation with this study will be useful for conscious and efficient control applications to this nematode.
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resistance and tolerance of commercial onion cultivars to stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: Elif YavuzaslanogluAbstract:Nematode resistance and tolerance reactions of 28 onion cultivars grown commercially in Turkey to stem and bulb nematode were studied at 20 °C, 70% RH and 16:8 h L:D photoperiod in growth chamber with 10 replications and at 27±4 °C and 16:8 h L:D photoperiod in greenhouse with 3 replications, respectively. Ditylenchus dipsaci multiplied in all cultivars tested. The lowest multiplication was determined in cv. Valenciana from Ataturk Horticultural Central Research Institute with 91 nematodes/pot and a multiplication rate of 0.5. Plant height of cultivars were significantly different in the first tolerance experiment with having an average plant hight of 33.5 and 103.1 mm for inoculated and inoculated plants, respectively (P<0.05). Onion shoot diameter was statistically greater in nematode inoculated plants with 7.4 mm than inoculated plants with 6.0 mm in second tolerance experiment (P<0.05). Plant weight was not found different in both tolerance experiments with nematode inoculation. There was not any statistically difference among cultivars for plant height, plant diameter, plant weight and nematode multiplication in the experiments. Plant diameter for cv. Betapanko in first tolerance experiment and plant height for the Banko type onion in the second tolerance experiment sustained significant negative correlations with nematode numbers. Plant weight for cv. Biotek Boran in second experiment, plant height for cv. Taraz in second experiment and, plant diameter and plant weight for cv. Taraz in first tolerance experiment sustained significant positive correlations with nematode multiplication. It could be recommended that Valenciana could lower nematode multiplication and Biotek Boran and Taraz could maintain a better plant development in nematode infested onion growing areas.
R.n. Perry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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water uptake and morphological changes during recovery from anabiosis in the plant parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci
Journal of Zoology, 2009Co-Authors: David A. Wharton, John Barrett, R.n. PerryAbstract:The changes in water content and structural organization that occur during the rehydration of the anabiotic 4th-stage juveniles of the plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci are described. Morphological changes include the coalescence of lipid droplets and the appearance of a hyaline layer beneath the cuticle. Changes in diameter are mainly responsible for volume changes. Changes in the appearance of the hyaline layer suggests that the muscle cells undergo some sort of repair process before activity resumes.
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effects of the biological nematicide ditera on movement and sensory responses of second stage juveniles of globodera rostochiensis and stylet activity of g rostochiensis and fourth stage juveniles of Ditylenchus dipsaci
Nematology, 2002Co-Authors: U Twomey, Richard N Rolfe, P Warrior, R.n. PerryAbstract:DiTera® (Valent BioSciences Corp.), a novel biological nematicide obtained from fermentation with a hyphomycete fungus, adversely affected activity and movement through sand columns of second stage juveniles (J2) of Globodera rostochiensis. Electrophysiological tests demonstrated that exposure to 1% DiTera® prevented sensory perception of potato root diffusate. Electropharyngeograms of stylet protractor muscle activity showed that prior exposure of fourth stage juveniles of Ditylenchus dipsaci and J2 of G. rostochiensis to 1% DiTera® significantly reduced stylet thrusting when nematodes were transferred to artificial tap water or 10 mM serotonin, respectively. The modes of action and the control potential of this biological nematicide are discussed.
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electrophysiological activity during recovery from anhydrobiosis in fourth stage juveniles of Ditylenchus dipsaci
Nematology, 2000Co-Authors: D A Wharton, R N Rolfe, R.n. PerryAbstract:Upon immersion in water, anhydrobiotic nematodes display a period of apparent inactivity, the lag phase, before they commence spontaneous movement. Following a period of desiccation of the fourth stage juveniles of the plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci, electrical activity during rehydration was recorded using glass microelectrodes inserted into individual nematodes. The pattern observed was a period of no electrical activity, followed by low amplitude electrical events and then also high amplitude events. Movement of the nematode was associated with the high amplitude events, whose recordings formed trains of spikes that coincided with the activity of the nematode. The lag phase represents a period during which the physiological functions of the nerves and muscles are restored. This may involve the restoration of ionic gradients between the inside and the outside of the cells, which is reflected in an increase in spike amplitude in those nematodes where a sustained period of high amplitude activity was recorded. Activite electrophysiologique durant la sortie d'anhydrobiose chez le quatrieme stade juvenile de Ditylenchus dipsaci - Immerges dans l'eau, les nematodes anhydrobiotiques passent par une periode d'inactivite apparente - la phase de latence - avant que des mouvements spontanes ne debutent. Pendant la rehydratation qui suivait une periode de dessication l'activite electrique de juveniles de quatrieme stade de Ditylenchus dipsaci a ete enregistree grâce a des microelectrodes de verre implantees dans le nematode. La courbe observee correspondait a une periode sans activite electrique, suivie par des phenomenes electriques de faible amplitude, combines ensuite a des phenomenes de forte amplitude. Les mouvements des nematodes etaient associes aux phenomenes de forte amplitude dont le trace consiste en une suite de pics coincidant avec l'activite du nematode. La phase de latence correspond a la periode pendant laquelle les fonctions physiologiques nerveuses et musculaires sont restaurees. Cela peut englober la restauration des gradients ioniques a l'interieur et a l'exterieur des cellules, phenomene reflete par une augmentation des pics chez ceux des nematodes ou une periode soutenue d'activite de forte amplitude a ete notee.