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Teresa Garnatje - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Echinops spinosissimus turra subsp neumayeri vis kožuharov asteraceae cardueae a new record for the flora of greece
Adansonia, 2012Co-Authors: Ismael Sanchezjimenez, Oriane Hidalgo, Teresa GarnatjeAbstract:ABSTRACT Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. neumayeri (Vis.) Kožuharov is reported for the first time in Greece, in the peripheral unit of Preveza, close to the Ionian Sea. A closest geographical proximity than previously thought between E. spinosissimus subsp. neumayeri and the other subspecies of E. spinosissimus Turra, subsp. spinosissimus and subsp. bithynicus (Boiss.) Greuter is brought to light. This implies that the eventuality of genetic contacts should be considered when deciphering the evolutionary history of these taxa.
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genome size and chromosome number in Echinops asteraceae cardueae in the aegean and balkan regions technical aspects of nuclear dna amount assessment and genome evolution in a phylogenetic frame
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2012Co-Authors: Ismael Sanchezjimenez, Oriane Hidalgo, Miguel Angel Canela, Sonja Siljakyakovlev, Marija Edita Solic, Joan Valles, Teresa GarnatjeAbstract:This work focuses on the representatives of genus Echinops (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in the Aegean and Balkan regions, from the perspective of their genome evolution. Chromosome numbers were determined by orcein staining in 14 populations of nine taxa, and DNA contents were assessed by flow cytometry in 24 populations of nine taxa. A molecular phylogeny based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and trnL-trnF and including first sequences for two taxa (Echinops sphaerocephalus subsp. taygeteus and E. spinosissimus subsp. neumayeri) provided a framework for discussing genome changes. From a methodological point of view, similar C-DNA value estimates were obtained when measuring, for a same population, fresh leaves from adult plants collected in the field and from cultivated seedlings. Conversely, despite giving the appearance of being correct (e.g., low coefficient of variation), genome size assessed using silica gel-preserved material differs significantly from values obtained for the same populations with fresh material. Nevertheless, silica gel-preserved material may still provide rough estimates of genome size for, e.g., inferring ploidy level. Suitable—non-silica gel-based—DNA amounts assessed for 23 populations range from 2C = 6.52 pg (E. spinosissimus subsp. neumayeri) to 2C = 9.37 pg (E. bannaticus). Chromosome counts were established for the first time for Echinops graecus (2n = 32), E. sphaerocephalus subsp. albidus (2n = 32), E. sphaerocephalus subsp. taygeteus (2n = ca. 30), and E. spinosissimus subsp. neumayeri (2n = 28). Genome size and chromosome number are confirmed as crucial parameters for deciphering lineage diversification within the genus Echinops.
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molecular systematics of Echinops l asteraceae cynareae a phylogeny based on its and trnl trnf sequences with emphasis on sectional delimitation
Taxon, 2010Co-Authors: Ismael Sanchezjimenez, Georgy A Lazkov, Oriane Hidalgo, Teresa GarnatjeAbstract:The monogeneric subtribe Echinopsinae of Cynareae (Asteraceae) was analysed using nrDNA ITS and plastid trnL-trnF for 81 of the ca. 120 species, representing all Echinops sections except Cenchrolepis and Pterolepis. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses were used for each dataset and for the combined data. The resulting molecular phylogenetic framework resolves Echinops as monophyletic and confirms the inclusion ofE. acantholepis (= Acantholepis orientalis) within the genus. Echinops is divided into two lineages, one consisting of E. sect. ChamaEchinops and sect. Acantholepis (almost exclusively annual or biennial), and the other the remaining sections (almost all perennial). Our results support an infrageneric classification of Echinops into nine previously recognized sections: Acantholepis (= NanEchinops), ChamaEchinops, Echinops (= Terma), Hamolepis, Hololeuce, Oligolepis, Phaeochaete, Psectra and Ritropsis, all resolved as strongly monophyletic after some species relocations. The status of E. sect. Phaeochaete and the sectional assignment of E. onopordum, E. pungens and E. transcaucasicus remain to be clarified. The evolution of involucral bracts is congruent with the phylogenetic framework and supports the sectional classification. Annual pollen type does not constitute an autapomorphy of the clade grouping the annuals but may represent the ancestral character state for the entire genus.
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pollen studies in the genus Echinops l and xeranthemum group asteraceae
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007Co-Authors: Teresa Garnatje, Joan MartinAbstract:The phylogeny of the genus Echinops and the Xeranthemum complex were the subject of a previous molecular study of the tribe Cardueae. An electronic microscope survey of pollen morphology and ultrastructure is presented for all the genera belonging to these groups, allowing four pollen types to be identified. The exine pattern indicates that there are two pollen types in the genus Echinops (including Acantholepis), although no differences have been found between sections in Echinops. First, the annual species of Echinops and Acantholepis orientalis show a pollen type that differs from that of perennial species of the former genus and, second, the genera Chardinia and Xeranthemum exhibit a pollen type distinct from that Amphoricarpos and Siebera. The internal structure of the pollen wall is the same for all the genera. Only slight differences were observed in the tectum, but in all cases these were of the anthemoid type. Statistically significant correlations between pollen size and the life cycle were found. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 154, 549–557.
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contribution to the karyological knowledge of Echinops asteraceae cardueae and related genera
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004Co-Authors: Teresa Garnatje, Alfonso Susanna, Joan Valles, Roser Vilatersana, Sonja SiljakyakovlevAbstract:Twenty-six chromosome counts were made of several genera of the tribe Cardueae from various European and Asian provenances: Acantholepis (one species studied), Amphoricarpus (1), Chardinia (1), Echinops (14 species, 15 populations), Siebera (1), Staehelina (3) and Xeranthemum (4). Eleven of the reports are made for the first time, ten confirm previous counts, while the remainder report disparities with earlier records. The existence of different basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels suggests dysploidy and polyploidy as the main mechanisms of chromosomal evolution in the taxa considered. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 145, 337−344.
Ariaya Hymete - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the genus Echinops phytochemistry and biological activities a review
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2019Co-Authors: Helen Bitew, Ariaya HymeteAbstract:The genus Echinops belongs to the family of Asteraceae and comprises about 130 species. Many species belonging to the genus Echinops are traditionally used as medicinals mainly in Africa and Asia. The genus is reported to contain diverse secondary metabolites. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the available research reports on the genus and systematically organize the findings. Information for this study was obtained using various search engines including PubMed and Google Scholar. This review revealed that the genus is used traditionally to treat pain, inflammation, respiratory diseases, diseases caused by different microorganisms, as an aphrodisiac, to fasten expulsion of placenta, and for removal of renal stones. More than 151 secondary metabolites have been reported from the genus in which thiophenic compounds held the biggest share. Various extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds from members of this genus are shown to exhibit different biological effects mainly anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. However, there are a number of species in this genus that are claimed to have traditional medicinal uses but their biological effect not yet been evaluated.
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antimalarial activity of acetylenic thiophenes from Echinops hoehnelii schweinf
Molecules, 2017Co-Authors: Helen Bitew, Ariaya Hymete, Wendimagegn Mammo, Mariamawit Yonathan YeshakAbstract:Malaria is one of the world’s most severe endemic diseases and due to the emergence of resistance to the currently available medicines, the need for new targets and relevant antimalarial drugs remains acute. The crude extract, four solvent fractions and two isolated compounds from the roots of Echinops hoehnelii were tested for their antimalarial activity using the standard four-day suppressive method in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The 80% methanol extract exhibited suppression of 4.6%, 27.8%, 68.5% and 78.7% at dose of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively. The dichloromethane fraction displayed chemosuppression of 24.9, 33.5 and 43.0% dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight. Five acetylenicthiophenes were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction of which 5-(penta-1,3-diynyl)-2-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-thiophene decreased the level of parasitaemia by 43.2% and 50.2% while 5-(penta-1,3-diynyl)-2-(3-chloro-4-acetoxy-but-1-yn)-thiophene suppressed by 18.8% and 32.7% at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The study confirmed the traditional claim of the plant to treat malaria and could be used as a new lead for the development of antimalarial drugs.
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in vitro evaluation of antileishmanial activity and toxicity of essential oils of artemisia absinthium and Echinops kebericho
Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2011Co-Authors: Yinebeb Tariku, Asrat Hailu, Ariaya Hymete, Jens RohloffAbstract:: Potential toxicity, costs, and drug-resistant pathogens necessitate the development of new antileishmanial agents. Medicinal and aromatic plants constitute a major source of natural organic compounds. In this study, essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. and Echinops kebericho Mesfin were investigated by GC and GC/MS analyses. Isolated oils were screened for antileishmanial activity against two Leishmania strains (L. aethiopica and L. donovani), and toxicity on the human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell line and red blood cells in vitro. GC/MS Analysis revealed 65 compounds (93.74%) for Artemisia absinthium and 43 compounds (92.85%) for Echinops kebericho oil. The oils contained the oxygenated monoterpene camphor (27.40%) and the sesquiterpene lactone dehydrocostus lactone (41.83%) as major constituents, respectively. Both oils showed activity against promastigote (MIC 0.0097-0.1565 μl/ml) and axenic amastigote forms (EC(50) 0.24-42.00 nl/ml) of both leishmania species. Weak hemolytic effect was observed for both oils, showing a slightly decreased selectivity index (SI 0.8-19.2) against the THP-1 cell line. Among the two oils tested, E. kebericho exerted strong antileishmanial activity that was even higher than that of amphotericin B with significant cytotoxicity. This study, therefore, demonstrated the potential use of both oils as source of novel agents for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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volatile constituents of the roots of Echinops kebericho mesfin
Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2007Co-Authors: Ariaya Hymete, Jens Rohloff, Torhenning Iversen, Helge KjosenAbstract:Volatile fractions from the roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin were obtained by hydrodistillation and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS); 65 compounds, representing 73.9% of the volatile fraction in the hydrodistillate from the roots, and 63 compounds, representing 78.6% of the volatile compounds in the SPME extract of the roots of E. kebericho, were identified. The main constituent found in hydrodistilled essential oil was eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol (14.3%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (9.7%) and τ-cadinol (8.3%). High amounts of β-cubebene (22.7%), followed by β-patchoulene (11.1%), longifolene (10.4%), and cyperene (8.2%), were detected by SPME. Using both extraction methods, a total of 83 compounds were detected in E. kebericho essential oil. Monoterpenoid compounds represented 2.1% (seven compounds) and 2.1% (10 compounds) of the essential oil volatiles obtained by hydrodistillation and SPME, respectively, whereas sesquiterpenoids represented 72.5% (43 compounds) and 75.7% (31 compounds), respectively. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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screening of Echinops ellenbeckii and Echinops longisetus for biological activities and chemical constituents
Phytomedicine, 2005Co-Authors: Ariaya Hymete, Jens Rohloff, Torhenning Iversen, B ErkoAbstract:Members of the genus Echinops in the family of Asteraceae are widely used in Ethiopian herbal medicine for the treatment of various diseases and illness such as migraine, diarrhea, heart pain, different forms of infections, intestinal worm infestation and hemorrhoid. Hydroalcoholic extracts of the root, flower head, leaf and stem of Echinops ellenbeckii O. Hoffm. and Echinops longisetus A. Rich were investigated for their chemical constituents and biological activities. The presence of alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, polyphenols and carotenoids in the different parts of the plants was observed whilst anthraquinones were not detected. The leaf extracts of both plants and stem extract of E. longisetus showed strong inhibitory activity against cultures of Staphylococcus aureus. None of the extracts were found to be active against Gram-positive organisms. The flower extract of E. ellenbeckii showed strong inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. Root and flower extracts of the plants investigated showed lethal activity against earthworms. Moreover, the extracts of the roots of both plants showed molluscicidal activity against schistosome-transmitting snail hosts. The biological activities observed were dose dependent.
Nikolas Fokialakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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triterpenes from Echinops spinosissimus turra subsp spinosissimus
Phytochemistry Letters, 2019Co-Authors: N Tsafantakis, Konstantinos Zelianeos, Aikaterini Termentzi, Argyro Vontzalidou, Nektarios Aligiannis, Nikolas FokialakisAbstract:Abstract The phytochemical investigation of Echinops spinosissimus aerial parts led to the isolation of nine triterpenoids, one oleanane-type (1), four taraxastane-type (2, 3, 5, 6), three lupane-type (4, 7, 9) and one phytosterol (8). Their structures were elucidated through extensive analysis of NMR and HRMS spectra data. Compound 6, 20-oxo-30-nortaraxast-21-en-3β-ol, represent a previously undescribed taraxastane-type triterpene while compound 2, 21-hydroxytaraxasterol-3β-acetate, is described herein for the first time as a natural product. Furthermore, this is the first report of isolation of compound 3-5, 8, 9 from Echinops species. Isolated compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on acetyl cholinesterase. Only compound 4 showed a moderate activity at 25 μM (35.61 ± 1.42%).
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antifeedant and toxicity effects of thiophenes from four Echinops species against the formosan subterranean termite coptotermes formosanus
Pest Management Science, 2006Co-Authors: Weste L. A. Osbrink, Alan R Lax, Nikolas Fokialakis, Leonid K Mamonov, Nadejda G Gemejieva, Amelia B Mims, A L Skaltsounis, Charles L CantrellAbstract:Over 220 crude extracts from repositories generated from plants native to Greece and Kazakhstan were evaluated for termiticidal activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Emerging from this screening effort were bioactive extracts from two Greek species (Echinops ritro L. and Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. spinosissimus) and extracts from two Kazakhstan species (Echinops albicaulis Kar. & Kir. and Echinops transiliensis Golosh.). Fractionation and isolation of constituents from the most active extracts from each of the four species has been completed, resulting in the isolation of eight thiophenes possessing varying degrees of termiticidal activity. 2,2':5',2"-Terthiophene and 5'-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene demonstrated 100% mortality against C. formosanus within 9 days at 1 and 2 wt% concentrations respectively. In addition, all but two of the eight compounds tested were significantly different from the solvent controls in the filter paper consumption bioassay.
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antifungal activity of thiophenes from Echinops ritro
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Nikolas Fokialakis, Charles L Cantrell, Stephen O Duke, And Alexios L Skaltsounis, David E WedgeAbstract:Extracts from 30 plants of the Greek flora were evaluated for their antifungal activity using direct bioautography assays with three Colletotrichum species. Among the bioactive extracts, the dichloromethane extract of the radix of Echinops ritro (Asteraceae) was the most potent. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of eight thiophenes. Antifungal activities of isolated compounds together with a previously isolated thiophene from Echinops transiliensis were first evaluated by bioautography and subsequently evaluated in greater detail using a broth microdilution assay against plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis viticola, and Phomopsis obscurans. 5‘-(3-Buten-1-ynyl)-2,2‘-bithiophen (1), α-terthienyl (2), and 2-[pent-1,3-diynyl]-5-[4-hydroxybut-1-ynyl]thiophene (5) at 3 and 30 μM were active against all three Colletotrichum species, F. oxysporum, P. viticola, and P. obsc...
Ulfur Arnason - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phylogenetic position of the Tenrecs (Mammalia: Tenrecidae) of Madagascar based on analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Echinops telfairi
Zoologica Scripta, 2000Co-Authors: Suzette K. Mouchaty, Anette Gullberg, Axel Janke, Ulfur ArnasonAbstract:The phylogenetic position of the lesser hedgehog tenrec, Echinops telfairi, was studied on the basis of analysis of the concatenated sequences of 12 mitochondrial protein-coding genes. In addition to the tenrec, the analysis included two other representatives of the insectivore order Lipotyphla, the hedgehog and the mole. The eutherian tree was rooted with three non-eutherian mammalian taxa. The analysis joined the tenrec, the African elephant (order Proboscidea) and the aardvark (order Tubulidentata) on a common branch. The three lipotyphlan taxa, the tenrec (Tenrecidae), the mole (Talpidae) and the hedgehog (Erinaceidae) were dispersed in the eutherian tree, demonstrating lipotyphlan polyphyly.
Cem Vural - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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BIOACTIVITY RESEARCHING ON NEW SPECIES OF Echinops L. (ASTERACEAE): ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Echinops ANTALYENSIS
Anadolu University, 2018Co-Authors: Handan Sapci, Cem VuralAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different extracts from Echinops antayensis C.Vural. Antimicrobial activity was estimated against several common human pathogenic bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical-scavenging assay and total phenolic content methods. On the light of these experiments, E. antalyensis would seem to be an important natural antioxidant. This study is first report on the biological activity of E. antalyensis as regarded new species from Turkey
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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant activity of Echinops emiliae (Asteraceae)
2017Co-Authors: Handan Sapci, Cem Vural, Servet ÖzcanAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different extracts from Echinops emiliae Schwarz ex P. H. Davis. Antimicrobial activity was estimated against several common human pathogenic bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the total flavanoid and total phenolic content methods. On the light of these experiments, E. emiliae would seem to be an important natural antioxidant. Antimicrobial and antioxidant of E. emiliae have not been reported up to now. The results of this study obviously reported that the antimicrobial and antifungal activity could be change with used extracts. Also, the micro dilution method was more sensitive than disk diffusion. This study is first report on the biological activity of E. emiliae as regarded endemic species from Turkey. The results show that E. emiliae could use in the treatment of some illness.The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different extracts from Echinops emiliae Schwarz ex P. H. Davis. Antimicrobial activity was estimated against several common human pathogenic bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the total flavanoid and total phenolic content methods. On the light of these experiments, E. emiliae would seem to be an important natural antioxidant. Antimicrobial and antioxidant of E. emiliae have not been reported up to now. The results of this study obviously reported that the antimicrobial and antifungal activity could be change with used extracts. Also, the micro dilution method was more sensitive than disk diffusion. This study is first report on the biological activity of E. emiliae as regarded endemic species from Turkey. The results show that E. emiliae could use in the treatment of some illness
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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant activity of Echinops emiliae (Asteraceae)
'International Journal of Secondary Metabolite', 2017Co-Authors: Handan Sapci, Cem Vural, Servet ÖzcanAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different extracts from Echinops emiliae Schwarz ex P. H. Davis. Antimicrobial activity was estimated against several common human pathogenic bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the total flavanoid and total phenolic content methods. On the light of these experiments, E. emiliae would seem to be an important natural antioxidant. Antimicrobial and antioxidant of E. emiliae have not been reported up to now. The results of this study obviously reported that the antimicrobial and antifungal activity could be change with used extracts. Also, the micro dilution method was more sensitive than disk diffusion. This study is first report on the biological activity of E. emiliae as regarded endemic species from Turkey. The results show that E. emiliae could use in the treatment of some illness
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five new records of the genus Echinops asteraceae from turkey
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2012Co-Authors: Cem Vural, Handan SapciAbstract:Echinops ritrodes Bunge, E. gaillardotii Boiss., E. adenocaulos Boiss., E. chardinii Boiss. & Buhse, and E. tenuisectus Rech.f. were recorded for the first time in Turkey. The taxa are described and illustrated. Geographical distributions of the taxa are also mapped, and IUCN threat categories of the populations are discussed.
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a new species of Echinops asteraceae from turkey
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2010Co-Authors: Cem Vural, Mustafa Kemal Biter, Mehmet Yasar DadandiAbstract:Echinops dumanii C.Vural is described and illustrated from Adana province, South Anatolia, Turkey. It is considered to be endemic to Turkey. The morphological differences from the closely related species Echinops phaeocephalus Hand.-Mazz. are discussed. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) threat category and observations on the ecology of the populations are noted. The geographical distribution of the new species is mapped.
