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Morrie A Craig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • determination of the ergot alkaloid Ergovaline in tall fescue seed and straw using a quechers extraction method with high performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015
    Co-Authors: Karen C Walker, Jennifer M Duringer, Morrie A Craig
    Abstract:

    Ergovaline is an ergot alkaloid produced by the symbiotic endophyte Epichloe coenophiala, which can colonize varieties of the cool-season grass tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). It is the principle toxicant responsible for the vasoconstrictive and reproductive sequelae seen in "fescue toxicosis" in livestock which consume forage exceeding the threshold of toxicity established for this compound. A new method for extraction of Ergovaline from tall fescue seed and straw was optimized and validated, on the basis of the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method, with high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. Fourteen extraction solvents were tested; 2.1 mM ammonium carbonate/acetonitrile (50/50, v/v) had the highest and most consistent recovery (91-101%). Linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy,and intra- and interday precisions for tall fescue seed and straw were 100-3500 μg/kg, 37 and 30 μg/kg, 100 μg/kg, 98%, 3.0 and 1.6%, and 3.8 and 1.0%, respectively. When the currently used solid-phase extraction (SPE) and QuEChERS methods were applied to 17 tall fescue straw samples, there was good agreement (correlation coefficient 0.9978). The QuEChERS method achieved the goals of eliminating chlorinated solvents and developing a fast, efficient, reliable method for quantitating Ergovaline in tall fescue forage that can be applied in a high-throughput food safety laboratory.

  • Determination of the Ergot Alkaloid Ergovaline in Tall Fescue Seed and Straw Using a QuEChERS Extraction Method with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Fluorescence Detection
    2015
    Co-Authors: Karen Walker, Jennifer Duringer, Morrie A Craig
    Abstract:

    Ergovaline is an ergot alkaloid produced by the symbiotic endophyte Epichloë coenophiala, which can colonize varieties of the cool-season grass tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). It is the principle toxicant responsible for the vasoconstrictive and reproductive sequelae seen in “fescue toxicosis” in livestock which consume forage exceeding the threshold of toxicity established for this compound. A new method for extraction of Ergovaline from tall fescue seed and straw was optimized and validated, on the basis of the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method, with high-performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection. Fourteen extraction solvents were tested; 2.1 mM ammonium carbonate/acetonitrile (50/50, v/v) had the highest and most consistent recovery (91–101%). Linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy,and intra- and interday precisions for tall fescue seed and straw were 100–3500 μg/kg, 37 and 30 μg/kg, 100 μg/kg, 98%, 3.0 and 1.6%, and 3.8 and 1.0%, respectively. When the currently used solid-phase extraction (SPE) and QuEChERS methods were applied to 17 tall fescue straw samples, there was good agreement (correlation coefficient 0.9978). The QuEChERS method achieved the goals of eliminating chlorinated solvents and developing a fast, efficient, reliable method for quantitating Ergovaline in tall fescue forage that can be applied in a high-throughput food safety laboratory

  • the role of the oregon state university endophyte service laboratory in diagnosing clinical cases of endophyte toxicoses
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014
    Co-Authors: Morrie A Craig, L L Blythe, Jennifer M Duringer
    Abstract:

    The Oregon State University Colleges of Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Sciences instituted the Endophyte Service Laboratory to aid in diagnosing toxicity problems associated with cool-season grasses in livestock. The endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophalum) present in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) produces ergopeptine alkaloids, of which Ergovaline is the molecule used to determine exposure and toxicity thresholds for the vasoconstrictive conditions "fescue foot" and "summer slump". Another vasoconstrictive syndrome, "ergotism," is caused by a parasitic fungus, Claviceps purpurea, and its primary toxin, ergotamine. "Ryegrass staggers" is a neurological condition that affects livestock consuming endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii)- infected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) with high levels of lolitrem B. HPLC-fluorescent analytical methods for these mycotoxins are described and were used to determine threshold levels of toxicity for Ergovaline and lolitrem B in cattle, sheep, horses, and camels. In addition, six clinical cases in cattle are presented to illustrate diagnosis of these three diseases.

  • esi mass spectrometric and hplc elucidation of a new ergot alkaloid from perennial ryegrass hay silage associated with bovine reproductive problems
    Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2011
    Co-Authors: Andreas F Lehner, Jennifer M Duringer, Charles T Estill, T Tobin, Morrie A Craig
    Abstract:

    This case report involves four dairies in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, which experienced reproductive problems associated with the presence of a large, previously unidentified, peak eluting at 5 min in a standard Ergovaline high-performance liquid chromatography assay of perennial ryegrass silage fed to those animals. Mycotoxin analysis of the silage was negative, as was serological screening of the herds for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine diarrhea virus and Leptospirosis, including culturing of urine for Leptospira hardjo hardjobovis. Prolactin concentrations were low in most cattle, consistent with ingestion of ergot alkaloids. We believe that this peak represents a novel ergot alkaloid-related compound due to its extractability with Ergosil, its detectability due to fluorescence, and its chromatographic retention between Ergovaline (mw = 533) and ergotamine (mw = 581). Its molecular weight was calculated as 570 owing to the predominance of a m/z 593.5 ion in the full scan ESI(+)MS and its ...

  • improved extraction and hplc methods for Ergovaline from plant material and rumen fluid
    Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 1994
    Co-Authors: Morrie A Craig, Dan Bilich, Jeannette T Hovermale, Ronald E Welty
    Abstract:

    Ergovaline, the main ergopeptine alkaloid produced in tall fescue infected with Acremonium coenophialum, is known to cause tall fescue toxicosis. Current methods in use for quantifying Ergovaline in plant material have several disadvantages, including large solvent volumes and long analysis time. We report here improvements in extraction and cleanup and the high-pressure liquid chromatographic methods. Our improvements include a 24-hour extraction time, the use of smaller solvent volumes during sample preparation, and fast analysis on the polymeric reverse-phase column. In addition to allowing the analysis of large batches to assist practitioners in the accurate diagnosis of fescue toxicosis, our method is also easily modified for other matrices, such as rumen fluid.

Lowell P. Bush - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • constriction of bovine vasculature caused by endophyte infected tall fescue seed extract is similar to pure Ergovaline
    Journal of Animal Science, 2012
    Co-Authors: A P Foote, Lowell P. Bush, David L. Harmon, J R Strickland, K R Brown, K R Mcleod, J L Klotz
    Abstract:

    Ergovaline has been extensively used to study vasoactive effects of endophyte- (Neotyphodium coenophialum) infected tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum). However, initial results indicated that an extract of toxic tall fescue seed (E+EXT) is more potent than Ergovaline alone in a right ruminal artery and vein bioassay. The E+EXT induced a greater contractile response than an equal concentration of Ergovaline alone in the ruminal artery of heifers (P = 0.018). This led to a hypothesis that other compounds in the seed extract contribute to vasoconstriction. Thus, experiments were conducted to determine if vasoactivity of an E+EXT is different from a mixture of ergot alkaloids (ALK; Ergovaline, ergotamine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergocornine, ergonovine, and lysergic acid) of similar concentrations and to determine if the vasoactivity of an E+EXT differs from an endophyte-free tall fescue seed extract (E-EXT). Segments of lateral saphenous vein and right ruminal artery and vein were collected from Holstein steers (n = 6) shortly after slaughter. Vessels were cleaned of excess connective tissue and fat and sliced into segments that were suspended in a multimyograph chamber with 5 mL of continually oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer, equilibrated for 90 min, and exposed to a reference compound (120 mM KCl for ruminal vessels and 0.1 mM norepinephrine for saphenous vein). Increasing concentrations of each treatment (E+EXT, E-EXT, ALK, and Ergovaline) were added to the respective chamber every 15 min after buffer replacement. Data were normalized as a percentage of maximal contractile response of the reference compound and fit to a sigmoidal concentration response curve. Ergovaline, ALK, and E+EXT induced similar responses in the saphenous vein, ruminal artery, and ruminal vein. The E+EXT displayed a smaller EC(50) (half maximal effective concentration) than Ergovaline or ALK in the saphenous vein and ruminal vein (P 0.1). Data from this study indicate that Ergovaline is largely responsible for the locally induced vasoconstriction of bovine vasculature observed with endophyte-infected tall fescue.

  • Effect of ergot alkaloids on contractility of bovine right ruminal artery and vein.
    Journal of Animal Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: A P Foote, James R. Strickland, Lowell P. Bush, David L. Harmon, James L. Klotz
    Abstract:

    Ergot alkaloids produced by the en- dophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) associated with tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) are implicated in the clinical signs of fescue toxicosis. These compounds were hypothesized to correspondingly affect foregut vascu- lature. The objective of this study was to determine vasoconstrictive potentials of Ergovaline, ergotamine, ergocryptine, ergocristine, ergonovine, ergocornine, and lysergic acid on right ruminal artery and vein. Seg- ments of right ruminal artery and vein were collected from the ventral coronary groove of predominantly An- gus heifers (n = 10) shortly after slaughter and placed in a modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer on ice. Vessels were cleaned of excess connective tissue and fat, sliced into 2- to 3-mm segments, and suspended in a multi- myograph chamber with 5 mL of continuously oxygen- ated Krebs-Henseleit buffer (95%O 2/5% CO2; pH 7.4; 37°C). Arteries and veins were equilibrated to 1.0 and 0.5 g, respectively, for 90 min followed by the reference addition of 120 mM KCl. Increasing concentrations of each alkaloid were added to the respective chamber ev- ery 15 min after buffer replacement. Data were normal- ized as a percentage of the contractile response induced by KCl. Alkaloid (P < 0.0001), concentration (P < 0.0001), and vessel type (artery or vein; P = 0.004) af- fected contractility. No arterial response was observed until 10 −6 M for Ergovaline and ergotamine; 10 −5 M for ergocryptine, ergocornine, and ergonovine; and 10 −4 M for ergocristine. Lysergic acid did not induce a contrac- tile response in the ruminal artery. No venous contrac- tile response was observed until concentrations of 10 −6 M for Ergovaline, 10 −5 M for ergotamine, and 10 −4 M for ergocryptine and ergocristine were achieved. Lyser- gic acid, ergonovine, and ergocornine did not induce a contractile response in the ruminal vein. A greater ar- terial maximal response was observed for Ergovaline (P < 0.0001), whereas the arterial and venous responses were not different for ergotamine (P = 0.16), ergocryp- tine (P = 0.218), and ergocristine (P = 0.425). These results indicate that ergot alkaloids associated with toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue are vasoactive and can potentially alter arterial blood supply and venous drainage from the bovine foregut.

  • effects of multiple climate change factors on the tall fescue fungal endophyte symbiosis infection frequency and tissue chemistry
    New Phytologist, 2011
    Co-Authors: Glade B Brosi, Lowell P. Bush, Rebecca L Mcculley, Jim A Nelson, Aimee T Classen, Richard J Norby
    Abstract:

    Summary •Climate change (altered CO2, warming, and precipitation) may affect plant–microbial interactions, such as the Lolium arundinaceum–Neotyphodium coenophialum symbiosis, to alter future ecosystem structure and function. •To assess this possibility, tall fescue tillers were collected from an existing climate manipulation experiment in a constructed old-field community in Tennessee (USA). Endophyte infection frequency (EIF) was determined, and infected (E+) and uninfected (E−) tillers were analysed for tissue chemistry. •The EIF of tall fescue was higher under elevated CO2 (91% infected) than with ambient CO2 (81%) but was not affected by warming or precipitation treatments. Within E+ tillers, elevated CO2 decreased alkaloid concentrations of both Ergovaline and loline, by c. 30%; whereas warming increased loline concentrations 28% but had no effect on Ergovaline. Independent of endophyte infection, elevated CO2 reduced concentrations of nitrogen, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. •These results suggest that elevated CO2, more than changes in temperature or precipitation, may promote this grass–fungal symbiosis, leading to higher EIF in tall fescue in old-field communities. However, as all three climate factors are likely to change in the future, predicting the symbiotic response and resulting ecological consequences may be difficult and dependent on the specific atmospheric and climatic conditions encountered.

  • hemodynamics are altered in the caudal artery of beef heifers fed different ergot alkaloid concentrations
    Journal of Animal Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: G E Aiken, Lowell P. Bush, M L Looper, J R Strickland, F N Schrick
    Abstract:

    Doppler ultrasonography was used to compare blood flow characteristics in the caudal artery of heifers fed diets with endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) noninfected (E-, 0 microg of Ergovaline/g of DM), a 1:1 mixture of endophyte-infected and E- (E+E-; 0.39 microg of Ergovaline/g of DM), or endophyte-infected (E+, 0.79 microg of Ergovaline/g of DM) tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) seed. Eighteen crossbred (Angus x Brangus) heifers [345 +/- 19 kg (SD)] were assigned to individual pens and fed chopped alfalfa hay plus a concentrate that contained E- tall fescue seed for 7 d during an adjustment period. A 9-d experimental period followed with feeding treatments of chopped alfalfa hay plus a concentrate with E+, E-, or E+E- seed being assigned randomly to pens. Doppler ultrasound measurements (caudal artery luminal area, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, mean velocity, heart rate, and flow rate) and serum prolactin were monitored during the adjustment (3 baseline measures) and during the experimental period (7 measures). Statistical analyses compared proportionate differences between baseline and responses at 3, 27, 51, 75, 171, and 195 h from initial feeding of the experimental diets. Serum prolactin concentrations for E+ and E+E- diets were less (P < 0.001) than baseline concentrations beginning at 27 and 51 h, respectively, from initial feeding of the diets. Although baseline measures were taken when ambient temperatures were likely below thermoneutrality, caudal artery luminal cross-sectional area in E+ heifers had declined (P = 0.004) from baseline by 27 h and remained less (P < 0.02) until 195 h, and caudal artery luminal area declined (P = 0.004) in E+E- heifers from baseline by 51 h and remained less (P < 0.07) until 171 h. Blood flow rate was slower than the baseline rate at 51 h for E+ (P = 0.058) and E+E- (P = 0.02 heifers, but blood flow remained slower in E+E- heifers for 48 h, whereas it remained slower in E+ heifers for 96 h. Adjustments in artery luminal area and blood rate with the 3 diets appeared to parallel the increases in ambient temperature. Heifers fed a diet containing a larger amount of ergot alkaloids had less of a response to ambient temperature than heifers consuming the diet with less or no ergot alkaloids.

  • effects of selected combinations of tall fescue alkaloids on the vasoconstrictive capacity of fescue naive bovine lateral saphenous veins
    Journal of Animal Science, 2008
    Co-Authors: J L Klotz, Lowell P. Bush, G E Aiken, B H Kirch, J R Strickland
    Abstract:

    Vasoconstriction is a response associated with consumption of toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. It is not known if endophyte-produced alkaloids act alone or collectively in mediating the response. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the vasoconstrictive potentials of selected ergot alkaloids, individually or in paired combinations, using bovine lateral saphenous veins biopsied from fescue-naive cattle. Segments (2 to 3 cm) of vein were surgically biopsied from healthy crossbred yearling heifers (n = 22; 330 +/- 8 kg of BW). Veins were trimmed of excess fat and connective tissue, sliced into 2- to 3-mm sections, and suspended in a myograph chamber containing 5 mL of oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer (95% O(2)/5% CO(2); pH = 7.4; 37 degrees C). Increasing doses of Ergovaline, lysergic acid, and N-acetylloline individually or in combination were evaluated. Contractile data were normalized as a percentage of the contractile response induced by a reference dose of norepinephrine (1 x 10(- 4) M). Increasing concentrations of lysergic acid did not result in an appreciable contractile response until the addition of 1 x 10(- 4) M lysergic acid. In contrast, the vascular response to increasing concentrations of Ergovaline was apparent at 1 x 10(- 8) M and increased to a maximum of 104.2 +/- 6.0% with the addition of 1 x 10(- 4) M Ergovaline. The presence of N-acetylloline did not alter the onset or magnitude of vascular response to either lysergic acid or Ergovaline. The presence of 1 x 10(- 5) M lysergic acid with increasing concentrations of N-acetylloline and Ergovaline generated an increased contractile response during the initial additions compared with the responses of N-acetylloline and Ergovaline alone. In the presence of 1 x 10(- 7) M Ergovaline, the contractile response increased with increasing concentrations of N-acetylloline and lysergic acid. Neither N-acetylloline nor lysergic acid elicited an intense contractile response individually (maximum contractile responses of 1.9 +/- 0.3% and 22.6 +/- 4.1%, respectively), suggesting that this was the result of the repetitive addition of 1 x 10(- 7) M Ergovaline. These data indicate that Ergovaline is a more potent vascular toxicant than lysergic acid or N-acetylloline. The contractile responses of the Ergovaline and lysergic acid combinations appeared to differ from the individual dose responses. These data support the possibility that an additive alkaloid exposure effect may exist and should be considered during evaluations of ergot alkaloids.

Frank T Peters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based determination of ergocristine ergocryptine ergotamine Ergovaline hypoglycin a lolitrem b methylene cyclopropyl acetic acid carnitine n acetylloline n formylloline paxilline and peramine in equine hair
    Journal of Chromatography B, 2019
    Co-Authors: Wiebke Rudolph, Dirk K Wissenbach, Daniela Remane, Frank T Peters
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ingestion of hypoglycin A (HGA) in maple seeds or alkaloids produced by symbiotic fungi in pasture grasses is thought to be associated with various syndromes in grazing animals. This article describes analytical methods for monitoring long-term exposure to HGA, its metabolite MCPA-carnitine, as well as ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergotamine, Ergovaline, lolitrem B, N-acetylloline, N-formylloline, peramine, and paxilline in equine hair. After extraction of hair samples separation was achieved using two ultra high performance liquid chromatographic systems (HILIC or RP-C18, ammonium formate:acetonitrile). A benchtop orbitrap instrument was used for high resolution tandem mass spectrometric detection. All analytes were sensitively detected with limits of detection between 1 pg/mg and 25 pg/mg. Irreproducible extraction or ubiquitous presence in horse hair precluded quantitative validation of lolitrem B/paxilline and N-acetylloline/N-formylloline, respectively. For the other analytes validation showed no interferences in blank hair. Other validation parameters were as follows: limits of quantification (LOQ), 10 to 100 pg/mg; recoveries, 18.3 to 91.0%; matrix effects, −48.2 - 24.4%; linearity, LOQ - 1000 pg/mg; accuracy, −14.9 - 6.4%, precision RSDs ≤10.7%. The method allows sensitive detection of all analytes and quantification of ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergotamine, Ergovaline, HGA, MCPA-carnitine, and peramine in horse hair. Applicability was proven for N-acetylloline and N-formylloline by analyzing hair of 13 horses.

  • comparative study on the metabolism of the ergot alkaloids ergocristine ergocryptine ergotamine and Ergovaline in equine and human s9 fractions and equine liver preparations
    Xenobiotica, 2019
    Co-Authors: Wiebke Rudolph, Dirk K Wissenbach, Daniela Remane, Frank T Peters
    Abstract:

    Abstract1. Ergopeptine alkaloids like Ergovaline and ergotamine are suspected to be associated with fescue toxicosis and ergotism in horses. Information on the metabolism of ergot alkaloids is scar...

  • Comparative study on the metabolism of the ergot alkaloids ergocristine, ergocryptine, ergotamine, and Ergovaline in equine and human S9 fractions and equine liver preparations
    2019
    Co-Authors: Wiebke Rudolph, Dirk K Wissenbach, Daniela Remane, Frank T Peters
    Abstract:

    1. Ergopeptine alkaloids like Ergovaline and ergotamine are suspected to be associated with fescue toxicosis and ergotism in horses. Information on the metabolism of ergot alkaloids is scarce, especially in horses, but needed for toxicological analysis of these drugs in urine/feces of affected horses. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolism of Ergovaline, ergotamine, ergocristine, and ergocryptine in horses and comparison to humans. 2. Supernatants of alkaloid incubations with equine and human liver S9 fractions were analyzed by reversed-phase liquid-chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry with full scan and MS2 acquisition. Metabolite structures were postulated based on their MS2 spectra in comparison to those of the parent alkaloids. All compounds were extensively metabolized yielding nor-, N-oxide, hydroxy and dihydro-diole metabolites with largely overlapping patterns in equine and human liver S9 fractions. However, some metabolic steps e.g. the formation of 8′-hydroxy metabolites were unique for human metabolism, while formation of the 13/14-hydroxy and 13,14-dihydro-diol metabolites were unique for equine metabolism. Incubations with equine whole liver preparations yielded less metabolites than the S9 fractions. 3. The acquired data can be used to develop metabolite-based screenings for these alkaloids, which will likely extend their detection windows in urine/feces from affected horses.

Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Occurrence of alkaloids in grass seeds symbiotic with vertically - transmitted epichloë fungal endophytes and its relationship with antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro Emilio, Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra, Ghersa, Claudio Marco
    Abstract:

    Gundel, Pedro Emilio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.Seal, Charlotte E. Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew, United Kingdom.Biganzoli, Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Molina Montenegro, Marco A. Universidad de Talca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas. Talca, Chile.Vázquez de Aldana, Beatriz R. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). Salamanca, España.Zabalgogeazcoa, Iñigo. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). Salamanca, España.Bush, Lowell P. University of Kentucky. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences. Lexington, KY. United States.Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.1-7Host organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione halfcell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research

  • Occurrence of Alkaloids in Grass Seeds Symbiotic With Vertically-Transmitted \u3cem\u3eEpichloë\u3c/em\u3e Fungal Endophytes and Its Relationship With Antioxidants
    UKnowledge, 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro E., Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Vázquez-de-aldana, Beatriz R., Martínez-ghersa, María A., Ghersa, Claudio M.
    Abstract:

    Host organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione half-cell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research

  • Occurrence of Alkaloids in Grass Seeds Symbiotic With Vertically-Transmitted Epichloë Fungal Endophytes and Its Relationship With Antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro E., Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez-ghersa, María A., Ghersa, Claudio M.
    Abstract:

    7 páginas, 1 tabla y 1 figuraHost organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione half-cell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research.This article was supported by the projects PII20150126 (Fondecyt-Chile) and AGL2016-76035-C21R (Spanish, MICINN).Peer reviewe

  • Occurrence of Alkaloids in Grass Seeds Symbiotic With Vertically-Transmitted Epichloë Fungal Endophytes and Its Relationship With Antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro Emilio, Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra, Ghersa, Claudio Marco
    Abstract:

    Host organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione half-cell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research.Fil: Gundel, Pedro Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Seal, Charlotte E.. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Jodrell Laboratory. Departamento Botanic; Reino UnidoFil: Biganzoli, Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Molina Montenegro, Marco A.. Universidad de Talca; Chile. Universidad Católica del Norte; ChileFil: Vázquez de Aldana, Beatriz R.. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca; EspañaFil: Zabalgogeazcoa, Iñigo. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca; EspañaFil: Bush, Lowell P.. University Of Kentucky. Dept.of Plant Pathology; Estados UnidosFil: Martinez-Ghersa, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentin

  • Detección de micotoxinas en Lolium perenne mediante NIRS
    'Japanese Society of Applied Entomology & Zoology', 2017
    Co-Authors: Soto Barajas, Milton Carlos, Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R.
    Abstract:

    6 páginas y 2 tablas.-- Comunicación presentada a la 56ª Reunión Científica de la Sociedad Española para el Estudio de los Pastos (SEEP). Renaturalización vs. Ruralización (Rewilding vs. Re-farming). En Barcelona (España). 25 a 28 abril del 2017.[EN] Grasses infected by Epichloë fungal endophytes contain alkaloids that are toxic to mammals (lolitrem B and Ergovaline) and have insecticide activity (peramine). In this study, we evaluated the use of NIRS for the detection of lolitrem B, Ergovaline and peramine alkaloids in Lolium perenne plants. A heterogeneous sample set composed of wild and cultivar plants was considered. All NIR spectra from the grass samples were classified according to the presence or absence of those three alkaloids, which were analyzed by chromatographic reference methods (HPLC). Several mathematical treatments and transformations were applied to the spectra, resulting in a total of 20 discriminant equations for each alkaloid. The best discriminant equations for detection of alkaloids correctly classified 87.5% of plants with lolitrem B, 92.9% of plants with Ergovaline and 94.4% of plants with peramine. These results show that NIR spectroscopy is a suitable tool for the detection of alkaloids in ryegrass plant samples.[ES] Las gramíneas infectadas por hongos endófitos Epichloë contienen alcaloides tóxicos para el ganado (lolitrem B y ergovalina) y con actividad insecticida (peramina). En este trabajo se pretende conocer el potencial de la espectroscopía del infrarrojo cercano (NIRS) para la detección de los alcaloides lolitrem B, ergovalina y peramina en plantas de Lolium perenne. Para ello se consideró un grupo heterogéneo de plantas infectadas por Epichloë procedentes de pastos naturales y cultivares. Todos los espectros NIR registrados de las muestras se clasificaron según la presencia o ausencia de los alcaloides, que fueron analizados por métodos cromatográficos HPLC de referencia. Los datos espectrales fueron sometidos a diversos tratamientos matemáticos y transformaciones, de forma que se obtuvieron 20 ecuaciones discriminantes de calibración para cada alcaloide. En el proceso de validación las mejores ecuaciones discriminantes para la detección de micotoxinas clasificaron correctamente, el 87,5% de las plantas con lolitrem B, el 92,9 % de las plantas con ergovalina y el 94,4% de las plantas con peramina. Estos resultados muestran que NIRS puede ser un método rápido y eficaz para la detección de alcaloides en plantas.Investigación financiada con el Proyecto AGL2011-22783 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.Peer reviewe

Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Occurrence of alkaloids in grass seeds symbiotic with vertically - transmitted epichloë fungal endophytes and its relationship with antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro Emilio, Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra, Ghersa, Claudio Marco
    Abstract:

    Gundel, Pedro Emilio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.Seal, Charlotte E. Department of Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology. Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew, United Kingdom.Biganzoli, Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Molina Montenegro, Marco A. Universidad de Talca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas. Talca, Chile.Vázquez de Aldana, Beatriz R. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). Salamanca, España.Zabalgogeazcoa, Iñigo. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC). Salamanca, España.Bush, Lowell P. University of Kentucky. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences. Lexington, KY. United States.Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina.1-7Host organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione halfcell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research

  • Occurrence of Alkaloids in Grass Seeds Symbiotic With Vertically-Transmitted Epichloë Fungal Endophytes and Its Relationship With Antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro E., Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez-ghersa, María A., Ghersa, Claudio M.
    Abstract:

    7 páginas, 1 tabla y 1 figuraHost organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione half-cell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research.This article was supported by the projects PII20150126 (Fondecyt-Chile) and AGL2016-76035-C21R (Spanish, MICINN).Peer reviewe

  • Occurrence of Alkaloids in Grass Seeds Symbiotic With Vertically-Transmitted Epichloë Fungal Endophytes and Its Relationship With Antioxidants
    'Frontiers Media SA', 2018
    Co-Authors: Gundel, Pedro Emilio, Seal, Charlotte E., Biganzoli Fernando, Molina Montenegro, Marco A., Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Bush, Lowell P., Martínez Ghersa, María Alejandra, Ghersa, Claudio Marco
    Abstract:

    Host organisms can acquire new functional traits through symbiosis. Seed-transmitted Epichloë fungal endophytes are known to protect host plants against herbivores and increase tolerance to abiotic stresses by alkaloids and antioxidants, respectively (currencies of mutualism). Whereas, alkaloids are fungal products with demonstrated effects at plant vegetative stage, few studies have focused on alkaloids in seeds. We assessed the occurrence of fungal alkaloids and determined their concentrations in seeds of two host grasses, Festuca rubra and Lolium multiflorum. Then, we sought for a relationship with the antioxidants tocochromanols and glutathione, which are involved in the control of oxidative stress. Different alkaloids were detected depending on the species and plant genotype. Most notably, loline alkaloids were not detected in F. rubra seeds, whereas Ergovaline and peramine were absent in L. multiflorum. In F. rubra, Ergovaline concentration was dependent on the maternal line in interaction with the production year, diminishing in seeds after 1 year of storage. The exposure of L. multiflorum plants to ozone had no effect on the seed concentration of lolines. There was a significant positive relationship between the concentrations of Ergovaline and tocochromanols in both species, and between Ergovaline concentration and EGSSG/2GSH (glutathione half-cell reduction potential) in RAB maternal line of F. rubra. These results suggest that alkaloid and antioxidants have a close association in seeds of host grasses, and that the alkaloid bioactivity could be related with the antioxidant capacity to control stress. This has important implications for the ecology of partner species, thus supporting its consideration for further research.Fil: Gundel, Pedro Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Seal, Charlotte E.. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Jodrell Laboratory. Departamento Botanic; Reino UnidoFil: Biganzoli, Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Molina Montenegro, Marco A.. Universidad de Talca; Chile. Universidad Católica del Norte; ChileFil: Vázquez de Aldana, Beatriz R.. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca; EspañaFil: Zabalgogeazcoa, Iñigo. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca; EspañaFil: Bush, Lowell P.. University Of Kentucky. Dept.of Plant Pathology; Estados UnidosFil: Martinez-Ghersa, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Ghersa, Claudio Marco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentin

  • Detección de micotoxinas en Lolium perenne mediante NIRS
    'Japanese Society of Applied Entomology & Zoology', 2017
    Co-Authors: Soto Barajas, Milton Carlos, Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R.
    Abstract:

    6 páginas y 2 tablas.-- Comunicación presentada a la 56ª Reunión Científica de la Sociedad Española para el Estudio de los Pastos (SEEP). Renaturalización vs. Ruralización (Rewilding vs. Re-farming). En Barcelona (España). 25 a 28 abril del 2017.[EN] Grasses infected by Epichloë fungal endophytes contain alkaloids that are toxic to mammals (lolitrem B and Ergovaline) and have insecticide activity (peramine). In this study, we evaluated the use of NIRS for the detection of lolitrem B, Ergovaline and peramine alkaloids in Lolium perenne plants. A heterogeneous sample set composed of wild and cultivar plants was considered. All NIR spectra from the grass samples were classified according to the presence or absence of those three alkaloids, which were analyzed by chromatographic reference methods (HPLC). Several mathematical treatments and transformations were applied to the spectra, resulting in a total of 20 discriminant equations for each alkaloid. The best discriminant equations for detection of alkaloids correctly classified 87.5% of plants with lolitrem B, 92.9% of plants with Ergovaline and 94.4% of plants with peramine. These results show that NIR spectroscopy is a suitable tool for the detection of alkaloids in ryegrass plant samples.[ES] Las gramíneas infectadas por hongos endófitos Epichloë contienen alcaloides tóxicos para el ganado (lolitrem B y ergovalina) y con actividad insecticida (peramina). En este trabajo se pretende conocer el potencial de la espectroscopía del infrarrojo cercano (NIRS) para la detección de los alcaloides lolitrem B, ergovalina y peramina en plantas de Lolium perenne. Para ello se consideró un grupo heterogéneo de plantas infectadas por Epichloë procedentes de pastos naturales y cultivares. Todos los espectros NIR registrados de las muestras se clasificaron según la presencia o ausencia de los alcaloides, que fueron analizados por métodos cromatográficos HPLC de referencia. Los datos espectrales fueron sometidos a diversos tratamientos matemáticos y transformaciones, de forma que se obtuvieron 20 ecuaciones discriminantes de calibración para cada alcaloide. En el proceso de validación las mejores ecuaciones discriminantes para la detección de micotoxinas clasificaron correctamente, el 87,5% de las plantas con lolitrem B, el 92,9 % de las plantas con ergovalina y el 94,4% de las plantas con peramina. Estos resultados muestran que NIRS puede ser un método rápido y eficaz para la detección de alcaloides en plantas.Investigación financiada con el Proyecto AGL2011-22783 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.Peer reviewe

  • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of endophyte alkaloids in perennial ryegrass using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
    'Wiley', 2017
    Co-Authors: Soto Barajas, Milton Carlos, Vázquez De Aldana, Beatriz R., Zabalgogeazcoa Iñigo, González Inmaculada
    Abstract:

    33 páginas, 4 figuras y 3 tablas.[BACKGROUND] Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has been widely used in forage quality control because it is faster, cleaner and less expensive than conventional chemical procedures. In Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), one of the most important forage grasses, the infection by asymptomatic Epichloë fungal endophytes alters the plant nutritional quality due to the production of alkaloids. In this research, we developed a rapid method based on NIRS to detect and quantify endophyte alkaloids (peramine, lolitrem B and Ergovaline) using a heterogeneous set of L. perenne plants obtained from wild grasslands and cultivars.[RESULTS] NIR spectra from dried grass samples were recorded and classified according to the absence or presence of alkaloids, based on reference methods. The best discriminant equations for detection of alkaloids classified correctly 94.4%, 87.5% and 92.9% of plants containing peramine, lolitrem B and Ergovaline, respectively. The quantitative NIR equations obtained by modified partial least squares (MPLS) algorithm had coefficients of correlation of 0.93, 0.41, and 0.76 for peramine, lolitrem B and Ergovaline respectively.[CONCLUSION] NIRS is a suitable tool for qualitative analysis of endophyte alkaloids in grasses and for the accurate quantification of peramine and Ergovaline.This research was financed by project AGL2011-22783 granted by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) from Spain and FEDER (UE). MC Soto Barajas was supported by a CONACyT (National Council of Sciences and Technology, Mexico) doctoral fellowship. Thanks are due to Amador Alvarez for technical assistance in chemical analyses.Peer reviewe