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Ali Reza Bandani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cellular immune reactions of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps, to the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana and its secondary metabolites.
Journal of insect science (Online), 2011Co-Authors: A. Zibaee, Ali Reza Bandani, Reza Talaei-hassanlouei, Davide MalagoliAbstract:In this study, five morphological types of circulating hemocytes were recognized in the hemolymph of the adult sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), namely prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, adipohemocytes, and oenocytoids. The effects of the secondary metabolites of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana on cellular immune defenses of Eurygaster integriceps were investigated. The results showed that the fungal secondary metabolites inhibited phagocytic activity of E. integriceps hemocytes and hampered nodule formation. A reduction of phenoloxidase activity was also observed. The data suggest that B. bassiana produce secondary metabolites that disable several immune mechanisms allowing the fungus to overcome and then kill its host. This characteristic makes B. bassiana a promising model for biological control of insect pests such as E. integriceps.
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Effect of an anti-juvenile hormone agent (Precocene I) on Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) development and reproduction
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Azam Amiri, Ali Reza Bandani, RavanAbstract:Sunn pest ( Eurygaster integriceps Put.) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) is a serious pest of cereals causing severe quantitative and qualitative damage by feeding on leaves, stems and grains. Pesticide application is the main method of Sunn pest control, thus a search for developing new control methods is needed to diminish reliance on insecticides for insect control. So in the current study, the effect of an anti-juvenile hormone agent (precocene I) on the growth, reproductive biology and adult hemolymph proteins of E. integriceps females and males were investigated. The results indicated that precocene I had no acute toxicity to adults and second instars of E. integriceps . The treatment of second instars did not lead to death even in high doses, nor did it induce abnormality. The treatment of the third instar nymphs caused disorder in the physiology and increased mortality. The mortality of third instar was dose dependent (R 2 = 0.9774). Hemolymph protein concentrations in control males and females were high (2497.95 ± 0.04 and 2088 ± 0.04, respectively), but they decreased with the starting of oviposition. Hemolymph protein concentrations in treated females were lower than the control, at first day after treatment. With passage of time, hemolymph protein concentrations remained constant and decreased near oviposition. Total protein concentration in males and females was nearly equal, and there were no significant differences among them (P > 0.01). Precocene I also affected the number of eggs laid by females and the percentage of hatched eggs. It can be said that the effect of precocene I was stage- and age-specific, that is, its effects were varied with stage of the insect and its age in that stage. When used in early growth stage, its effect was less. However, when used in the late developmental stage its effect was more apparent and increased mortality as well as abnormalities. Keywords: Eurygaster integriceps Put, precocene I, hemolymph protein concentration, immature development, reproduction African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5859-5868, 6 September, 2010
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Effects of the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen on immature stages of Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton
Munis Entomology and Zoology, 2010Co-Authors: M. Mojaver, Ali Reza BandaniAbstract:The effect of insect growth regulator (pyriproxyfen) on immature stages (eggs and nymphs) of Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae), which is of great importance in wheat and barley fields as nymphal and adult stages, was determined. When one day old eggs were treated with concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, 10, 100 and 1000 ppm, the egg hatchability were 96.90, 92.38, 98.4, 93.21 and 55.23 %, respectively. Similar results obtained when 3 day-old eggs were treated. However, when 5 day-old eggs were treated, no significant differences in egg hatchability between treatments observed (F = 1.51, P > 0.01). Adult weight was significantly influenced by treatment of nymphal instars. Treatments of first nymphal instars caused significant differences in adult weight between control and treatments (F = 25.63, P 0.1). Adult emergence, sex ratio, nymphal survival rate and adults abnormalities were also affected by pyriproxyfen treatments of nymphs.
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Subcellular fractionation of midgut cells of the sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae): enzyme markers of microvillar and perimicrovillar membranes.
Journal of insect physiology, 2009Co-Authors: M. Allahyari, Ali Reza Bandani, Mehran Habibi-rezaeiAbstract:The subcellular distributions of six digestive and non-digestive enzymes (alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, aminopeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase) of Eurygaster integriceps have been studied. The subcellular distributions of acid phosphatase and alpha-glucosidase are similar and the gradient ultracentrifugation profiles of these two enzymes overlap. Two partially membrane-bound enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and beta-glucosidase have similar distributions in differential centrifugation fractions, which are different from that of alpha-glucosidase. Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation of membranes from luminal contents showed that beta-glucosidase carrying membranes are heavier. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that the profile of proteins extracted from beta-glucosidase carrying membranes is different from that of alpha-glucosidase carrying membranes. We conclude that beta-glucosidase and aminopeptidase are markers of microvillar membrane (MM) and perimicrovillar space, respectively, while alpha-glucosidase and acid phosphatase are perimicrovillar markers. In E. integriceps V1 luminal content is a rich source of PMM and MM and that is used to resolve these membranes.
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Study on Salivary Glands α-amylase In Wheat Bug Eurygaster maura (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Mohammad Mehrabadi, Ali Reza BandaniAbstract:α-amylase activity in the salivary glands of Eurygaster maura was determined by biochemical experiments. Some of adult insect was collected and their salivary glands isolated and characterized. Enzyme samples from salivary glands of adults were prepared by the method of Cohen with slight modifications. α-Amylase activity was assayed based on Bernfeld method by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) procedure. The activity of α-amylase in salivary glands was 0.050 U/insect. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity was determined to be 6.5-7 and 30-35°C, respectively. The enzyme activity was inhibited by addition of EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) urea, CaCl2, MgCl2 and SDS but Mg2+, NaCl and KCl enhanced enzyme activity.
Hamit Köksel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of a glutenin-specific serine proteinase of Sunn bug Eurygaster integricepts Put.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Alexander V. Konarev, Hamit Köksel, Frédéric Beaudoin, Justin Marsh, Nina A. Vilkova, Ludmila I. Nefedova, Dilek Sivri, Peter R. Shewry, Alison LovegroveAbstract:Glutenin hydrolyzing proteinases (GHPs) have been purified, by affinity chromatography, from wheat seeds damaged by the Sunn bug Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera, Scutelleridae). A 28 kDa protein was partially sequenced by mass spectrometry and Edman degradation which showed homology to serine proteases from various insects. Three full length clones were obtained from cDNA isolated from Sunn bug salivary glands using degenerate PCR based on the sequences obtained. The cleavage site of the protease was determined using recombinant and synthetic peptides and shown to be between the consensus hexapeptide and nonapeptide repeat motifs present in the high molecular weight subunits of wheat glutenin (PGQGQQ∧GYYPTSLQQ). Homology models were generated for the three proteinases identified in this study using the high resolution X-ray structure of a crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) trypsin complexed with a peptide inhibitor as template (PDB accession 2F91). The novel specificity of this protease may find applications in both fundamental and applied studies.
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Wheat Intercultivar Differences in Susceptibility of Glutenin Protein to Effects of Bug (Eurygaster integriceps) Protease
Cereal Chemistry Journal, 2002Co-Authors: D. Sivri, H. D. Sapirstein, W. Bushuk, Hamit KökselAbstract:ABSTRACT Preharvest bug damage to wheat can cause significant losses in bread-making quality. One of the most prevalent forms of bug damage which frequently occurs in most countries of the Middle East, Eastern Europe and North Africa can be attributed to Heteropterous insects, particularly Eurygaster spp. Intercultivar differences in the susceptibility of glutenin to proteolytic degradation by the bug Eurygaster integriceps were investigated using six breadwheat cultivars of Turkish origin. Crude enzyme extract was prepared with distilled water from bug-damaged wheat. The freeze-dried extract was blended with sound samples of ground wheat, and the mixture was incubated in distilled water for 30 and 60 min at 37°C and subsequently freeze-dried. The proteolytic effects of bug damage were determined on large polymeric glutenin. The latter was measured as 50% 1-propanol insoluble (50PI) glutenin extractable with 50% 1-propanol in reductant dithiothreitol. The decreases in the amount of 50PI glutenin and the h...
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commercial milling of suni bug Eurygaster spp damaged wheat
Nahrung-food, 2002Co-Authors: Hamit Köksel, A Atli, A Dag, D. SivriAbstract:In some wheat growing countries, considerable quantities of commercial wheat are rendered unusable in standard milling because of pre-harvest damage of the grain by protease-injecting insects. The possibility of mitigating the detrimental effects of bug damage by eliminating the mill streams of lower quality from straight run flour was investigated. The changes in the amount of damaged kernels by cleaning and washing prior to milling were also examined. Dry cleaning decreased the level of insect damage from 26.4% to 23.0%. A further improvement to 12.8% was obtained by removing the light-density bug-damaged kernels by washing. There were substantial differences among the mill streams of the commercial mill as evaluated by the standard and modified sedimentation tests and standard alveograph test. The best streams were those from the first, second, third and fourth reductions. Des quantites considerables de ble sont rendues inutilisables dans la meunerie par des insectes injectant des proteases aux grains avant la recolte. Dans cette etude, la possibilite d'attenuer ces dommages en eliminant les farines de moins bonne qualite est recherchee. Les changements en amont des grains endommages par nettoyage et lavage avant la mouture sont aussi examines. Une epuration par voie seche reduit le taux de grains endommages de 26,4 a 23,0%. Le lavage permet d'arriver a 12,8%. Les farines obtenues sont ensuite comparees aux farines commerciales standards.
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Effects of Wheat Bug (Eurygaster maura) Protease on Glutenin Proteins
Cereal Chemistry Journal, 1999Co-Authors: D. Sivri, H. D. Sapirstein, Hamit Köksel, W. BushukAbstract:ABSTRACT Proteolytic degradation of 50% 1-propanol insoluble (50PI) glutenin of six common wheat cultivars by wheat bug (Eurygaster maura) protease was investigated using reversed-phase HPLC. Wheat at the milk-ripe stage was manually infested with adult bugs. After harvest, bug-damaged kernels were blended (2:1, kernel basis) with undamaged grain of the same cultivar. Samples of ground wheat were incubated in distilled water for different times (0, 30, 60, and 120 min). The incubated whole meal samples were subsequently freeze-dried and stored until analysis. The degree of proteolytic degradation of 50PI glutenin was determined based on the quantity of total glutenin subunits (GS), high molecular weight GS (HMW-GS), and low molecular weight GS (LMW-GS). For ground wheat samples incubated for ≥30 min, 50PI glutenin was substantially degraded as evidenced by a >80% decrease on average in total GS, HMW-GS, and LMW-GS. Some cultivars showed different patterns of glutenin proteolysis as revealed by differences...
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Effects of wheat bug (Eurygaster maura) proteolytic enzymes on electrophoretic properties of gluten proteins
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 1998Co-Authors: D. Sivri, Hamit Köksel, W. BushukAbstract:Abstract Hydrolysis of gluten proteins of six bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars damaged by Eurygaster maura was investigated by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A‐PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). Electrophoresis results showed that bug proteolytic enzymes clearly affected gliadin and glutenin proteins of damaged wheats. Some new bands of low and high mobility appeared in the A‐PAGE electrophoregrams. These new bands and the bands in the original gliadin and glutenin patterns disappeared with increasing incubation times. Especially high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were most strongly affected by the bug protease, and disappeared at 120 min of incubation (except ‘Ankara'). However, some of the low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunits were not affected as much as HMW glutenin subunits and were still visible even after the longest incubation time investigated. Electrophoretic patterns of some cultivars with the same level of pro...
David L. Denlinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of a putative antifreeze protein gene that is highly expressed during preparation for winter in the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura
Journal of insect physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Nurper Guz, Umut Toprak, M. Oktay Gurkan, Asli Dageri, David L. DenlingerAbstract:A cDNA library generated from the fat body of field-collected, diapausing adults of the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura revealed the presence of a transcript that encodes a protein that shares the distinct physiochemical and structural features of an insect antifreeze protein. The transcript, which is most abundant in the midgut, accumulates in adults as they leave the fields in late summer and migrate to surrounding mountainous areas to overwinter. Transcript abundance again declines when adults return to the fields the following spring. This winter pattern of abundance suggests that this protein may be critical for winter survival in the cold regions where the bug enters its obligatory diapause.
Nurper Guz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of a putative antifreeze protein gene that is highly expressed during preparation for winter in the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura
Journal of insect physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Nurper Guz, Umut Toprak, M. Oktay Gurkan, Asli Dageri, David L. DenlingerAbstract:A cDNA library generated from the fat body of field-collected, diapausing adults of the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura revealed the presence of a transcript that encodes a protein that shares the distinct physiochemical and structural features of an insect antifreeze protein. The transcript, which is most abundant in the midgut, accumulates in adults as they leave the fields in late summer and migrate to surrounding mountainous areas to overwinter. Transcript abundance again declines when adults return to the fields the following spring. This winter pattern of abundance suggests that this protein may be critical for winter survival in the cold regions where the bug enters its obligatory diapause.
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Identification and coordinated expression of perilipin genes in the biological cycle of sunn pest, Eurygaster maura (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae): implications for lipolysis and lipogenesis.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B Biochemistry & molecular biology, 2014Co-Authors: Umut Toprak, Nurper Guz, M. Oktay Gurkan, Dwayne D. HegedusAbstract:The sunn pest, Eurygaster spp., is one of the most destructive pests of grains in Asia, Europe and Africa. The nymphs and adults feed voraciously in the field by late-spring, followed by migration of adults into mountains for diapause, which includes estivation by late summer and hibernation during winter. Adults migrate back to the field by the end of diapause in mid-spring, where they mate and lay eggs. To understand how sunn pest survives and maintains basic metabolic functions without feeding for 7 months during diapause, this study focused on lipid metabolism as the major source of energy production, and the primary organ of lipid metabolism, the fat body. Studies on lipid metabolism revealed two major factors referred to perilipin protein family, Lipid Storage Droplet Protein 1 (LSD1) and Lipid Storage Droplet Protein 2 (LSD2), which are involved in hydrolysis and accumulation of lipids, respectively. In this study, two LSD (EmLSD1-2) orthologues in the hemimetabolous Eurygaster maura were identified. EmLSD1 and EmLSD2 genes were expressed in multiple tissues, but primarily in fat body. Both genes were continuously expressed throughout the insect's life cycle but peaked in the 4th nymphal stage. Their expression patterns were in accordance with the biological roles of LSDs. EmLSD1 expression peaked in non-feeding stages supporting its lipolytic role, while the highest level of EmLSD2 expression was in feeding stages supporting its lipogenetic role. Expression patterns of both genes differed in females and males. Overall, expression patterns of EmLSDs provide clues to understanding the interesting life cycle of sunn pest.
Erhan Koçak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Süne (Eurygaster integriceps)’de Wolbachia Varlığı
2020Co-Authors: Erhan KoçakAbstract:Turkiye'de bugdayin en onemli zararlisi olan sune Eurygaster integriceps ulkemizde Marmara, Guneydogu Anadolu, Dogu Anadolu ve Dogu Akdeniz bolgelerinde yayilis gostermektedir. Calisma kapsaminda bu bolgelerde her ilden 10 adet olmak uzere toplam 15 ilden (Adiyaman, Agri, Bingol, Bursa, Canakkale, Diyarbakir, Edirne, Kahramanmaras, Kirklareli, Icel, Sakarya, Siirt, Şirnak ve Tunceli) 150 adet erkek sune toplanmistir. Bu bireylerde endosimbiont bakteri olan Wolbachia’nin varligi ve bulunma orani wsp primerleri modifiye edilmis ve elde edilen PCR reaksiyonlarindan sekans yapilarak belirlenmistir. Wolbachia bulunma oraninin bolgeler duzeyinde %85-98 oldugu belirlenmistir. Sonuc olarak Wolbachia’nin E. integriceps turunde yaygin olarak (%94.6) bulundugu gorulmustur. Bu calisma Sune - Wolbachia iliskisinin arastirildigi ilk calismadir.
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Mortality of Isaria farinosa and Beauveria bassiana on sunn pests Eurygaster integriceps and Eurygaster austriaca
Phytoparasitica, 2013Co-Authors: Murat Muştu, Fikret Demirci, Erhan KoçakAbstract:The effects of Isaria farinosa (Holm.) and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) on adult stages of sunn pests Eurygaster integriceps Puton and Eurygaster austriaca (Schrk.) were investigated at 27±1°C, 95% r.h. and 16L:8D in the laboratory. Two concentrations, 1×106 and 1×108 conidia ml-1, were used. Mortality of inoculated and non-inoculated adults was counted at 6, 9 and 12 days after treatment. Beauveria bassiana caused higher mortality of both species than I. farinosa. Neither caused significantly high mortality at 1×106 conidia ml-1. Both were more pathogenic at 1×108 conidia ml-1 and caused more than 85% mortality 12 days post treatment. Both were more pathogenic to E. austriaca.
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Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps PUTON, Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) and its scelionid (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and tachinid (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitoids in Iran
2010Co-Authors: N. Samin, M. Shojai, Shahriar Asgari, Hassan Ghahari, Erhan KoçakAbstract:Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps PUTON (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) is the main pest in wheat fields of Iran. The list of Scelionidae (Hymenoptera) and Tachinidae (Diptera) as the parasitoids of sunn pest are summarized in this paper. Totally 19 scelionid and 7 tachinid species are listed as the parasitoids of sunn pest in Iran.
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orta anadolu bolgesi kislaklarindaki Eurygaster heteroptera scutelleridae turleri
Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 2005Co-Authors: Erhan Koçak, Numan BabaroğluAbstract:Bu calismada, Turkiye’de bugdaygillerin en onemli zararlisi olan Eurygaster turlerinin Orta Anadolu Bolgesindeki durumunu yeniden degerlendirmek amaciyla Afyon, Aksaray, Ankara, Cankiri, Corum, Eskisehir, Karaman, Kirikkale, Kirsehir, Konya, Nevsehir, Sivas ve Yozgat olmak uzere 13 ile ait 36 kislaktan toplam 4942 birey tanilanmis ve uc tur belirlenmistir. E. maura (L.) % 93.7 ile baskin tur olup, bunu sirasiyla % 6.2 ile E. austriaca (Schrk.) ve % 0.1 ile E. dilaticollis Dohrn izlemistir. E. maura survey yapilan tum illerde, E. austriaca Eskisehir, Karaman ve Sivas disinda diger illerde belirlenmistir. Sadece Cankiri Ilinden elde edilen E. dilaticollis, Orta Anadolu Bolgesi icin yeni kayit niteligindedir.
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Taxonomic Studies on Trissolcus sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Egg Parasitoids of the Sunn Pest (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae: Eurygaster sp.), in Turkey
Turkish Journal of Zoology, 2003Co-Authors: Erhan Koçak, Neşet KilinçerAbstract:The egg batches with parasitoids of the sunn pest Eurygaster sp. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) were collected to determine the egg parasitoid Trissolcus species (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) of the pest from cereal areas in Turkey. In total, eight Trissolcus species, namely T. simoni Mayr, T. vassilievi Mayr, T. semistriatus Nees, T. grandis Thompson, T. manteroi Kieffer, T. pseudoturesis Rjachovsky, T. rufiventris Mayr and T. djadetshko Rjachovsky, are recognized. T. djadetshko Rjachovsky and T. manteroi Kieffer are new species for the Turkish fauna. The species are described and an identification key is provided.
