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Sangeeta Dhaubhadel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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GmMYB176 Regulates Multiple Steps in Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Soybean.
Frontiers in plant science, 2019Co-Authors: Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel, Justin B. Renaud, Sateesh Kagale, Sangeeta DhaubhadelAbstract:Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and are abundant in soybean seeds and roots. They play important roles in plant-microbial interactions and the induction of nod gene expression in Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Isoflavonoids also contribute to the positive health effects associated with soybean consumption by humans and animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates Isoflavonoid biosynthesis by activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 gene expression in soybean. Using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of GmMYB176-RNAi silenced (GmMYB176-Si), GmMYB176-overexpressed (GmMYB176-OE), and control soybean hairy roots, we identified a total of 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 995 differentially produced metabolite features (DPMF) in GmMYB176-Si hairy roots, and 5727 DEGs and 149 DPMFs in GmMYB176-OE hairy roots. By a targeted approach, 25 Isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes and 6 metabolites were identified as differentially regulated in GmMYB176-OE and GmMYB176-Si soybean hairy roots. Taken together, our results demonstrate the complexity of Isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean roots and suggest that a coordinated expression of pathway genes, substrate flux and product threshold level may contribute to the dynamic of the pathway regulation.
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Image_2_GmMYB176 Regulates Multiple Steps in Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Soybean.TIF
2019Co-Authors: Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel, Sateesh Kagale, Justin Renaud, Sangeeta DhaubhadelAbstract:Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and are abundant in soybean seeds and roots. They play important roles in plant-microbial interactions and the induction of nod gene expression in Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Isoflavonoids also contribute to the positive health effects associated with soybean consumption by humans and animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates Isoflavonoid biosynthesis by activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 gene expression in soybean. Using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of GmMYB176-RNAi silenced (GmMYB176-Si), GmMYB176-overexpressed (GmMYB176-OE), and control soybean hairy roots, we identified a total of 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 995 differentially produced metabolite features (DPMF) in GmMYB176-Si hairy roots, and 5727 DEGs and 149 DPMFs in GmMYB176-OE hairy roots. By a targeted approach, 25 Isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes and 6 metabolites were identified as differentially regulated in GmMYB176-OE and GmMYB176-Si soybean hairy roots. Taken together, our results demonstrate the complexity of Isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean roots and suggest that a coordinated expression of pathway genes, substrate flux and product threshold level may contribute to the dynamic of the pathway regulation.
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Table_1_GmMYB176 Regulates Multiple Steps in Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Soybean.DOCX
2019Co-Authors: Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel, Sateesh Kagale, Justin Renaud, Sangeeta DhaubhadelAbstract:Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and are abundant in soybean seeds and roots. They play important roles in plant-microbial interactions and the induction of nod gene expression in Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Isoflavonoids also contribute to the positive health effects associated with soybean consumption by humans and animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates Isoflavonoid biosynthesis by activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 gene expression in soybean. Using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of GmMYB176-RNAi silenced (GmMYB176-Si), GmMYB176-overexpressed (GmMYB176-OE), and control soybean hairy roots, we identified a total of 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 995 differentially produced metabolite features (DPMF) in GmMYB176-Si hairy roots, and 5727 DEGs and 149 DPMFs in GmMYB176-OE hairy roots. By a targeted approach, 25 Isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes and 6 metabolites were identified as differentially regulated in GmMYB176-OE and GmMYB176-Si soybean hairy roots. Taken together, our results demonstrate the complexity of Isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean roots and suggest that a coordinated expression of pathway genes, substrate flux and product threshold level may contribute to the dynamic of the pathway regulation.
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Table_4_GmMYB176 Regulates Multiple Steps in Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis in Soybean.XLSX
2019Co-Authors: Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel, Sateesh Kagale, Justin Renaud, Sangeeta DhaubhadelAbstract:Isoflavonoids are a group of plant natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by legumes, and are abundant in soybean seeds and roots. They play important roles in plant-microbial interactions and the induction of nod gene expression in Rhizobia that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Isoflavonoids also contribute to the positive health effects associated with soybean consumption by humans and animals. An R1 MYB transcription factor GmMYB176 regulates Isoflavonoid biosynthesis by activating chalcone synthase (CHS) 8 gene expression in soybean. Using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of GmMYB176-RNAi silenced (GmMYB176-Si), GmMYB176-overexpressed (GmMYB176-OE), and control soybean hairy roots, we identified a total of 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 995 differentially produced metabolite features (DPMF) in GmMYB176-Si hairy roots, and 5727 DEGs and 149 DPMFs in GmMYB176-OE hairy roots. By a targeted approach, 25 Isoflavonoid biosynthetic genes and 6 metabolites were identified as differentially regulated in GmMYB176-OE and GmMYB176-Si soybean hairy roots. Taken together, our results demonstrate the complexity of Isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean roots and suggest that a coordinated expression of pathway genes, substrate flux and product threshold level may contribute to the dynamic of the pathway regulation.
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twin anchors of the soybean Isoflavonoid metabolon evidence for tethering of the complex to the endoplasmic reticulum by ifs and c4h
Plant Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Sangeeta Dhaubhadel, Mehran Dastmalchi, Mark A BernardsAbstract:Summary Isoflavonoids are specialized plant metabolites, almost exclusive to legumes, and their biosynthesis forms a branch of the diverse phenylpropanoid pathway. Plant metabolism may be coordinated at many levels, including formation of protein complexes, or ‘metabolons’, which represent the molecular level of organization. Here, we have confirmed the existence of the long-postulated Isoflavonoid metabolon by identifying elements of the complex, their subcellular localizations and their interactions. Isoflavone synthase (IFS) and cinnamate 4–hydroxylase (C4H) have been shown to be tandem P450 enzymes that are anchored in the ER, interacting with soluble enzymes of the phenylpropanoid and Isoflavonoid pathways (chalcone synthase, chalcone reductase and chalcone isomerase). The soluble enzymes of these pathways, whether localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus, are tethered to the ER through interaction with these P450s. The complex is also held together by interactions between the soluble elements. We provide evidence for IFS interaction with upstream and non-consecutive enzymes. The existence of such a protein complex suggests a possible mechanism for flux of metabolites into the Isoflavonoid pathway. Further, through interaction studies, we identified several candidates that are associated with GmIFS2, an isoform of IFS, in soybean hairy roots. This list provides additional candidates for various biosynthetic and structural elements that are involved in Isoflavonoid production. Our interaction studies provide valuable information about isoform specificity among Isoflavonoid enzymes, which may guide future engineering of the pathway in legumes or help overcome bottlenecks in heterologous expression.
Jean-paul Vincken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variation in accumulation of Isoflavonoids in Phaseoleae seedlings elicited by Rhizopus.
Food chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Siti Aisyah, Harry Gruppen, Silvia Andini, Monique Bettonvil, Edouard Severing, Jean-paul VinckenAbstract:Seeds from seven species of tribe Phaseoleae, i.e. Phaseolus, Vigna, Lablab and Psophocarpus, were investigated for inducibility of Isoflavonoids by germination with or without subsequent elicitation with Rhizopus oryzae. Germination alone poorly induced Isoflavonoid production (in the range of 0.2-0.7 mg representative compound equivalents (RCE)/g DW), whereas application of Rhizopus onto the seedlings increased the Isoflavonoid content considerably (in the range of 0.5-3.3 mg RCE/g DW). The inducibility of different Isoflavonoid subclasses in seedlings with Rhizopus varied per species. Isoflavones and isoflavanones were mainly found in elicited seedlings of Phaseolus, Vigna and Lablab, whereas pterocarpans were mainly observed in those of Psophocarpus. Despite their phylogenetic relatedness, the seeds of various species within Phaseoleae appeared to respond differently towards elicitation by Rhizopus during germination. The kind of molecules induced followed the phylogenetic relationship of the various species, but their amounts induced during germination, alone or combined with elicitation, did not.
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Modulation of Isoflavonoid composition of Rhizopus oryzae elicited soybean (Glycine max) seedlings by light and wounding.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Siti Aisyah, Harry Gruppen, Betty Madzora, Jean-paul VinckenAbstract:The Isoflavonoid profile of soybean was altered in different ways by stimulation of defense response upon germination. The combination of simultaneous germination and induction by Rhizopus oryzae increased the total Isoflavonoid content of soybeans over 2-fold. Pterocarpans became the predominant Isoflavonoids, up to 50% (w/w) of total Isoflavonoids. To modulate both Isoflavonoid content and composition further, the treatment was extended with wounding or light stimuli. The total Isoflavonoid content could be increased over 3-fold compared to untreated beans by growing fungus-elicited soybean seedlings in light, whereas wounding was less effective. Interestingly, light altered the composition of prenylated pterocarpans by mediating the position of prenylation. The 2-prenylated pterocarpan level increased 2-fold, whereas that of 4-prenylated pterocarpan remained similar. Taken together, fungus was the most effective elicitor to alter the Isoflavonoid content and composition of soybean seedlings, the impact of which can be further enhanced and mediated by additional stimuli, particularly light.
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Prenylated Isoflavonoids from plants as selective estrogen receptor modulators (phytoSERMs)
Food & function, 2012Co-Authors: Rudy Simons, Harry Gruppen, Toine F H Bovee, Marian A Verbruggen, Jean-paul VinckenAbstract:Isoflavonoids are a class of secondary metabolites, which comprise amongst others the subclasses of isoflavones, isoflavans, pterocarpans and coumestans. Isoflavonoids are abundant in Leguminosae, and many of them can bind to the human estrogen receptor (hER) with affinities similar to or lower than that of estradiol. Dietary intake of these so-called phytoestrogens has been associated with positive effects on menopausal complaints, hormone-related cancers, and osteoporosis. Therefore, phytoestrogens are used as nutraceuticals in functional foods or food supplements. Most of the Isoflavonoids show agonistic activity towards both hERα and hERβ, the extent of which is modulated by the substitution pattern of their skeleton (i.e. –OH, –OCH3). Interestingly, substitutions consisting of a five-carbon prenyl group often seem to result in an antiestrogenic activity. There is growing evidence that the action of some of these prenylated Isoflavonoids is tissue-specific, suggesting that they act like selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as the well-known chemically synthesized raloxifene and tamoxifen. These so-called phytoSERMS might have high potential for realizing new food and pharma applications. In this review, the structural features of Isoflavonoids (i.e. the kind of skeleton and prenylation (e.g. chain or pyran), position of the prenyl group on the skeleton, and the extent of prenylation (single, double)) are discussed in relation to their estrogenic activity. Anti-estrogenic and SERM activity of Isoflavonoids was always associated with prenylation, but these activities did not seem to be confined to one particular kind/position of prenylation or Isoflavonoid subclass. Few estrogens with agonistic activity were prenylated, but these were not tested for antagonistic activity; possibly, these molecules will turn out to be phytoSERMs as well. Furthermore, the data on the dietary occurrence, bioavailability and metabolism of prenylated Isoflavonoids are discussed.
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increasing soy Isoflavonoid content and diversity by simultaneous malting and challenging by a fungus to modulate estrogenicity
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Rudy Simons, Jean-paul Vincken, Nikolaos Roidos, Toine F H Bovee, Martijn Van Iersel, Marian A Verbruggen, Harry GruppenAbstract:Soybeans were germinated on a kilogram-scale, by the application of malting technology used in the brewing industry, and concomitantly challenged with Rhizopus microsporus var. oryzae. In a time-course experiment, samples were taken every 24 h for 10 days, and the Isoflavonoid profile was analyzed by RP-UHPLC-MS. Upon induction with R. microsporus, the Isoflavonoid composition changed drastically with the formation of phytoalexins belonging to the subclasses of the pterocarpans and coumestans and by prenylation of the various Isoflavonoids. The pterocarpan content stabilized at 2.24 mg of daidzein equivalents (DE) per g after 9 days. The levels of the less common glyceofuran, glyceollin IV, and V/VI ranged from 0.18 to 0.35 mg DE/g and were comparable to those of the more commonly reported glyceollins I, II, and III (0.22–0.32 mg DE/g) and glycinol (0.42 mg DE/g). The content of prenylated isoflavones after the induction process was 0.30 mg DE/g. The total Isoflavonoid content increased by a factor of 10–12 on DW basis after 9 days, which was suggested to be ascribable to de novo synthesis. These changes were accompanied by a gradual increase in agonistic activity of the extracts toward both the estrogen receptor a (ERa) and ERs during the 10-day induction, with a more pronounced activity toward ERs. Thus, the induction process yielded a completely different spectrum of Isoflavonoids, with a much higher bioactivity toward the estrogen receptors. This, together with the over 10-fold increase in potential bioactives, offers promising perspectives for producing more, novel, and higher potency nutraceuticals by malting under stressed conditions.
Joanne L Slavin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of soybean processing habitual diet and soy dose on urinary Isoflavonoid excretion
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1998Co-Authors: Joanne L Slavin, Andrea M Hutchins, Susan C Karr, Johanna W LampeAbstract:In an attempt to explain the wide individual variation seen in urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen excretion, we conducted a series of 3 human feeding studies: a large cross-sectional study of equol production in humans with a soy challenge, a comparison of phytoestrogen metabolism when subjects consumed fermented and unfermented soy products, and a dose-response study of urinary Isoflavonoid excretion at the low end of soy consumption. All studies were conducted in young, healthy humans. Urinary Isoflavonoids were measured by isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Similar to results from other studies, 35% of screened subjects (30 men and 30 women) excreted equol (>2000 nmol/d). In women, equol excretion was associated with higher intake of dietary fiber and carbohydrate. Fermentation of soy decreased the isoflavone content of the product fed but increased the urinary Isoflavonoid recovery, suggesting that fermentation increases availability of isoflavones in soy. When soy-protein powder was fed at 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/d (0-36 mg isoflavones), there was a linear dose response of urinary Isoflavonoid excretion to soy consumption that did not differ between subjects with high and low equol excretion. These results suggest that equol excretion may be related to the fermentable carbohydrate content of the diet; additional study is needed. Processing of soy affects isoflavone metabolism and must be considered in recommending exposure to isoflavones from soyfoods. Although optimal isoflavone exposure for disease protection has not been determined, urinary Isoflavonoid excretion appears linear at low-to-moderate soy consumption.
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vegetables fruits and legumes effect on urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1995Co-Authors: Andrea M Hutchins, Johanna W Lampe, Margaret C Martini, Deborah R Campbell, Joanne L SlavinAbstract:Abstract Objective To compare the effect of vegetable, fruit, and legume consumption on urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion. Design After 4 days of data collection, during which subjects consumed their habitual diets, subjects were randomly placed on four 9-day controlled experimental diets with each subject receiving each diet in a random order. Subjects Seven men and three women, aged 20 to 35 years, were recruited from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities community. Interventions All subjects consumed four experimental diets in an assigned random order: a controlled basal diet, a legume/allium diet (containing garbanzo beans, garlic, and onions), and diets low or high in vegetables and fruits (containing apples, pears, potatoes, and carrots). Main outcome measures Urine samples that were collected while subjects consumed their habitual diets and during the last 3 days of each feeding period were analyzed for Isoflavonoid and lignan content using isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis performed The effect of vegetable and fruit intake on urinary Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion was analyzed using the general linear model procedure. Post hoc comparisons were made using Duncan's multiple range test. Results Subjects excreted more of the lignan enterodiol on the high vegetable/fruit diet compared with the basal and legume/allium diets ( P =.03); more of the Isoflavonoids O -desmethylangolensin ( O -DMA), genistein, and sum of Isoflavonoids on the legume/allium diet compared with the other controlled diets ( P P Conclusions Urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion changed in response to alterations in vegetable, fruit, and legume intake under controlled dietary conditions. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:769-774.
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urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion after consumption of fermented and unfermented soy products
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1995Co-Authors: Andrea M Hutchins, Joanne L Slavin, Johanna W LampeAbstract:Abstract Objective To compare the effects of consumption of fermented and unfermented soy products on excretion of urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogens and lignans in healthy men. Design A randomized, crossover trial consisting of two 9-day feeding periods following 5 days of baseline data collection. Subjects Healthy men, aged 20 to 40 years, were recruited from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities community. Of the 22 subjects who began the study, 17 completed all feeding periods. Interventions Fermented soy product (112 g tempeh) or unfermented soy (125 g soybean pieces) was consumed during each controlled feeding period. Main outcome measure Urine samples collected while subjects consumed their habitual diets and on the last 3 days of each feeding period were analyzed for Isoflavonoid and lignan content by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis performed Comparisons of Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion were analyzed using the general linear model procedure. Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine treatment differences of interest. Results Urinary excretion of Isoflavonoids (equol, O- desmethylangolensin [ O -DMA], daidzein, genistein) was higher and excretion of lignans (enterodiol, enterolactone) was lower when subjects consumed soy-supplemented diets than when they consumed their habitual diets ( P P O -DMA and daidzein than the 12 subjects who excreted low amounts of equol ( P Conclusions Fermentation of soy decreased the isoflavone content of the product fed but increased the urinary Isoflavonoid recovery. This finding suggests that fermentation increases availability of isoflavones in soy. J Am DietAssoc. 1995; 95:545-551 .
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urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion in men and women consuming vegetable and soy diets
Nutrition and Cancer, 1995Co-Authors: Lisa M Kirkman, Johanna W Lampe, Margaret C Martini, Deborah R Campbell, Joanne L SlavinAbstract:Urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion were examined in 11 men and 9 women consuming four nine-day controlled experimental diets: basal (vegetable free), carotenoid vegetable (carrot and spinach), cruciferous vegetable (broccoli and cauliflower), and soy (tofu and textured vegetable protein product). Three-day urine collections (Days 7-9) were analyzed for lignans and Isoflavonoids with use of isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Urinary excretion of the lignans enterodiol and enterolactone was higher during the carotenoid and cruciferous vegetable diets than during the basal diet (p = 0.0001), suggesting that these vegetables may provide a source of mammalian lignan precursors. Urinary excretion of the Isoflavonoids equol, O-desmethylangolensin, daidzein, and genistein was higher when subjects consumed soy diets than when they consumed the other test diets (p < 0.02). Gender differences in lignan excretion were observed. Men excreted more enterolactone (p = 0.006) and less enterodiol (p = 0.013) than women, implying a gender difference in colonic bacterial metabolism of lignans. There was no effect of gender on Isoflavonoid excretion.
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urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion in premenopausal women consuming flaxseed powder
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1994Co-Authors: Johanna W Lampe, Margaret C Martini, Herman Adlercreutz, Mindy S Kurzer, Joanne L SlavinAbstract:Lignans and Isoflavonoid phytoestrogens, produced from plant precursors by colonic bacteria, may protect against certain cancers. We examined the effects of flaxseed consumption on urinary lignans and Isoflavonoids. Eighteen women consumed their usual omnivorous diets for three menstrual cycles and their usual diets supplemented with flaxseed powder (10 g/d) for three cycles in a randomized crossover design. Three-day urine samples from follicular and luteal phases were analyzed for lignans and Isoflavonoids by isotope-dilution gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. Excretion of the lignans enterodiol and enterolactone increased with flaxseed from 1.09 +/- 1.08 and 3.16 +/- 1.47 to 19.48 +/- 1.10 and 27.79 +/- 1.50 mumol/d, respectively (P < 0.0002). Enterodiol and enterolactone excretion varied among subjects in response to flaxseed (3- to 285-fold increase). There were no differences in excretion of Isoflavonoids (daidzein, genistein, equol, and O-desmethylangolensin) or the lignan matairesinol with flaxseed. Excretion was not altered by phase of menstrual cycle or duration of flaxseed consumption.
Sompop Prathanturarug - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of abiotic and biotic elicitors on growth and Isoflavonoid accumulation in pueraria candollei var candollei and p candollei var mirifica cell suspension cultures
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2010Co-Authors: Sirintra Korsangruang, Noppamas Soonthornchareonnon, Yupyn Chintapakorn, Promchit Saralamp, Sompop PrathanturarugAbstract:This study demonstrates the effects of various concentrations of abiotic and biotic elicitors on the cell growth and Isoflavonoid accumulation of P. candollei var. mirifica (PM) and P. candollei var. candollei (PC) cell suspension cultures. The two plant varieties exhibited different growth responses and varied Isoflavonoid accumulation after the addition of elicitors. Copper sulfate, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and yeast extract did not significantly affect the growth of either plant variety, whereas oligosaccharide and the biotic elicitors used in this study [i.e., 50 mg l−1 chitosan and all concentrations of laminarin (LAM)] suppressed the growth of PM. The addition of MeJA to the medium principally induced an effect on the Isoflavonoid content in both PM and PC, with 2.0 μM MeJA inducing the highest Isoflavonoid content, as indicated by the induction index—4.41 in PM and 9.62 in PC cells on the 12th and ninth day of culture, respectively. A maximum total Isoflavonoid content of 40.49 mg g−1 dry weight was achieved in PM 21 days after elicitation with 2.0 μM MeJA. LAM elicited the PM cell suspension culture to produce puerarin, which was not found in the unelicited culture. The results of this study provide information that will be useful for enhancing the accumulation of Isoflavonoids in P. candollei cell suspension cultures.
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Growth and Isoflavonoid accumulation of Pueraria candollei var. candollei and P. candollei var. mirifica cell suspension cultures
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2010Co-Authors: Panitch Boonsnongcheep, Sirintra Korsangruang, Noppamas Soonthornchareonnon, Yupyn Chintapakorn, Promchit Saralamp, Sompop PrathanturarugAbstract:We established cell suspension cultures derived from leaf, stem, and root calli of Pueraria candollei var. candollei and P. candollei var. mirifica using liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.56 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 4.52 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Growth of the cell suspension cultures progressed to the stationary phase within 15–24 days. Methanolic extracts of cell suspension cultures of both varieties of P. candollei were analyzed using a validated HPLC protocol. All cell lines derived from leaf, stem, and root explants produced four major Isoflavonoids: daidzein, daidzin, genistein, and genistin; these Isoflavonoids were detected only in the roots of intact plants. Furthermore, the Isoflavonoid contents of the cell suspension cultures were higher than those of intact plants. Thus, cell suspension culture of both varieties of P. candollei may be an effective tool for Isoflavonoid production.
Johanna W Lampe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urinary Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion on a western diet relation to soy vegetable and fruit intake
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 1999Co-Authors: Johanna W Lampe, Kristina Wahala, Deborah R Gustafson, Andrea M Hutchins, Margaret C Martini, Sue Li, Gregory A Grandits, John D PotterAbstract:Dietary isoflavone and lignan phytoestrogens are potential chemopreventive agents. This has led to a need to monitor exposure to these compounds in human populations and to determine which components of a mixed diet contribute to the exposure. Typically, urinary Isoflavonoid excretion is associated with soy consumption and that of lignans is associated with whole grains. However, other plant foods are known to contain phytoestrogen precursors. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between urinary Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion and intakes of vegetables and fruits (VF P = 0.0001), O -desmethylangolensin ( r = 0.37; P = 0.0002), daidzein ( r = 0.34; P = 0.0007), and the sum of Isoflavonoids ( r = 0.39; P = 0.0001). There was no association between equol excretion and soy intake or between the Isoflavonoids and any other VF however, additional “hidden sources” of soy may also contribute to exposure. In contrast, a variety of fiber-containing foods contributed to lignan excretion; the sum of the urinary lignans, enterodiol, enterolactone, and matairesinol, was associated with intake of total F ( r = 0.27; P = 0.008), total VF P = 0.01), soyfoods ( r = 0.28; P = 0.006), and dietary fiber ( r = 0.36; P = 0.0003). Overall, urinary phytoestrogens (Isoflavonoids + lignans) were significantly higher in “high” compared with “low” VF thus, the urinary phytoestrogens may also be a useful marker of healthier dietary patterns.
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influence of soybean processing habitual diet and soy dose on urinary Isoflavonoid excretion
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1998Co-Authors: Joanne L Slavin, Andrea M Hutchins, Susan C Karr, Johanna W LampeAbstract:In an attempt to explain the wide individual variation seen in urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen excretion, we conducted a series of 3 human feeding studies: a large cross-sectional study of equol production in humans with a soy challenge, a comparison of phytoestrogen metabolism when subjects consumed fermented and unfermented soy products, and a dose-response study of urinary Isoflavonoid excretion at the low end of soy consumption. All studies were conducted in young, healthy humans. Urinary Isoflavonoids were measured by isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Similar to results from other studies, 35% of screened subjects (30 men and 30 women) excreted equol (>2000 nmol/d). In women, equol excretion was associated with higher intake of dietary fiber and carbohydrate. Fermentation of soy decreased the isoflavone content of the product fed but increased the urinary Isoflavonoid recovery, suggesting that fermentation increases availability of isoflavones in soy. When soy-protein powder was fed at 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/d (0-36 mg isoflavones), there was a linear dose response of urinary Isoflavonoid excretion to soy consumption that did not differ between subjects with high and low equol excretion. These results suggest that equol excretion may be related to the fermentable carbohydrate content of the diet; additional study is needed. Processing of soy affects isoflavone metabolism and must be considered in recommending exposure to isoflavones from soyfoods. Although optimal isoflavone exposure for disease protection has not been determined, urinary Isoflavonoid excretion appears linear at low-to-moderate soy consumption.
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vegetables fruits and legumes effect on urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1995Co-Authors: Andrea M Hutchins, Johanna W Lampe, Margaret C Martini, Deborah R Campbell, Joanne L SlavinAbstract:Abstract Objective To compare the effect of vegetable, fruit, and legume consumption on urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion. Design After 4 days of data collection, during which subjects consumed their habitual diets, subjects were randomly placed on four 9-day controlled experimental diets with each subject receiving each diet in a random order. Subjects Seven men and three women, aged 20 to 35 years, were recruited from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities community. Interventions All subjects consumed four experimental diets in an assigned random order: a controlled basal diet, a legume/allium diet (containing garbanzo beans, garlic, and onions), and diets low or high in vegetables and fruits (containing apples, pears, potatoes, and carrots). Main outcome measures Urine samples that were collected while subjects consumed their habitual diets and during the last 3 days of each feeding period were analyzed for Isoflavonoid and lignan content using isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis performed The effect of vegetable and fruit intake on urinary Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion was analyzed using the general linear model procedure. Post hoc comparisons were made using Duncan's multiple range test. Results Subjects excreted more of the lignan enterodiol on the high vegetable/fruit diet compared with the basal and legume/allium diets ( P =.03); more of the Isoflavonoids O -desmethylangolensin ( O -DMA), genistein, and sum of Isoflavonoids on the legume/allium diet compared with the other controlled diets ( P P Conclusions Urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion changed in response to alterations in vegetable, fruit, and legume intake under controlled dietary conditions. J Am Diet Assoc. 1995; 95:769-774.
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urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogen and lignan excretion after consumption of fermented and unfermented soy products
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 1995Co-Authors: Andrea M Hutchins, Joanne L Slavin, Johanna W LampeAbstract:Abstract Objective To compare the effects of consumption of fermented and unfermented soy products on excretion of urinary Isoflavonoid phytoestrogens and lignans in healthy men. Design A randomized, crossover trial consisting of two 9-day feeding periods following 5 days of baseline data collection. Subjects Healthy men, aged 20 to 40 years, were recruited from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities community. Of the 22 subjects who began the study, 17 completed all feeding periods. Interventions Fermented soy product (112 g tempeh) or unfermented soy (125 g soybean pieces) was consumed during each controlled feeding period. Main outcome measure Urine samples collected while subjects consumed their habitual diets and on the last 3 days of each feeding period were analyzed for Isoflavonoid and lignan content by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis performed Comparisons of Isoflavonoid and lignan excretion were analyzed using the general linear model procedure. Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine treatment differences of interest. Results Urinary excretion of Isoflavonoids (equol, O- desmethylangolensin [ O -DMA], daidzein, genistein) was higher and excretion of lignans (enterodiol, enterolactone) was lower when subjects consumed soy-supplemented diets than when they consumed their habitual diets ( P P O -DMA and daidzein than the 12 subjects who excreted low amounts of equol ( P Conclusions Fermentation of soy decreased the isoflavone content of the product fed but increased the urinary Isoflavonoid recovery. This finding suggests that fermentation increases availability of isoflavones in soy. J Am DietAssoc. 1995; 95:545-551 .
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urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion in men and women consuming vegetable and soy diets
Nutrition and Cancer, 1995Co-Authors: Lisa M Kirkman, Johanna W Lampe, Margaret C Martini, Deborah R Campbell, Joanne L SlavinAbstract:Urinary lignan and Isoflavonoid excretion were examined in 11 men and 9 women consuming four nine-day controlled experimental diets: basal (vegetable free), carotenoid vegetable (carrot and spinach), cruciferous vegetable (broccoli and cauliflower), and soy (tofu and textured vegetable protein product). Three-day urine collections (Days 7-9) were analyzed for lignans and Isoflavonoids with use of isotope-dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Urinary excretion of the lignans enterodiol and enterolactone was higher during the carotenoid and cruciferous vegetable diets than during the basal diet (p = 0.0001), suggesting that these vegetables may provide a source of mammalian lignan precursors. Urinary excretion of the Isoflavonoids equol, O-desmethylangolensin, daidzein, and genistein was higher when subjects consumed soy diets than when they consumed the other test diets (p < 0.02). Gender differences in lignan excretion were observed. Men excreted more enterolactone (p = 0.006) and less enterodiol (p = 0.013) than women, implying a gender difference in colonic bacterial metabolism of lignans. There was no effect of gender on Isoflavonoid excretion.
