Linear Complexity

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Dan Jiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Wenwen Chai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Linear Complexity direct and iterative integral equation solvers accelerated by a new rank minimized cal h 2 representation for large scale 3 d interconnect extraction
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2013
    Co-Authors: Wenwen Chai, Dan Jiao
    Abstract:

    We develop a new rank-minimized H2-matrix-based representation of the dense system matrix arising from an integral-equation (IE)-based analysis of large-scale 3-D interconnects. Different from the H2-representation generated by the existing interpolation-based method, the new H2-representation minimizes the rank in nested cluster bases and all off-diagonal blocks at all tree levels based on accuracy. The construction algorithm of the new H2-representation is applicable to both real- and complex-valued dense matrices generated from scalar and/or vector-based IE formulations. It has a Linear Complexity, and hence, the computational overhead is small. The proposed new H2-representation can be employed to accelerate both iterative and direct solutions of the IE-based dense systems of equations. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we develop a Linear-Complexity preconditioned iterative solver as well as a Linear-Complexity direct solver for the capacitance extraction of arbitrarily shaped 3-D interconnects in multiple dielectrics. The proposed Linear-Complexity solvers are shown to outperform state-of-the-art H2-based Linear-Complexity solvers in both CPU time and memory consumption. A dense matrix resulting from the capacitance extraction of a 3-D interconnect having 3.71 million unknowns and 576 conductors is inverted in fast CPU time (1.6 h), modest memory consumption (4.4 GB), and with prescribed accuracy satisfied on a single core running at 3 GHz.

  • direct matrix solution of Linear Complexity for surface integral equation based impedance extraction of complicated 3 d structures
    Proceedings of the IEEE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Wenwen Chai, Dan Jiao
    Abstract:

    We develop a Linear-Complexity direct matrix solution for the surface integral equation (IE)-based impedance extraction of arbitrarily shaped 3-D nonideal conductors embedded in a dielectric material. A direct inverse of a highly irregular system matrix composed of both dense and sparse matrix blocks is obtained in O(N) Complexity with N being the matrix size. It outperforms state-of-the-art impedance solvers, be they direct solvers or iterative solvers, with fast central processing unit (CPU) time, modest memory consumption, and without sacrificing accuracy, for both small and large number of unknowns. The inverse of a 2.68-million-unknown matrix arising from the extraction of a large-scale 3-D interconnect having 128 buses, which is a matrix solution for 2.68 million right-hand sides, was obtained in less than 1.5 GB memory and 1.3 h on a single CPU running at 3 GHz.

  • dense matrix inversion of Linear Complexity for integral equation based large scale 3 d capacitance extraction
    IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2011
    Co-Authors: Wenwen Chai, Dan Jiao
    Abstract:

    State-of-the-art integral-equation-based solvers rely on techniques that can perform a dense matrix-vector multiplication in Linear Complexity. We introduce the H2 matrix as a mathematical framework to enable a highly efficient computation of dense matrices. Under this mathematical framework, as yet, no Linear Complexity has been established for matrix inversion. In this work, we developed a matrix inverse of Linear Complexity to directly solve the dense system of Linear equations for the 3-D capacitance extraction involving arbitrary geometry and nonuniform materials. We theoretically proved the existence of the H2 matrix representation of the inverse of the dense system matrix, and revealed the relationship between the block cluster tree of the original matrix and that of its inverse. We analyzed the Complexity and the accuracy of the proposed inverse, and proved its Linear Complexity, as well as controlled accuracy. The proposed inverse-based direct solver has demonstrated clear advantages over state-of-the-art capacitance solvers such as FastCap and HiCap: with fast CPU time and modest memory consumption, and without sacrificing accuracy. It successfully inverts a dense matrix that involves more than one million unknowns associated with a large-scale on-chip 3-D interconnect embedded in inhomogeneous materials with fast CPU time and less than 5-GB memory.

  • an ℋ 2 based direct integral equation solver of Linear Complexity for full wave extraction of 3 d structures in multiple dielectrics
    International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, 2011
    Co-Authors: Wenwen Chai, Dan Jiao
    Abstract:

    A Linear Complexity direct matrix solution is developed for a full-wave-based impedance extraction of arbitrarily-shaped 3-D non-ideal conductors embedded in multiple dielectrics. It successfully overcomes the numerical challenge of directly solving a highly irregular system matrix that is mixed with both dense and sparse blocks. The proposed direct solver is shown to outperform state-of-the-art impedance solvers with fast CPU time, modest memory-consumption, and without sacrificing accuracy. The inverse of a 2.6-million-unknown matrix resulting from the impedance extraction of a large-scale 3-D interconnect having 128 buses, which is a matrix solution for 2.6 million right hand sides, was obtained in less than 1.5 GB memory and 1.3 hours on a single CPU running at 2.66 GHz.

  • direct matrix solution of Linear Complexity for surface integral equation based impedance extraction of high bandwidth interconnects
    Design Automation Conference, 2011
    Co-Authors: Wenwen Chai, Dan Jiao
    Abstract:

    A Linear-Complexity direct matrix solution is developed for the surface-integral based impedance extraction of arbitrarily-shaped 3-D non-ideal conductors embedded in dielectric materials. It outperforms state-of-the-art impedance solvers with fast CPU-time, modest memory-consumption, and without sacrificing accuracy. The inverse of a 2.6-million-unknown matrix arising from the extraction of large-scale 3-D interconnects was obtained in 1.5 GB memory and 1.3 hours on a 3 GHz CPU.

Zhixiong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Linear Complexity of legendre polynomial quotients
    Iet Information Security, 2018
    Co-Authors: Zhixiong Chen
    Abstract:

    Let p be an odd prime and w <; p be a positive integer. The authors continue to investigate the binary sequence (f u ) over {0, 1} defined from polynomial quotients by (u w - u wp )/p modulo p. The (f u ) is generated in terms of (-1) f(u) which equals to the Legendre symbol of (u w - u wp )/p (mod p) for u ≥ 0. In an earlier work, the Linear Complexity of (f u ) was determined for w = p - 1 (i.e. the case of Fermat quotients) under the assumption of 2 p-1 /≡1( mod p 2 ). In this work, they develop a naive trick to calculate all possible values on the Linear Complexity of (f u ) for all 1 ≤ w <; p - 1 under the same assumption. They also state that the case of larger w( ≥ p) can be reduced to that of 0 ≤ w ≤ p - 1. So far, the Linear Complexity is almost determined for all kinds of Legendre-polynomial quotients.

  • Linear Complexity of legendre polynomial quotients
    arXiv: Cryptography and Security, 2017
    Co-Authors: Zhixiong Chen
    Abstract:

    We continue to investigate binary sequence $(f_u)$ over $\{0,1\}$ defined by $(-1)^{f_u}=\left(\frac{(u^w-u^{wp})/p}{p}\right)$ for integers $u\ge 0$, where $\left(\frac{\cdot}{p}\right)$ is the Legendre symbol and we restrict $\left(\frac{0}{p}\right)=1$. In an earlier work, the Linear Complexity of $(f_u)$ was determined for $w=p-1$ under the assumption of $2^{p-1}\not\equiv 1 \pmod {p^2}$. In this work, we give possible values on the Linear Complexity of $(f_u)$ for all $1\le w

  • on the k error Linear Complexity of binary sequences derived from polynomial quotients
    Science in China Series F: Information Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Zhixiong Chen, Zhihua Niu
    Abstract:

    The k-error Linear Complexity is an important cryptographic measure of pseudorandom sequences in stream ciphers. In this paper, we investigate the k-error Linear Complexity of p2-periodic binary sequences defined from the polynomial quotients modulo p, which are the generalizations of the well-studied Fermat quotients. Indeed, first we determine exact values of the k-error Linear Complexity over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_2\) for these binary sequences under the assumption of 2 being a primitive root modulo p2, and then we determine their k-error Linear Complexity over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_p\). Theoretical results obtained indicate that such sequences possess ‘good’ error Linear Complexity.

  • on the k error Linear Complexity of binary sequences derived from polynomial quotients
    arXiv: Cryptography and Security, 2013
    Co-Authors: Zhixiong Chen, Zhihua Niu
    Abstract:

    We investigate the $k$-error Linear Complexity of $p^2$-periodic binary sequences defined from the polynomial quotients (including the well-studied Fermat quotients), which is defined by $$ q_{p,w}(u)\equiv \frac{u^w-u^{wp}}{p} \bmod p ~ \mathrm{with} 0 \le q_{p,w}(u) \le p-1, ~u\ge 0, $$ where $p$ is an odd prime and $1\le wLinear Complexity over the finite field $\F_2$ for these binary sequences under the assumption of f2 being a primitive root modulo $p^2$, and then we determine their $k$-error Linear Complexity over the finite field $\F_p$ for either $0\le kLinear Complexity.

  • trace representation and Linear Complexity of binary sequences derived from fermat quotients
    arXiv: Number Theory, 2013
    Co-Authors: Zhixiong Chen
    Abstract:

    We describe the trace representations of two families of binary sequences derived from Fermat quotients modulo an odd prime $p$ (one is the binary threshold sequences, the other is the Legendre-Fermat quotient sequences) via determining the defining pairs of all binary characteristic sequences of cosets, which coincide with the sets of pre-images modulo $p^2$ of each fixed value of Fermat quotients. From the defining pairs, we can obtain an earlier result of Linear Complexity for the binary threshold sequences and a new result of Linear Complexity for the Legendre-Fermat quotient sequences under the assumption of $2^{p-1}\not\equiv 1 \bmod {p^2}$.

Zongduo Dai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • trace representation and Linear Complexity of binary e th power residue sequences of period p
    IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2011
    Co-Authors: Zongduo Dai, Guang Gong, Hongyeop Song
    Abstract:

    Let p = ef + 1 be an odd prime for some e and e and let f, be the finite field with Fp elements. In this paper, we explicitly describe the trace representations of the binary characteristic sequences (of period p) of all the cyclic difference sets D which are some union of cosets of eth powers He in Fp* (=Δ Fp\{0}) for e ≤ 12. For this, we define eth power residue sequences of period p, which include all the binary characteristic sequences mentioned above as special cases, and reduce the problem of determining their trace representations to that of determining the values of the generating polynomials of cosets of He in Fρ* at some primitive pth root of unity, and some properties of these values are investigated. Based on these properties, the trace representation and Linear Complexity not only of the characteristic sequences of all the known eth residue difference sets, but of all the sixth power residue sequences are determined. Furthermore, we have determined the Linear Complexity of a nonconstant eth power residue sequence for any e to be either p - 1 or p whenever (e, (p-1)/n) = 1, where n is the order of 2 mod p.

  • asymptotic behavior of normalized Linear Complexity of multi sequences
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005
    Co-Authors: Zongduo Dai, Kyoki Imamura, Junhui Yang
    Abstract:

    Asymptotic behavior of the normalized Linear Complexity L s (n) n of a multi-sequence s is studied in terms of its multidimensional continued fraction expansion, where L s (n) is the Linear Complexity of the length n prefix of s and defined to be the length of the shortest multi-tuple Linear feedback shift register which generates the length n prefix of s. A formula for limsup n→ ∞ L s (n)/n together with a lower bound, and a formula for lim inf n→ ∞ L s (n) n together with an upper bound are given. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of lim n→ ∞ L s (n) n is also given.

  • asymptotic behavior of normalized Linear Complexity of ultimately nonperiodic binary sequences
    IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2004
    Co-Authors: Zongduo Dai, Kyoki Imamura, Shaoquan Jiang, Guang Gong
    Abstract:

    For an ultimately nonperiodic binary sequence s={s/sub t/}/sub t/spl ges/0/, it is shown that the set of the accumulation values of the normalized Linear Complexity, L/sub s/(n)/n, is a closed interval centered at 1/2, where L/sub s/(n) is the Linear Complexity of the length n prefix s/sup n/=(s/sub 0/,s/sub 1/,...,s/sub n-1/) of the sequence s. It was known that the limit value of the normalized Linear Complexity is equal to 0 or 1/2 if it exists. A method is also given for constructing a sequence to have the closed interval [1/2-/spl Delta/, 1/2+/spl Delta/](0/spl les//spl Delta//spl les/1/2) as the set of the accumulation values of its normalized Linear Complexity.

  • asymptotic behavior of normalized Linear Complexity of ultimately non periodic binary sequences
    International Symposium on Information Theory, 2004
    Co-Authors: Zongduo Dai, Shaoquan Jiang, K Imamura, Guang Gong
    Abstract:

    This paper describes the asymptotic behavior of normalized Linear Complexity of ultimately nonperiodic binary sequence. The Linear Complexity of s/sup n/, L/sub s/(n), is defined as the length of the shortest Linear feedback shift register which generates s/sup n/. The research method and results studied in this paper seem to be very useful in characterizing the purely random sequence and distinguishing a key stream generator from a uniformly random sequence.

  • Linear Complexity for one symbol substitution of a periodic sequence over gf q
    IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 1998
    Co-Authors: Zongduo Dai, Kyoki Imamura
    Abstract:

    It is shown that the Linear Complexity for one-symbol substitution of any periodic sequence over GF(q) can be computed without any condition on the minimal polynomial of the sequence.

Vladimir Edemskiy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.