The Experts below are selected from a list of 20889 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ian Flannigan Sprague - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toward a greater east side california political boundary law and southeast Los Angeles County
California Journal of Politics and Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Ian Flannigan SpragueAbstract:My paper discusses the ineffectiveness of California state law to address socially inefficient municipal boundaries. By focusing on the recent struggles of a group of industrial suburbs in Southeast Los Angeles County that includes the City of Vernon, the paper demonstrates how a fragmented municipal topography worsens socioeconomic decline, hazardous land uses, and a lack of political accountability. Next, I analyze California statutory and constitutional law on the subject, demonstrating its ineffectiveness in encouraging boundary modifications to address the inequities facing the communities of Southeast Los Angeles County. Finally, I suggest legislative and constitutional modifications to encourage greater political accountability and socioeconomic equity in California’s municipal topography.
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toward a greater east side california political boundary law and southeast Los Angeles County escholarship
California Journal of Politics and Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Ian Flannigan SpragueAbstract:My paper discusses the ineffectiveness of California state law to address socially inefficient municipal boundaries. By focusing on the recent struggles of a group of industrial suburbs in Southeast Los Angeles County that includes the City of Vernon, the paper demonstrates how a fragmented municipal topography worsens socioeconomic decline, hazardous land uses, and a lack of political accountability. Next, I analyze California statutory and constitutional law on the subject, demonstrating its ineffectiveness in encouraging boundary modifications to address the inequities facing the communities of Southeast Los Angeles County. Finally, I suggest legislative and constitutional modifications to encourage greater political accountability and socioeconomic equity in California’s municipal topography.
David M. Heer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Unauthorized Mexican Immigrant Population and Welfare in Los Angeles County: A Comparative Statistical Analysis
Sociological Perspectives, 1998Co-Authors: Enrico A. Marcelli, David M. HeerAbstract:Using a unique 1994 Los Angeles County Household Survey of foreign-born Mexicans and the March 1994 and 1995 Current Population Surveys we estimate the number of unauthorized Mexican immigrants (UMIs) residing in Los Angeles County and compare their use of seven welfare programs with that of other non-U.S. citizens and U.S. citizens. Non-U.S. citizens were found to be no more likely than U.S. citizens to have used welfare and UMIs were 11% (14%) less likely than other non-citizens (U.S.-born citizens).... We demonstrate how results differ depending on the unit of analysis employed and on which programs constitute `welfare. (EXCERPT)
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Unauthorized Mexican workers in the 1990 Los Angeles County labour force.
International Migration, 1997Co-Authors: Enrico A. Marcelli, David M. HeerAbstract:By analysing how unauthorized Mexicans compare with seven other ethno-racial groups in Los Angeles County separately and collectively by educational attainment and time spent in the U.S. we find that unauthorized Mexicans had relatively fewer years of formal education (either in the U.S. or in Mexico) and had been in the U.S. a relatively fewer number of years than in-migrants of other ethno-racial backgrounds in 1990. These findings are then used as proxies to compare the human capital endowments of different ethno-racial groups. We next estimate the number of unauthorized Mexicans by occupation industry and class of worker and compare these distributions with the total labour force and with the other ethno-racial groups in Los Angeles County....Results show that amounts of human capital are positively related to the kinds of occupations filled. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA) (EXCERPT)
Sarah B. Hunter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Breaking Barriers: A Rapid Rehousing and Employment Pilot Program for Adults on Probation in Los Angeles County: Evaluation Report
2020Co-Authors: Sarah B. Hunter, Adam Scherling, Melissa Francisca Felician, Sangita M. Baxi, Matthew CefaluAbstract:Many individuals on probation in Los Angeles County face challenges with housing and employment, placing them at risk for further involvement with the criminal justice system. This report presents early findings on the progress of the Breaking Barriers program, which provides Los Angeles County adults on probation with a time-limited rental housing subsidy, case management, and employment supports.
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Estimating the Size of the Los Angeles County Jail Mental Health Population Appropriate for Release into Community Services
2020Co-Authors: Stephanie Brooks Holliday, Nicholas M. Pace, Neil Gowensmith, Ira K. Packer, Daniel C. Murrie, Alicia Virani, Bing Han, Sarah B. HunterAbstract:Researchers studied the Los Angeles County jail mental health population to identify those who would likely be appropriate for diversion with the aim of providing them with needed care and reducing recidivism. The report includes the results from a legal and clinical review of recently incarcerated individuals identified with a serious mental illness, as well as relevant recommendations for diversion in Los Angeles County.
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Impact of Proposition 47 on Los Angeles County Operations and Budget - Impact of Proposition 47 on Los Angeles County Operations and Budget
2017Co-Authors: Sarah B. Hunter, Lois M. Davis, Rosanna Smart, Susan TurnerAbstract:Proposition 47 is designed to reduce state prison overcrowding, focus criminal justice expenditures on violent and serious offenses, and increase investments in prevention and support programs. This report recommends how to measure the impact of Proposition 47 (and future legislative mandates) on Los Angeles County operations and budgets and what metrics should be tracked.
Jonathan E. Fielding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Declines in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among children in Los Angeles County, 2007 and 2011.
Preventing Chronic Disease, 2013Co-Authors: Paul A. Simon, Margaret Shih, Amy S. Lightstone, Steve Baldwin, Tony Kuo, Jonathan E. FieldingAbstract:This study assessed changes in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) among children (aged ≤17 years) in Los Angeles County. We analyzed children’s data from the 2007 (n = 5,595) and 2011 (n = 5,934) Los Angeles County Health Survey. The percentage of children who consumed 1 or more SSB per day decreased from 43.3% in 2007 to 38.3% in 2011 (P < .001); this decrease was seen across most sociodemographic subgroups. Despite measurable progress in reducing SSB consumption among children in Los Angeles County, consumption remains high, highlighting the need for additional policy and programmatic interventions.
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Health of adults in Los Angeles County: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004.
National health statistics reports, 2011Co-Authors: Kathryn S. Porter, Lester R. Curtin, Margaret D. Carroll, Leyla Mohadjer, Margaret Shih, Paul A. Simon, Jonathan E. FieldingAbstract:Objective—Los Angeles County has the largest population of any County in the nation. Population-based estimates of health conditions for Los Angeles County are based primarily on telephone surveys, which are known to underestimate conditions of public health importance. This report presents the prevalence of selected health conditions for civilian noninstitutionalized adults aged 20 and over living in Los Angeles County households and group quarters, based on survey data using direct physical measurements. Methods—Combined data from the 1999–2000, 2001–2002, and 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics, were used for this report. Sample weights were recalculated for participants examined in Los Angeles County using population totals provided by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, excluding the institutionalized population. Results—Compared with the nation as a whole, adults in Los Angeles County had similar rates of health conditions even after age and age-race adjustment, with a few exceptions. A significantly smaller proportion of Los Angeles County adults were obese (age-adjusted rate, 23.8%) compared with the United States (31.0%); this difference held after age-race adjustment. The age-adjusted rate of diagnosed diabetes for men was higher in Los Angeles County (9.1%) than in the nation (7.3%); however, this difference did not hold after age-race adjustment. The rates of total diabetes adjusted for age and age-race were similar for men in Los Angeles County and the United States. Conclusions—The rates of selected health conditions in this report were similar for adults in Los Angeles County compared with adults in the United States, with the exception of obesity. The rates of obesity adjusted for age and age-race were lower among Los Angeles County adults compared with national rates. Health estimates based on direct physical measurements can be useful for local public health programs and prevention efforts.
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Pandemics and health equity: lessons learned from the H1N1 response in Los Angeles County.
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 2011Co-Authors: Alonzo L. Plough, Jonathan E. Fielding, Benjamin Bristow, Stephanie Caldwell, Sinan KhanAbstract:Background Pandemic preparedness and response (as with all public health actions) occur within a social, cultural, and historical context of preexisting health disparities and, in some populations, underlying mistrust in government. Almost 200,000 people received H1N1 vaccine at 109 free, public mass vaccination clinics operated by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health between October 23, 2009, and December 8, 2009. Wide racial/ethnic disparities in vaccination rates were observed with African Americans having the lowest rate followed by whites. Methodology/principal findings Demographic information, including race/ethnicity, was obtained for 163 087 of the Los Angeles County residents who received vaccine. This information was compared with estimates of the Los Angeles County population distribution by race/ethnicity. Rate ratios of vaccination were as follows: white, reference; African American, 0.5; Asian, 3.2; Hispanic, 1.5; Native American, 1.9; and Pacific Islander, 4.3. Significance Significant political challenges and media coverage focused on equity in vaccination access specifically in the African American population. An important challenge was community-level informal messaging that ran counter to the "official" messages. Finally, we present a partnership strategy, developed in response to the challenges, to improve outreach and build trust and engagement with African Americans in Los Angeles County.
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differences in individual level terrorism preparedness in Los Angeles County
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Jonathan E. Fielding, David Eisenman, Cheryl Wold, Anna Long, Claude Messan Setodji, Scot Hickey, Lillian GelbergAbstract:Methods: In 2004, the data were analyzed from the Los Angeles County Health Survey, a randomdigit-dialed telephone survey of the non-institutionalized population in Los Angeles County fielded October 2002 through February 2003. Results: Overall, 28.0% of respondents had emergency supplies, and 17.1% developed an emergency plan in the past year in response to the possibility of terrorism. Factors associated with having emergency supplies included African American (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.1‐3.1) and Latino (AOR1.5, 95% CI1.0‐2.4) race/ethnicity; having a household dependent aged 18 years (AOR1.4, 95% CI1.0‐ 2.0); being born outside the United States (AOR1.9, 95% CI1.3‐2.9); some college or trade school education (AOR1.9, 95% CI1.3‐2.9); and higher perceived likelihood of a bioterrorist attack (AOR2.2, 95% CI1.6‐3.0). Factors associated with having an emergency plan included African American (AOR2.6, 95% CI1.5‐4.6) race/ethnicity; having a household dependent aged 18 years (AOR2.4, 95% CI1.6‐3.5); and physical disability (AOR1.7, 95% CI1.1‐2.7). Conclusions: Some groups were more likely to adopt some, but not all, recommended preparedness activities. Identifying subpopulation differences in preparedness is important since different public health messages, programs, and distribution channels are required for different subgroups.
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Impact of Restaurant Hygiene Grade Cards on Foodborne-Disease Hospitalizations in Los Angeles County
Journal of Environmental Health, 2005Co-Authors: Paul A. Simon, Phillip Leslie, Grace Run, Ginger Zhe Jin, Roshan Reporter, Arturo Aguirre, Jonathan E. FieldingAbstract:Although health departments routinely inspect restaurants to assess compliance with established hygienic standards, few data are available on the effectiveness of these efforts in preventing foodborne disease. The study reported here assessed the impact on foodborne-disease hospitalizations in Los Angeles County of a restaurant hygiene grading system that utilized publicly posted grade cards. The grading systm was introduced in January 1998. Hospital discharge data on foodborne-disease hospitalizations were analyzed for Los Angeles County and, as a control, for the rest of California during the period 1993-2000. Ordinary least-squares regression analysis was done to measure the effect of the grading progam on these hospitalizations. After baseline temporal and geographic trends were adjusted for, the restaurant hygiene grading program was associated with a 13.1 percent decrease (p < .01) in the number of foodborne-disease hospitalizations in Los Angeles County in the year following implementation the program (1998). This decrease was sustained over the next two years (1999-2000). The results suggest that restaurant hygiene grading with public posting of results is an effective intervention for reducing the burden of foodborne disease.
D. E. Pataki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The energy and mass balance of Los Angeles County
Urban Ecosystems, 2008Co-Authors: N. S. Ngo, D. E. PatakiAbstract:We conducted an urban “metabolic” study of inputs and outputs of food, water, energy, and pollutants from Los Angeles County, USA. This region has been the subject of recent debate about the nature of population density and distribution as it relates to urban form and associated environmental impacts. We found that with the exception of food imports and wastewater outputs, inputs of resources and outputs of pollutants generally declined on a per capita basis from 1990 to 2000. Reductions likely reflected a combination of changes in public policy, improvements in technology and public infrastructure, and impacts of increases in population density. However, in comparison to other municipalities and urban regions, resource consumption per capita was still relatively high in some categories, particularly inputs of water and transportation energy. Per capita greenhouse gas emissions were lower in Los Angeles County than for the average of the USA as a whole but higher than previous analyses of urban areas internationally, largely due to comparatively high emissions from the transportation sector. Wastewater discharge accounted for less than 40% of water inputs excluding precipitation; however the partitioning of water outputs through other potential Losses, specifically evapotranspiration, runoff, and groundwater recharge, remains highly uncertain. We suggest that more detailed information about water Losses will greatly improve future mass and energy accounting for analyses of urban environmental sustainability in this semi-arid region.
