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Kenji Mori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis of germacrene b and its extension to the synthesis of 9 methylgermacrene b the racemate of the male produced sex pheromone of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis from lapinha brazil
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999Co-Authors: Shinetsu Muto, Yutaka Nishimura, Kenji MoriAbstract:Both germacrene-B (2) and 9-methylgermacrene-B [(±)-1] were synthesized by employing cyclization reactions [8 9 and (±)-20 (±)-21] as the key steps. The latter [(±)-1] was shown to be the racemate of the male-produced sex pheromone of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil.
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Synthesis of Germacrene-B and Its Extension to the Synthesis of (±)-9-Methylgermacrene-B, the Racemate of the Male-Produced Sex Pheromone of the SandflyLutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999Co-Authors: Shinetsu Muto, Yutaka Nishimura, Kenji MoriAbstract:Both germacrene-B (2) and 9-methylgermacrene-B [(±)-1] were synthesized by employing cyclization reactions [8 9 and (±)-20 (±)-21] as the key steps. The latter [(±)-1] was shown to be the racemate of the male-produced sex pheromone of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil.
Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Primeiro encontro de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) na área urbana de Campo Grande, MS, Brasil* First record of finding Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) in the urban area in Brazil
2020Co-Authors: Alessandra Gutierrez De Oliveira, Alda Lima Falcão, Reginaldo Peçanha BrazilAbstract:This is a report of the first finding of visceral leishmaniasis’ vector Lutzomyia longipalpis in the urban area of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The importance of this finding regarding the transmission of the disease in this area is discussed. Descritores Leishmaniose visceral, transmissao # . Psychodidae # . Ecologia de vetores. – Lutzomyia longipalpis.
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Distribution of putative male sex pheromones among Lutzomyia sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae).
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: James G. C. Hamilton, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil, Diarmid Campbell-lendrum, Clive R. Davies, David W Kelly, Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa, R. G. De QueirozAbstract:Abstract Male Lutzomyia longipalpis produce terpene sex pheromones in glandular tissue underlying the cuticle. The pheromones are transmitted to the surface via cuticle-lined ducts (measuring 0.25 mmin diameter), each of which reaches the surface in the centre of a papule (measuring 3-3.5 mmin diameter). Similar papules, in a range of shapes but all characterized by the presence of a central pore and absence of macrosetae, occur in some other species of sandfly. The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of sex pheromones in sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia that do and do not have the papules. The results indicate that sex pheromones are not widely distributed amongst male Lutzomyia spp. Male members of the genus can be subdivided into three groups: those that produce terpenes and have cuticular papules; those that do not produce terpenes but still have the associated papules; and those that have neither terpenes nor papules.The papules seen in the species that do not synthesise sex ph...
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investigation of the bacterial communities associated with females of Lutzomyia sand fly species from south america
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Mauricio Roberto Viana Santanna, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil, Alistair C Darby, James Montoyalerma, Viv M Dillon, Paul A Bates, R J DillonAbstract:Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of Leishmania that are acquired by the female sand fly during blood feeding on an infected mammal. Leishmania parasites develop exclusively in the gut lumen during their residence in the insect before transmission to a suitable host during the next blood feed. Female phlebotomine sand flies are blood feeding insects but their life style of visiting plants as well as animals, and the propensity for larvae to feed on detritus including animal faeces means that the insect host and parasite are exposed to a range of microorganisms. Thus, the sand fly microbiota may interact with the developing Leishmania population in the gut. The aim of the study was to investigate and identify the bacterial diversity associated with wild adult female Lutzomyia sand flies from different geographical locations in the New World. The bacterial phylotypes recovered from 16S rRNA gene clone libraries obtained from wild caught adult female Lutzomyia sand flies were estimated from direct band sequencing after denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of bacterial 16 rRNA gene fragments. These results confirm that the Lutzomyia sand flies contain a limited array of bacterial phylotypes across several divisions. Several potential plant-related bacterial sequences were detected including Erwinia sp. and putative Ralstonia sp. from two sand fly species sampled from 3 geographically separated regions in Brazil. Identification of putative human pathogens also demonstrated the potential for sand flies to act as vectors of bacterial pathogens of medical importance in addition to their role in Leishmania transmission.
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Lovesongs and period gene polymorphisms indicate Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938) as a sibling species of the Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) complex
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Felipe M. Vigoder, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil, Nataly A. Souza, Alejandra S. Araki, Luiz Guilherme Soares Da Rocha Bauzer, Alexandre A. PeixotoAbstract:The sand fly Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938) is implicated as a vector of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) in some areas of Brazil. Lutzomyia cruzi is closely related to Lutzomyia longipalpis s.l. (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) the main Latin American vector of AVL and a species complex. Although females of the two species are identical, the males can be distinguished by differences in the genitalia. Nevertheless, pheromone analysis shows that Lu. cruzi males produce 9-methyl-germacrene-B, which has also been found in a number of Latin American populations of Lu. longipalpis s.l. In addition, analysis of microsatellite loci shows that the level of divergence between Lu. cruzi and Lu. longipalpis s.l. is similar to that observed among the Lu. longipalpis s.l. sibling species. Here we present the lovesongs of Lu. cruzi males which are similar to the Burst-type songs produced by one of the Lu. longipalpis s.l. sibling species. We also present data on the molecular polymorphisms of the period gene of Lu. cruzi that indicate this species as another sibling within the Lu. longipalpis complex. The results highlight the importance of an integrative approach to understand the patterns of genetic and phenotypic divergence among very closely related vector species.
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detection of natural infection in Lutzomyia cruzi and Lutzomyia forattinii diptera psychodidae phlebotominae by leishmania infantum chagasi in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil using a pcr multiplex assay
Acta Tropica, 2008Co-Authors: Daniela De Pitapereira, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil, M A Cardoso, Carlos Roberto Alves, Constanca BrittoAbstract:In order to identify Lutzomyia spp. naturally infected by Leishmania parasites a PCR multiplex assay coupled to non-isotopic hybridization was used for the analysis of insect samples collected by CDC light traps in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the municipality of Corumba, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil in May/June 2006. Wild sand flies were identified and grouped into pools of 10 female specimens and 27 groups in total were collected. Positive results were obtained from Lutzomyia cruzi (2 out of 13 pools) and Lutzomyia forattinii (1 out of 14 pools). The positive pools were confirmed as being infected by Leishmania infantum chagasi after hybridizing the PCR products with a species-specific biotinylated probe derived from the kinetoplast minicircle conserved sequence. Given that we detected infection in 3 out of 27 groups and that there was at least 1 infected insect in each, it was possible to infer an infection rate of 1.5% for Lu. cruzi and 0.7% for Lu. forattinii in the analyzed samples. These results confirm the vectorial role of Lu. cruzi in transmitting L. infantum chagasi and suggest Lu. forattinii as a potential VL vector in the municipality of Corumba, where notifications of the disease in humans and dogs have increased over the last two decades.
Alon Warburg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Eco-epidemiological aspects, natural detection and molecular identification of Leishmania spp. in Lutzomyia reburra, Lutzomyia barrettoi majuscula and Lutzomyia trapidoi
Biomedica, 2017Co-Authors: Jazzmín Arrivillaga-henríquez, Alon Warburg, Sandra Enríquez, Vanessa Romero, Gustavo Echeverría, Jorge Pérez-barrera, Ana Poveda, Juan-carlos Navarro, Washington BenitezAbstract:Introduction: The province of Pichincha in Ecuador is an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, where anthropophilic sand flies with natural infection by Leishmania, have been reported as vectors. However, the role in transmission of zoophilic species has not been evaluated.Objective: To evaluate natural infection by Leishmania in two zoophilic phlebotomine sand fly species, Lutzomyia reburra and Lu. barrettoi majuscula, and one anthropophilic species, Lu. trapidoi, as well as the endophagy and synanthropism of these species in the northwest of Pichincha.Materials and methods: Phlebotomines were collected using CDC light traps in different habitats and altitudes with presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Leishmania infection was detected using genomic DNA from females of the collected sand flies. We amplified the internal transcribed spacer gene of ribosomal RNA I (ITS1), the mitochondrial topoisomerase II gene (mtTOPOII), and the nuclear topoisomerase II gene (TopoII). Percentages of positivity for Leishmania, at spatio-temporal scale, proportion of endophagy and synanthropism index were calculated.Results: Natural infection was determined for Le. amazonensis in Lu. reburra (9.5%) and Lu. b. majuscula (23.8%), while in Lu. trapidoi we detected Le. amazonensis, Le. brazilienis and Le. naiffi-lainsoni. Phlebotomines were asynanthropic and with low endophagy.Conclusion: Natural infection with Le. amazonensis was recorded for the first time in Lu. reburra and Lu. b. majuscula, demonstrating the importance of zoophilic phlebotomines in the maintenance of the Leishmania transmission cycle in endemic foci.
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saliva of Lutzomyia longipalpis sibling species differs in its composition and capacity to enhance leishmaniasis
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 1994Co-Authors: Alon Warburg, Gregory C Lanzaro, Elvira Saraiva, Richard G Titus, Franklin A NevaAbstract:Leishmania donovani chagasi parasites, transmitted by sandflies of the Lutzomyia longipalpis species complex, normally cause visceral leishmaniasis. However, in Central America infections frequently result in cutaneous disease. We undertook experiments to investigate the possible influence of sandfly saliva on the course of infection. Erythemas caused by feeding sandflies correlated well with the levels of the erythema-inducing peptide, maxadilan, in their saliva. Saliva of Brazilian flies was the most potent, that of Colombian flies less so, and Costa Rican saliva had very little maxadilan and lacked activity. Nucleotide sequence differences in the maxadilan gene of the three species were detected by ‘single strand conformational polymorphism’ electrophoresis. Leishmania infections proliferated fastest when coinjected with the saliva of Costa Rican flies. Brazilian flies had less influence, and Colombian flies only a slight effect. Thus Costa Rican Lutzomyia longipalpis , vectors of non-ulcerative cutaneous disease, have very low vasodilatory activity and very little maxadilan, but their saliva strongly enhances cutaneous proliferation of Leishmania infections. Conversely, flies from Colombia and Brazil, vectors of visceral disease, have more maxadilan, but exacerbate cutaneous infections to a lesser degree. These coincidental observations suggest that species of Lutzomyia longipalpis differ in their propensity to modulate the pathology of the disease they transmit.
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Lutzomyia longipalpis is a species complex genetic divergence and interspecific hybrid sterility among three populations
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1993Co-Authors: Gregory C Lanzaro, Katherine Ostrovska, Marco V Herrero, Phillip G Lawyer, Alon WarburgAbstract:Abstract : The sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis is the vector of Leishmania donovani chagasi in Latin America. An analysis of genetic variability at 27 enzyme coding loci among three laboratory populations of Lu. longipalpis revealed substantial genetic polymorphism. Levels of genetic distance between all pairwise comparisons of colonies were very high, and consistent with those previously reported among separate species in the genus Lutzomyia. Between 7% and 22% of the loci studied were diagnostic for any two of the colony populations. Experimental hybridization between colonies resulted in the production of sexually sterile male progeny. Our results provide strong evidence that Lu. longipalpis exists in nature as a complex of at least three distinct species. The possible effects of colonization on the genetic makeup of laboratory populations is considered in extending our results to natural populations. Lutzomyia longipalpis, Leishmania donovani chagasi.
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entomopathogens of phlebotomine sand flies laboratory experiments and natural infections
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1991Co-Authors: Alon WarburgAbstract:Abstract The susceptibility of different geographical strains of Phlebotomus papatasi to a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) was determined experimentally by feeding polyhedra to larvae. Of the Indian P. papatasi, 15.6% became infected, whereas Egyptian P. papatasi were mostly refractory. Infection rates were not augmented in colony flies from the Jordan Valley, 23.8% of which were naturally infected with CPV. The infectivity of Serratia marcescens and Beauvaria bassiana to P. papatasi were determined experimentally. A suspension of B. bassiana spores or S. marcescens bacteria, ingested by P. papatasi in sucrose solution, did not significantly augment mortality rates or reduce the number of eggs oviposited. However, B. bassiana spores smeared on a filter paper constituting 1 or 5% of the surface area available to flies induced 100% mortality of P. papatasi on days 5 and 4, respectively. Mortality in Lutzomyia longipalpis reached 100% on day 4. There were markedly lower mortality rates in the control groups and more eggs were produced by these females (P. papatasi: control = 48.5; experimental = 0.9–1.6 eggs/female; L. longipalpis: control = 17.1; experimental = 0 eggs/female). From wild-caught Colombian Lutzomyia spp., a nonfluorescent pseudomonas, an Entomophthorales fungus, and a Trypanosomatid protozoon (probably Leptomonas) were isolated in culture media. Gregarines (Ascogregarina saraviae) and nematodes (Tylenchida and Spirurida) were also recorded. In laboratory-reared flies, an ectoparasitic fungus was associated with high mortality rates of first instar Lutzomyia spp. larvae. Opportunistic ectoparasitic aggregates of bacteria, yeast, and fungi on the tarsi of colonized L. longipalpis and P. papatasi hindered their mobility and were associated with reduced colony vigor. Aspergillus flavus, B. bassiana, and S. marcescens were isolated from laboratory-bred P. papatasi adults.
Alexandre A. Peixoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Copulatory courtship song in Lutzomyia migonei (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2010Co-Authors: Felipe M. Vigoder, Nataly A. Souza, Alexandre A. PeixotoAbstract:Lutzomyia migonei is a vector of leishmaniasis with a wide distribution in South America, which could favour population differentiation and speciation. Cryptic species of the Lutzomyia longipalpis complex, the widely distributed sand fly vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Latin America, have previously been shown to display distinct copulation songs. We found that Lu. migonei males also produce a song during copulation. This "lovesong" presents short trains (6-8 pulses) with an inter-pulse interval around 26 ms and is potentially involved in cryptic female choice and insemination success.
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Lovesongs and period gene polymorphisms indicate Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938) as a sibling species of the Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) complex
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Felipe M. Vigoder, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil, Nataly A. Souza, Alejandra S. Araki, Luiz Guilherme Soares Da Rocha Bauzer, Alexandre A. PeixotoAbstract:The sand fly Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938) is implicated as a vector of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) in some areas of Brazil. Lutzomyia cruzi is closely related to Lutzomyia longipalpis s.l. (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) the main Latin American vector of AVL and a species complex. Although females of the two species are identical, the males can be distinguished by differences in the genitalia. Nevertheless, pheromone analysis shows that Lu. cruzi males produce 9-methyl-germacrene-B, which has also been found in a number of Latin American populations of Lu. longipalpis s.l. In addition, analysis of microsatellite loci shows that the level of divergence between Lu. cruzi and Lu. longipalpis s.l. is similar to that observed among the Lu. longipalpis s.l. sibling species. Here we present the lovesongs of Lu. cruzi males which are similar to the Burst-type songs produced by one of the Lu. longipalpis s.l. sibling species. We also present data on the molecular polymorphisms of the period gene of Lu. cruzi that indicate this species as another sibling within the Lu. longipalpis complex. The results highlight the importance of an integrative approach to understand the patterns of genetic and phenotypic divergence among very closely related vector species.
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Molecular polymorphism, differentiation and introgression in the period gene between Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani.
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Camila J. Mazzoni, Nataly A. Souza, Cláudia A. Andrade-coêlho, Charalambos P. Kyriacou, Alexandre A. PeixotoAbstract:Background Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important and very closely related vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, which are distinguishable by a few morphological differences. There is evidence of mitochondrial introgression between the two species but it is not clear whether gene flow also occurs in nuclear genes.
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Nocturnal activity rhythms of Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a transmission area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2005Co-Authors: Nataly A. Souza, Cláudia A. Andrade-coêlho, Alexandre A. Peixoto, Elizabeth F RangelAbstract:The phlebotomine sand flies Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Coutinho & Antunes) are important vectors of Leishmania (Vianna) braziliensis, the etiological agent of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. In some areas, both species occur in sympatry, and their relative roles as vectors in these areas are not clear. We studied the nocturnal activity and biting rhythms of both species in Posse, a locality in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Our results show differences between the activity patterns of Lu. intermedia and Lu. whitmani that might be epidemiologically important. Although the activity profiles vary between seasons and microhabitats (peridomestic versus forest), the two species show marked differences in their tendencies to bite humans in the early morning (0400-0600 hours), with Lu. whitmani showing higher feeding rates than Lu. intermedia.
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Copulation songs in three siblings of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2004Co-Authors: N.a. De Souza, Charalambos P. Kyriacou, James G. C. Hamilton, Richard D. Ward, Alexandre A. PeixotoAbstract:We present the results of recording male courtship songs of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis. The striking differences in the songs from 3 Brazilian populations of this sandfly with 3 distinct male pheromones support the 3 sibling species previously proposed based on this characteristic.
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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alternative method for the mass rearing of Lutzomyia Lutzomyia cruzi diptera psychodidae in a laboratory setting
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2015Co-Authors: Everton Falcao De Oliveira, Alessandra Gutierrez De Oliveira, Wagner De Souza Fernandes, Elisa Teruya Oshiro, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi GalatiAbstract:ABSTRACT The understanding of the transmission dynamics of Leishmania spp. Ross as well as the epidemiology and spread of leishmaniasis is related to parasite—vector—host interactions. These interactions can be studied using specimens of a sand fly population reared in the laboratory, exposing individuals to experimental infection for the investigation of vector competence and parameters of the vectorial capacity of the species. The present study sought to describe an alternative method for the implantation of a Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cruzi colony with wild specimens captured in the municipality of Corumba, Brazil. With Method 1, engorged females were individualized for oviposition. The eggs were transferred to an acrylic petri dish with a layer of plaster on the bottom, on which food was placed after hatching of the first larvae. With Method 2, females were kept in groups for oviposition in containers, in which soil and food were placed on their bottom for the larvae. In addition, the exposure time of the...
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Redescription of Lutzomyia ( Lutzomyia ) renei Martins, Falcão & Silva, 1957 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)
Zootaxa, 2015Co-Authors: P. B. Sábio, Andrey José De Andrade, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi GalatiAbstract:The male genitalia of Lutzomyia ( Lutzomyia ) renei (Martins, Falcao & Silva, 1957) have four bristles, three fine and one semi-foliaceous, inserted basomesally on the gonocoxite. Nonetheless, in the original description and in other taxonomic studies, these bristles have been illustrated and described in varying formats. In order to clarify the morphology of this species, both sexes are here redescribed based on three males and one female from the type series. A lectotype and two paralectotypes are here designated.
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Identificação do sangue ingerido por Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) e Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) almerioi (Galati & Nunes, 1999) pela técnica imunoenzimática do ELISA de captura, no sistema avidina-biotina
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical, 2006Co-Authors: Ana Maria Marassá, Cleide Aschenbrenner Consales, Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati, Vânia Lúcia Brandão NunesAbstract:Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia almerioi, phlebotomine species from the fauna of Serra da Bodoquena, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, have been studied, particularly due to the fact of their abundance and occurrence, the Guaicurus settlement, focus of human tegumentary and canine visceral leishmaniasis. In researches that are being carried out in this settlement for identifying the vectors of these parasitosis, 83 engorged females belonging to the species Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia almerioi were captured with automatic light traps from 2002 up to 2004 in the peridomiciliary environment of the Guaicurus settlement (hennery).The aim of this study was the investigation on bird feeding habit of females of both the phlebotomine species by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, comparing the reactivity during the period from 2002 up to 2004. Of the 57 samples of Lutzomyia longipalpis and 26 of Lutzomyia almerioi that have been tested, 72% from Lutzomyia longipalpis and 96% from Lutzomyia almerioi were reactive, which justifies the feeding habit study in the region as a prevention measure and the institution of an epidemiological survey.
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Description of Lutzomyia chotensis, a new species of Peruvian Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae)
Revista Brasileira De Entomologia, 2003Co-Authors: Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati, Abraham G Caceres, Víctor ZorrillaAbstract:Lutzomyia chotensis sp. nov. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from Cajamarca Department, Peru, is described and its taxonomic position discussed.
