The Experts below are selected from a list of 1656 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Peter Nijkamp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Social capital and local cultural milieu for successful Migrant Entrepreneurship
    Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 2014
    Co-Authors: Annie Tubadji, Karima Kourtit, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the cultural gravity mechanism behind the bonding and bridging effects on the performance of Migrant Entrepreneurship in the Netherlands. The culture-based development gravity approach – suggesting a joint interaction of individual cultural capital and local cultural milieu as a critical factor for local development – will be operationally translated into a model on bonding and bridging preferences of Migrant entrepreneurs. A logit model is employed to estimate a culturally augmented standard production function, in which the dependent variables are alternatively a high-profit or increased turnover and in which the independent variables are – in addition to the standard input factors – also the interaction terms of, respectively, bonding and bridging with local cultural milieu. Different specifications of the estimated model, controls for clustering effects and two modifications of the data-set are used to achieve the best extraction of information from the available data-set and t...

  • New Entrepreneurship in Urban Diasporas in our Modern World
    Journal of Urban Management, 2013
    Co-Authors: Karima Kourtit, Peter Nijkamp, Eveline Van Leeuwen
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Entrepreneurship among Migrants – often called new, Migrant or ethnic Entrepreneurship – has over the past years become a significant component of the urban economy in many developed countries. Migrant Entrepreneurship has a considerable welfare enhancing impact on the city, notably a contribution to innovation and growth, creation of new jobs for less favoured population groups, advancement of benefits from cultural diversity, and reinforcement of economic opportunities related to international connectivity. The present paper aims to investigate the backgrounds of Migrant Entrepreneurship in large Dutch cities, in particular, the critical success factors of business performance of these entrepreneurs in relation to their ethnic background, their levels of skill, and other specific and general contextual factors. To address the drivers of break-out strategies for new markets, a sample of second-generation Moroccan entrepreneurs is extensively interviewed to extract detailed information at a micro business level. The wealth of qualitative information on both input factors and output (performance) achievements is next systematically coded in a qualitative survey table which is converted into a format that is suitable for application of a rough set analysis. This is an artificial intelligence technique that is able to extract and identify the set of combinations of different drivers that altogether make up for a final outcome. The results show that longer stay in the host country, male gender, family network support and education of the entrepreneurs concerned are critical variables for the business performance of these urban diaspora entrepreneurs.

  • Colourful Entrepreneurship in Dutch Cities: A Review and Analysis of Business Performance
    Regional Science Inquiry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mediha Sahin, Alina Todiras, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    Entrepreneurship has clearly evolved as a critical element in the organization and restructuring of modern economies. It has been further fostered by the deregulation and privatization process in many Western countries. In addition, governments have acknowledged and started promoting the role of Entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth and development. In recent decades, we witness an increasing importance of Migrant (or ethnic) entrepreneurs, in particular in big cities in the Western world. The aim of the present study is to provide both a contextual and empirical framework for assessing the business performance of Migrant entrepreneurs in major cities in the Netherlands. The study is organized as follows. After an exposition of Entrepreneurship and Migrant Entrepreneurship, the urban orientation of this new form of Entrepreneurship is highlighted. Then the database and the methodology are presented. Next, the statistical findings are provided, followed by a concluding section.

  • The economic importance of Migrant Entrepreneurship: An application of data envelopment analysis in The Netherlands
    Stads- en Streeksbeplanning, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    In the Anglo-Saxon literature in the past decade, much attention has been paid to the economic importance of ethnic (Migrant) Entrepreneurship. This type of self-employment appears to provide a vital and creative contribution to the urban economy. The rising size and importance of ethnic Entrepreneurship has recently prompted much policy and research interest regarding Migrant business in Europe. Also in The Netherlands this new phenomenon is increasingly recognised and regarded as an interesting focus for the city’s Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) policy. Migrant entrepreneurs do not only have a substantial impact on the urban economy, but they also act as role models for socio-economic integration. They often operate in interesting market niches and provide a positive stimulus for creative business-making in modern cities. The present article offers first an overview of the literature on this issue and investigates next empirically the economic performance of Turkish Migrant entrepreneurs in the highly skilled and high-tech sector in the Netherlands through the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA).

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship and new urban economic opportunities: identification of critical success factors by means of qualitative pattern recognition analysis
    Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 2010
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan-levent
    Abstract:

    In recent years, Entrepreneurship among Migrant minorities has increased significantly in the Netherlands. This paper addresses the key factors determining the economic position of Migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands, with an application to Amsterdam. So far, little information on success conditions for Migrant Entrepreneurship is available, while quantitative knowledge on critical success factors (CSFs) is lagging far behind the rapid growth of Migrant entrepreneurs in big cities like Amsterdam. The present study serves to fill this knowledge gap, by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a modern city. In order to provide a solid assessment of CSFs for Migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective. Due insight into individual entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants is needed to develop an urban business culture in which Migrants are no longer a source of problems but of great socio-economic opportunities, both for the Migrant groups concerned and the vitality of cities. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in the city of Amsterdam in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for Migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical (i.e. qualitative or soft) database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, namely, rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful Entrepreneurship of Migrants. Copyright (c) 2009 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.

Mediha Sahin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The economic importance of Migrant Entrepreneurship: An application of data envelopment analysis in The Netherlands
    Stads- en Streeksbeplanning, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    In the Anglo-Saxon literature in the past decade, much attention has been paid to the economic importance of ethnic (Migrant) Entrepreneurship. This type of self-employment appears to provide a vital and creative contribution to the urban economy. The rising size and importance of ethnic Entrepreneurship has recently prompted much policy and research interest regarding Migrant business in Europe. Also in The Netherlands this new phenomenon is increasingly recognised and regarded as an interesting focus for the city’s Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) policy. Migrant entrepreneurs do not only have a substantial impact on the urban economy, but they also act as role models for socio-economic integration. They often operate in interesting market niches and provide a positive stimulus for creative business-making in modern cities. The present article offers first an overview of the literature on this issue and investigates next empirically the economic performance of Turkish Migrant entrepreneurs in the highly skilled and high-tech sector in the Netherlands through the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA).

  • Colourful Entrepreneurship in Dutch Cities: A Review and Analysis of Business Performance
    Regional Science Inquiry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mediha Sahin, Alina Todiras, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    Entrepreneurship has clearly evolved as a critical element in the organization and restructuring of modern economies. It has been further fostered by the deregulation and privatization process in many Western countries. In addition, governments have acknowledged and started promoting the role of Entrepreneurship in stimulating economic growth and development. In recent decades, we witness an increasing importance of Migrant (or ethnic) entrepreneurs, in particular in big cities in the Western world. The aim of the present study is to provide both a contextual and empirical framework for assessing the business performance of Migrant entrepreneurs in major cities in the Netherlands. The study is organized as follows. After an exposition of Entrepreneurship and Migrant Entrepreneurship, the urban orientation of this new form of Entrepreneurship is highlighted. Then the database and the methodology are presented. Next, the statistical findings are provided, followed by a concluding section.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship and new urban economic opportunities: identification of critical success factors by means of qualitative pattern recognition analysis
    Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 2010
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan-levent
    Abstract:

    In recent years, Entrepreneurship among Migrant minorities has increased significantly in the Netherlands. This paper addresses the key factors determining the economic position of Migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands, with an application to Amsterdam. So far, little information on success conditions for Migrant Entrepreneurship is available, while quantitative knowledge on critical success factors (CSFs) is lagging far behind the rapid growth of Migrant entrepreneurs in big cities like Amsterdam. The present study serves to fill this knowledge gap, by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a modern city. In order to provide a solid assessment of CSFs for Migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective. Due insight into individual entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants is needed to develop an urban business culture in which Migrants are no longer a source of problems but of great socio-economic opportunities, both for the Migrant groups concerned and the vitality of cities. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in the city of Amsterdam in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for Migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical (i.e. qualitative or soft) database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, namely, rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful Entrepreneurship of Migrants. Copyright (c) 2009 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship and New Urban Economic Opportunities
    2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan-levent
    Abstract:

    Nowadays, Migrants form a significant share of the urban population, and their business is critical for urban economic growth. This paper addresses the key factors determining the position of Migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands. In order to develop a solid assessment of CSFs for Migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a city. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for Migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, viz. rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful Entrepreneurship of Migrants.

  • Performance indicators of urban Migrant Entrepreneurship in the Netherlands
    research memorandum, 2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin
    Abstract:

    In recent years, self-employment among Migrant minorities has increased significantly in the Netherlands. The phenomenon of ‘Migrant Entrepreneurship’ (ME) refers to business activities undertaken by Migrants with a specific socio-cultural and ethnic background or Migrant origin. ME distinguishes itself from ‘normal’ Entrepreneurship through its orientation on Migrant products, on Migrant market customers, or on indigenous Migrant business strategies. Migrant groups that produce a strong entrepreneurial group can be of great economic significance for the Migrant business community, as well as for the community as a whole, through job and opportunity creation. The recent literature has documented that Migrant businesses are one of the fastest growing sectors in the Dutch economy. However, knowledge and information that documents entrepreneurial differences between Migrants is lagging far behind this rapid growth. Previous research has mainly focused on knowledge of native entrepreneurs that mainly informs policy, education and research. Against this background, the present study aims to investigate entrepreneurial similarities and differences from a multicultural perspective on Migrant entrepreneurs. In our study we particularly focus on four active and prominent Migrant groups, viz. Turks, Moroccans, Surinamese and Antilleans, in the Netherlands. First, we give a brief historical

Tüzin Baycan-levent - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship and new urban economic opportunities: identification of critical success factors by means of qualitative pattern recognition analysis
    Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 2010
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan-levent
    Abstract:

    In recent years, Entrepreneurship among Migrant minorities has increased significantly in the Netherlands. This paper addresses the key factors determining the economic position of Migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands, with an application to Amsterdam. So far, little information on success conditions for Migrant Entrepreneurship is available, while quantitative knowledge on critical success factors (CSFs) is lagging far behind the rapid growth of Migrant entrepreneurs in big cities like Amsterdam. The present study serves to fill this knowledge gap, by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a modern city. In order to provide a solid assessment of CSFs for Migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective. Due insight into individual entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants is needed to develop an urban business culture in which Migrants are no longer a source of problems but of great socio-economic opportunities, both for the Migrant groups concerned and the vitality of cities. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in the city of Amsterdam in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for Migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical (i.e. qualitative or soft) database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, namely, rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful Entrepreneurship of Migrants. Copyright (c) 2009 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship in a diverse Europe: In search of sustainable development
    2010
    Co-Authors: Tüzin Baycan-levent, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    This engaging book addresses the question of how diverse communities, whether in a nation, city or organization, can live together and prosper whilst retaining and enjoying their cultural differences. This is a particularly pertinent issue in the context of the modern world where mass migration and immigration are pervasive global phenomena.

  • Characteristics Of Migrant Entrepreneurship In Europe
    Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 2009
    Co-Authors: Tüzin Baycan-levent, Peter Nijkamp
    Abstract:

    The present paper aims to investigate and compare various modalities of Migrant Entrepreneurship in European countries in order to design a systematic classification of Migrant Entrepreneurship and to highlight key factors of Migrant Entrepreneurship in Europe. The paper is based on a comparative assessment of available quantitative data and qualitative information derived from a broad review of findings from previous studies in the literature. Our quantitative evaluation includes the European OECD countries, while our qualitative investigation addresses Migrant Entrepreneurship experiences in eight European countries: Denmark, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, and the UK. The results of our comparative analysis show that the general picture of European Migrant Entrepreneurship is determined by some distinct push factors such as high unemployment rates and low participation rates or low status in the labour market as well as by an accompanying factor, namely mixed embeddedness. Th...

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship and New Urban Economic Opportunities
    2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Nijkamp, Mediha Sahin, Tüzin Baycan-levent
    Abstract:

    Nowadays, Migrants form a significant share of the urban population, and their business is critical for urban economic growth. This paper addresses the key factors determining the position of Migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands. In order to develop a solid assessment of CSFs for Migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of Migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a city. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for Migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, viz. rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful Entrepreneurship of Migrants.

  • Motivation and driving forces of Turkish entrepreneurs in Switzerland
    Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: Tüzin Baycan-levent, Seda Kundak
    Abstract:

    Over the past decades many Turkish imMigrants have entered the Western European economies and a number of them and their descendants have started their own businesses. Gradually, Turkish entrepreneurs have become an indigenous and significant part of the local economy, in particular in the major cities of Germany, Belgium, France, Switzerland and the Netherlands. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the “Turkish Entrepreneurship phenomenon”, especially in Germany and the Netherlands, the studies on Migrant Entrepreneurship have been limited in Switzerland. One reason for this limited interest may be the decreasing trend in recent years in the total entrepreneurial activity rate in Switzerland. Factors such as socio-cultural norms, government policy and the education system of the country have led people to prefer working in paid jobs rather than become entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, in these circumstances Turkish entrepreneurs in Switzerland attract attention by their high level of entrep...

Andreia Tolciu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Migrant entrepreneurs and social capital: a revised perspective
    International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 2011
    Co-Authors: Andreia Tolciu
    Abstract:

    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to challenge the mainstream idea of “ethnically over‐socialised” Migrant entrepreneurs, by embedding the concept of social capital in a framework based on economic incentives and bounded rationality. In line with previous studies which develop on the mixed embeddedness approach, this paper seeks to provide a counterbalance to models which overestimate the importance of cultural factors and ethnicity and neglect the role of economic incentives in individual behaviour.Design/methodology/approach – The study relies on 58 semi‐structured interviews with Turkish entrepreneurs, both first and second generation, conducted in Hamburg between October 2008 and January 2009.Findings – The results present a perspective in which Migrant entrepreneurs are first and foremost economic actors, who predominantly understand their ethnic social capital as a strategic, economic resource for action. The study illustrates that the phenomenon of Migrant Entrepreneurship can be understood on...

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship in Hamburg: Results from a qualitative study with Turkish entrepreneurs
    2010
    Co-Authors: Andreia Tolciu, Ann-julia Schaland, Tanja El-cherkeh
    Abstract:

    This article is an overview study on Migrant Entrepreneurship in Hamburg with a special focus on Turkish entrepreneurs. On the basis of 58 semistructured interviews conducted between October 2008 and January 2009, several patterns such as entrepreneurial motivation, business development and embeddednes in co-ethnic or mainstream networks are closely examined. Furthermore, this article refers to problems Migrant entrepreneurs encounter in the business process and illustrates formal and informal strategies applied in solving these issues. Lastly, support structures for Migrant businesses in Hamburg are discussed and evaluated.

Panos Hatziprokopiou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Migrant economies and everyday spaces in Athens in times of crisis
    City, 2016
    Co-Authors: Panos Hatziprokopiou, Yannis Frangopoulos
    Abstract:

    Alongside the depressing image of closed shops as visible indicators of the crisis, Migrant businesses can be found in many parts of Athens and often play a vital role in local neighbourhood markets. This paper explores the socio-spatial dimensions of Athens’ emerging Migrant economies. Drawing from a recent research project combining survey and ethnographic methods on three Athenian neighbourhoods, the paper examines Migrant Entrepreneurship at the local level and highlights the relevance of place, politics and everyday life. We argue that the spread of imMigrant entrepreneurial activity in Athens not only forms an existing part of the urban landscape, but has also become an organic part of the everyday experience of life in the city.

  • Migration and the city
    City, 2016
    Co-Authors: Panos Hatziprokopiou, Yannis Frangopoulos, Nicola Montagna
    Abstract:

    This brief introduction provides an overview of the theoretical grounding of the special feature (CITY, Analysis of Urban Trends, 2016, VOL. 20, NO. 1) and explains why this collection of papers constitutes a cohesive whole. It begins by situating our theme within broader debates on migration, diversity and the city. It proceeds by selectively highlighting key points, as well as omissions, in the literature on Migrant Entrepreneurship with respect to issues relating to space and place. The papers are then introduced.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship in Greece: Diversity of pathways for emerging ethnic business communities in Thessaloniki
    Journal of International Migration and Integration Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale, 2010
    Co-Authors: L. Labrianidis, Panos Hatziprokopiou
    Abstract:

    This paper examines aspects of imMigrants’ Entrepreneurship in Greece, focusing on the emergence of distinct ethnic business communities by Migrants from China, Nigeria, Albania and the former USSR. Beginning from a literature review, it overviews the policy context and official statistics in Greece and discusses recent fieldwork findings in Thessaloniki. The diversity of entrepreneurial strategies and practises is explained through a typology based on the prevailing characteristics of imMigrant businesses. We suggest that the Entrepreneurship of Migrants is embedded within the dynamics of imMigrants’ integration and the broader factors on which this depends. This has important implications, calling for a realistic, coherent, inclusive and long-spanning migratory policy.

  • Migrant Entrepreneurship in Greece: Diversity of pathways for emerging ethnic business communities in Thessaloniki
    Journal of International Migration and Integration, 2010
    Co-Authors: L. Labrianidis, Panos Hatziprokopiou
    Abstract:

    This paper examines aspects of imMigrants' Entrepreneurship in Greece, focusing on the emergence of distinct ethnic business communities by Migrants from China, Nigeria, Albania and the former USSR. Beginning from a literature review, it overviews the policy context and official statistics in Greece and discusses recent fieldwork findings in Thessaloniki. The diversity of entrepreneurial strategies and practises is explained through a typology based on the prevailing characteristics of imMigrant businesses. We suggest that the Entrepreneurship of Migrants is embedded within the dynamics of imMigrants' integration and the broader factors on which this depends. This has important implications, calling for a realistic, coherent, inclusive and long-spanning migratory policy. Résumé Cet article examine des aspects de l'esprit d'entreprise des imMigrants en Grèce, en se concentrant sur l'émergence de milieux des affaires ethniques distincts par des Migrants de la Chine, le Nigeria, l'Albanie et l'Ex-Union Soviétique. Débutant par une revue de la littérature, nous présentons un aperçu du contexte de la politique et des statistiques officielles en Grèce et discutons des résultats de recherches récentes sur le terrain à Thessalonique. La diversité des stratégies et des pratiques entrepreneuriales est expliquée par une typologie basée sur les caractér-istiques prédominantes des entreprises imMigrantes. Nous proposons que l'esprit d'entreprise des imMigrants est partie intégrante de la dynamique de l'intégration des imMigrants et des facteurs plus vastes dont elle dépend. Les répercussions en sont importantes car cela exige une politique en matière de migration qui soit réaliste, cohérente, inclusive et à long terme.