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Ken O Buesseler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of sinking velocities and microbial respiration rates on the attenuation of particulate carbon fluxes through the mesopelagic zone
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2015Co-Authors: Andrew M P Mcdonnell, Philip W Boyd, Ken O BuesselerAbstract:The attenuation of sinking particle fluxes through the mesopelagic zone is an important process that controls the sequestration of carbon and the distribution of other elements throughout the Oceans. Case studies at two contrasting sites, the oligotrophic regime of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) and the mesotrophic waters of the west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) sector of the Southern Ocean, revealed large differences in the rates of particle-attached microbial respiration and the average sinking velocities of marine particles, two parameters that affect the transfer efficiency of particulate matter from the base of the euphotic zone into the deep Ocean. Rapid average sinking velocities of 270 ± 150 m d−1 were observed along the WAP, whereas the average velocity was 49 ± 25 m d−1 at the BATS site. Respiration rates of particle-attached microbes were measured using novel RESPIRE (REspiration of Sinking Particles In the subsuRface Ocean) Sediment traps that first intercepts sinking particles then incubates them in situ. RESPIRE experiments yielded flux-normalized respiration rates of 0.4 ± 0.1 day−1 at BATS when excluding an outlier of 1.52 day−1, while these rates were undetectable along the WAP (0.01 ± 0.02 day−1). At BATS, flux-normalized respiration rates decreased exponentially with respect to depth below the euphotic zone with a 75% reduction between the 150 and 500 m depths. These findings provide quantitative and mechanistic insights into the processes that control the transfer efficiency of particle flux through the mesopelagic and its variability throughout the global Oceans.
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a bottom up view of the biological pump modeling source funnels above Ocean Sediment traps
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2008Co-Authors: David A. Siegel, E Fields, Ken O BuesselerAbstract:Abstract The sinking of particles that make up the biological pump is not vertical but nearly horizontal. This means that the locations where the particles are formed may be distant from their collection in a Sediment trap. This has led to the development of the concept of the statistical funnel to describe the spatial–temporal sampling characteristics of a Sediment trap. Statistical funnels can be used to quantify the source region in the upper Ocean where collected particles were created (source funnels) or the location of the collected particles during that deployment (collection funnels). Here, we characterize statistical funnels for neutrally buoyant, surface-tethered and deep-Ocean moored trap deployments conducted just north of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. Three-dimensional realizations of the synoptic velocity field, created using satellite altimeter and shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler data, are used to advect sinking particles back to their source for sinking velocities of 50–200 m per day. Estimated source- and collection-funnel characteristics for the 5-day collections made by neutrally buoyant and surface-tethered traps are similar with typical scales of several km to several 10s of km. Deep-moored traps have daily source-funnel locations that can be many 100s of km distant from the trap and have long-term containment radii that range from 140 to 340 km depending upon sinking rate. We assess the importance of particle source regions using satellite estimates of chlorophyll concentration as a surrogate for the spatial distribution of particle export. Our analysis points to the need to diagnose water-parcel trajectories and particle sinking rates in the interpretation of sinking-particle fluxes from moored or freely drifting Sediment traps, especially for regions where there are significant horizontal gradients in the export flux. But whence come the little siliceous and calcareous shells…[brought up] from the depth of over miles? Did they live in the surface waters immediately above? Or is their habitat in some remote part of the sea, whence, at their death, the currents were set forth as pallbearers, with the command to deposit the dead corpses where the plummet found them? (Maury, 1858).
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a comparison of the quantity and composition of material caught in a neutrally buoyant versus surface tethered Sediment trap
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2000Co-Authors: Ken O Buesseler, Anthony F. Michaels, James R. Valdes, Deborah K Steinberg, R J Johnson, J E Andrews, James F. PriceAbstract:The #ux and composition of material caught using two di!erent upper Ocean Sediment trap designs was compared at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site (BATS). The standard surface-tethered trap array at BATS was compared to a newly designed neutrally buoyant Sediment trap (NBST). Both traps used identical cylindrical collection tubes. Of particular concern was the e!ect of horizontal #ow on trap collection e$ciency. In one experiment, mass, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) #uxes were slightly lower (20}30%) in the NBST than in the standard BATS trap. In contrast, 234Th and fecal pellet#uxes were up to a factor of two to three lower in the NBST. In a second experiment, mass and POC #uxes decreased signi"cantly with depth in the BATS surface-tethered trap, but not in the NBST. Di!erent brine treatments had no measurable e!ect on collection e$ciencies. A striking observation was that the swimmer ‘#uxa was much larger in the standard BATS traps than in the NBST. Overall, these results show that di!erent components of the sinking #ux can be collected with di!ering e$ciencies, depending upon how traps are deployed in the ambient environment. ( 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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a three dimensional time dependent approach to calibrating Sediment trap fluxes
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1994Co-Authors: Ken O Buesseler, David A. Siegel, Anthony F. Michaels, Anthony H KnapAbstract:We conducted an experiment to test explicitly the accuracy of upper Ocean Sediment trap fluxes using the particle-reactive radionuclide 234Th (t1/2 = 24.1 days). Two independent VERTEX-style multitrap arrays were used for collection of sinking particles at 95 m and 97 m depths over a four-day period in May 1992 at the U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site. Samples for total 234Th were collected every 8 m between the surface and 96 m and immediately combined for analysis to obtain the vertically integrated activity of 234Th. We collected a total of 27 samples over the four-day period. The234Th samples were collected daily at each of the two traps and every other day on a 6 × 6 km grid to characterize the entire source region for particles collected in the traps. In situ flow sensors at one trap array indicated low horizontal shear at the trap mouth (5-10 cm/s) compared to normal values at BATS. The predicted 234Th flux from the watercolumn profiles was not significantly different from zero (−30 ± 140 disintegrations per minute/m2/d). The measured trap 234Th flux at both arrays was significantly higher (290 ± 15 dpm/m2/d). We hypothesize that upper Ocean traps at Bermuda may overcollect during low-flux periods and undercollect during high-flux periods, thus recording a biased signal of the true particle flux.
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do upper Ocean Sediment traps provide an accurate record of particle flux
Nature, 1991Co-Authors: Ken O BuesselerAbstract:Sediment traps are widely used to measure the vertical flux of particulate matter in the Oceans. In the upper Ocean, Sediment traps have been used to determine the extent to which CO2 Axed by primary producers is exported as particulate organic carbon1–3. In addition, the observed decrease of particle flux with depth has been used to predict regeneration rates of organic matter and associated elements3. Over seasonal or annual timescales, the import of limiting nutrients into the upper Ocean (new production) should be balanced by particle export4,5. Given the importance of accurately determining the sinking particle flux, it has been suggested that 234Th might be used to 'calibrate' shallow-trap fluxes6. Here I present a re-evaluation of existing 234Th data which indicates that trap-derived and model-derived 234Th particle fluxes can differ by a factor of ±3–10, suggesting that shallow traps may not provide an accurate measure of particle fluxes.
Lijuan Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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indiOceanicola profundi gen nov sp nov isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Xuefeng Zhou, Chao Long, Xinpeng Tian, Lijuan LongAbstract:A novel basophilic bacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08040T, was recovered from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, vibrioid or spiral, light pink, 0.6–1.0 μm wide and 1.0–2.5 μm long. Growth occurred at 20–45 °C, pH 7–11 and <5 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 28–37 °C, pH 7 and 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Catalase-, oxidase and urease-positive, nitrate reduction-negative. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strain SCSIO 08040T had the highest similarity of 95.3 % to Rhodocista pekingensis 3-pT. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel isolate formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage in the family Rhodospirillaceae . The whole-cell hydrolysate contained meso–diaminopimelic acid, galactose, mannose and xylose. The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C18:1ω7c and C19:0cycloω8c. Q-10 was the predominant ubiquinone. The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content of strain SCSIO 08040T was 66.82 mol%. Based on these polyphasic data, a new genus, IndiOceanicola gen. nov., is proposed in the family Rhodospirillaceae with the type species IndiOceanicola profundi sp. nov. and the type strain SCSIO 08040T (= DSM 105146T=CGMCC 1.15812T).
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rubrobacter indicOceani sp nov a new marine actinobacterium isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Lijuan Long, Fazuo Wang, Xinpeng TianAbstract:A novel mesophilic marine actinobacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08198T, was isolated from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and salmon pink in colour. Good growth occurred on marine agar with 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl and incubation at 28 °C for more than a fortnight. Sensitive to short ultraviolet radiation. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SCSIO 08198T had the highest similarity of 97.2 % to Rubrobacter radiotolerans DSM 5868T, and loosely related (<94.2 %) to all other species in the genus Rubrobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate shared a lineage with members of the genus Rubrobacter . The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C16 : 0 12-methyl. MK-8 was the main menaquinone. The peptidoglycan type was A3α (l-Lys-l-Ala). The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified phospholipids. Based on the whole genome sequence analysis, the genome size is 3 078 689 bp with DNA G+C value of 63.8 mol%, including one circular chromosome and two plasmids. Based on these polyphasic data, a new species, Rubrobacter indicOceani sp. nov., is proposed, with the type strain SCSIO 08198T (=DSM 105148T=CGMCC 1.16398T).
Jian Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prauserella marina sp nov isolated from Ocean Sediment of the south china sea
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Jian Wang, Jiang Bian, Biao Ren, Shukun Tang, Ming Chen, Lixin ZhangAbstract:A novel actinomycete strain, designated MS498T, was isolated from an Ocean Sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. It was subjected to a polyphasic analysis to determine its taxonomic position. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MS498T had the highest similarity (96.5 %) with members of the genus Prauserella and was loosely associated with Prauserella rugosa DSM 43194T and Saccharomonospora halophila DSM 44411T. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data, the new isolate is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Prauserella, named Prauserella marina sp. nov. (type strain MS498T=CCTCC AA 208056T =DSM 45268T).
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Amycolatopsis marina sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from an Ocean Sediment.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 2009Co-Authors: Jiang Bian, Jian Wang, Fu-hang Song, Mei Liu, Huan-qin Dai, Biao Ren, Hong Gao, Zhi-heng LiuAbstract:A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterium, designated strain Ms392A(T), was isolated from an Ocean-Sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. The isolate contained chemical markers that supported chemotaxonomic assignment to the genus Amycolatopsis. On the basis of an analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain Ms392A(T) represents a novel subclade within the genus Amycolatopsis, with Amycolatopsis palatopharyngis 1BDZ(T) as its closest phylogenetic neighbour (99.4 % similarity). However, DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated that strain Ms392A(T) was distinct from A. palatopharyngis AS 4.1729(T) (48.6 % relatedness). The polyphasic analysis demonstrated that the Ocean isolate can be clearly distinguished from recognized species of the genus Amycolatopsis. Therefore, strain Ms392A(T) represents a novel species of the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ms392A(T) (=CGMCC 4.3568(T) =NBRC 104263(T)).
Rouwen Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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indiOceanicola profundi gen nov sp nov isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Xuefeng Zhou, Chao Long, Xinpeng Tian, Lijuan LongAbstract:A novel basophilic bacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08040T, was recovered from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, vibrioid or spiral, light pink, 0.6–1.0 μm wide and 1.0–2.5 μm long. Growth occurred at 20–45 °C, pH 7–11 and <5 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 28–37 °C, pH 7 and 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Catalase-, oxidase and urease-positive, nitrate reduction-negative. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strain SCSIO 08040T had the highest similarity of 95.3 % to Rhodocista pekingensis 3-pT. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel isolate formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage in the family Rhodospirillaceae . The whole-cell hydrolysate contained meso–diaminopimelic acid, galactose, mannose and xylose. The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C18:1ω7c and C19:0cycloω8c. Q-10 was the predominant ubiquinone. The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content of strain SCSIO 08040T was 66.82 mol%. Based on these polyphasic data, a new genus, IndiOceanicola gen. nov., is proposed in the family Rhodospirillaceae with the type species IndiOceanicola profundi sp. nov. and the type strain SCSIO 08040T (= DSM 105146T=CGMCC 1.15812T).
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rubrobacter indicOceani sp nov a new marine actinobacterium isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Lijuan Long, Fazuo Wang, Xinpeng TianAbstract:A novel mesophilic marine actinobacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08198T, was isolated from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and salmon pink in colour. Good growth occurred on marine agar with 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl and incubation at 28 °C for more than a fortnight. Sensitive to short ultraviolet radiation. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SCSIO 08198T had the highest similarity of 97.2 % to Rubrobacter radiotolerans DSM 5868T, and loosely related (<94.2 %) to all other species in the genus Rubrobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate shared a lineage with members of the genus Rubrobacter . The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C16 : 0 12-methyl. MK-8 was the main menaquinone. The peptidoglycan type was A3α (l-Lys-l-Ala). The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified phospholipids. Based on the whole genome sequence analysis, the genome size is 3 078 689 bp with DNA G+C value of 63.8 mol%, including one circular chromosome and two plasmids. Based on these polyphasic data, a new species, Rubrobacter indicOceani sp. nov., is proposed, with the type strain SCSIO 08198T (=DSM 105148T=CGMCC 1.16398T).
Xinpeng Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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complete genome sequence of streptomyces sp scsio 03032 isolated from indian Ocean Sediment producing diverse bioactive natural products
Marine Genomics, 2021Co-Authors: Wenjun Zhang, Xinpeng Tian, Zhiwen Liu, Yanbing Huang, Qingbo Zhang, Changsheng Zhang, Yiguang ZhuAbstract:Abstract Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 03032, isolated from a deep-sea Sediment sample (−3412 m) from the Indian Ocean, produces several classes of bioactive compounds including α-pyridone antibiotics (piericidins), polycyclic macrolactams (heronamides) and bisindole alkaloids (spiroindimicins, indimicins and lynamicins). Here we report the complete genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 03032, which consists of a 6,287,975 bp linear chromosome. The genome analysis reveals the presence of 29 putative biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites, including those for piericidins, heronamides and spiroindimicins/indimicins/lynamicins. The genome sequence suggests that Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 03032 could be a producer for novel bioactive natural products with potential applications in drug discovery.
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indiOceanicola profundi gen nov sp nov isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Xuefeng Zhou, Chao Long, Xinpeng Tian, Lijuan LongAbstract:A novel basophilic bacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08040T, was recovered from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, vibrioid or spiral, light pink, 0.6–1.0 μm wide and 1.0–2.5 μm long. Growth occurred at 20–45 °C, pH 7–11 and <5 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 28–37 °C, pH 7 and 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Catalase-, oxidase and urease-positive, nitrate reduction-negative. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strain SCSIO 08040T had the highest similarity of 95.3 % to Rhodocista pekingensis 3-pT. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel isolate formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage in the family Rhodospirillaceae . The whole-cell hydrolysate contained meso–diaminopimelic acid, galactose, mannose and xylose. The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C18:1ω7c and C19:0cycloω8c. Q-10 was the predominant ubiquinone. The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content of strain SCSIO 08040T was 66.82 mol%. Based on these polyphasic data, a new genus, IndiOceanicola gen. nov., is proposed in the family Rhodospirillaceae with the type species IndiOceanicola profundi sp. nov. and the type strain SCSIO 08040T (= DSM 105146T=CGMCC 1.15812T).
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rubrobacter indicOceani sp nov a new marine actinobacterium isolated from indian Ocean Sediment
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Rouwen Chen, Kexin Wang, Lijuan Long, Fazuo Wang, Xinpeng TianAbstract:A novel mesophilic marine actinobacterial strain, designated as SCSIO 08198T, was isolated from a deep-sea Sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and salmon pink in colour. Good growth occurred on marine agar with 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl and incubation at 28 °C for more than a fortnight. Sensitive to short ultraviolet radiation. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SCSIO 08198T had the highest similarity of 97.2 % to Rubrobacter radiotolerans DSM 5868T, and loosely related (<94.2 %) to all other species in the genus Rubrobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate shared a lineage with members of the genus Rubrobacter . The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C16 : 0 12-methyl. MK-8 was the main menaquinone. The peptidoglycan type was A3α (l-Lys-l-Ala). The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified phospholipids. Based on the whole genome sequence analysis, the genome size is 3 078 689 bp with DNA G+C value of 63.8 mol%, including one circular chromosome and two plasmids. Based on these polyphasic data, a new species, Rubrobacter indicOceani sp. nov., is proposed, with the type strain SCSIO 08198T (=DSM 105148T=CGMCC 1.16398T).