The Experts below are selected from a list of 1620 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Massoud Ranjbar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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embryology of Onobrychis persica sirj and rech f fabaceae and its systematic implications
Caryologia, 2016Co-Authors: Nayereh Tanaomi, Parissa Jonoubi, Abdolkarim Chehregani Rad, Ahmad Majd, Massoud RanjbarAbstract:Developmental aspects of anther, pollen grains, ovule, embryo and seed has described in Onobrychis persica Sirj. and Rech.f. (Fabaceae) under bright field, polarizing and fluorescence microscopy. A...
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an overview on cytogenetics of the genus Onobrychis fabaceae with special reference to o sect hymenobrychis from iran
Caryologia, 2012Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, Fatemeh Hajmoradi, Roya KaramianAbstract:The present study reports the chromosome number and meiotic behavior of 25 populations belonging to 10 species of Onobrychis sect. Hymenobrychis from Iran. Most populations showed the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 14. However, the chromosome number of two populations belonging to O. michauxii and O. subnitens was 2n = 2x = 16. It seems that the species with x = 7 are derived through aneuploid loss. In addition, intra- and interspecific variations in the chromosome number within O. sect. Hymenobrychis, aneuploidy and polyploidy in Onobrychis with special reference to the section Hymenobrychis and also the evolution of the chromosome number throughout the genus are discussed here. As the result of the present study and by reviewing the chromosome number within the genus, it can be concluded that O. sect. Hymenobrychis includes comparatively highly derived taxa and can be considered as a heterogeneous unit within the genus Onobrychis. Almost all the studied taxa displayed regular bivalent pairing and chrom...
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anatomical findings of Onobrychis sect heliobrychis fabaceae in iran and their taxonomic implications
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2012Co-Authors: Roya Karamian, Ali Moradi Behjou, Massoud RanjbarAbstract:Peduncle anatomy was investigated in 20 species of Onobrychis Miller sect. Heliobrychis Bunge from Iran by light microscopy. Ten quantitative and qualitative characters were studied in the peduncle cross sections. Results showed that qualitative characters represent considerable variations within the section, some of which such as outline shape of the peduncle cross section, density of papillae on hair surface, and position of cavities in peduncles are taxonomically important characters to differ annual species from perennials in the section. Four groups were distinguished within the perennial species according to peduncle anatomical characters. In addition, a key is provided for the taxa based on these characters.
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systematic study of Onobrychis shahpurensis fabaceae in iran with the description of o neychalanensis sp nov
Nordic Journal of Botany, 2011Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, A Hadadi, Roya KaramianAbstract:The study of morphology, meiotic behavior, chromosome number and pollen morphology of different populations of Onobrychis shahpurensis Rech. f. (O. sect. Onobrychis) was undertaken to evaluate and determine the variation and circumscription of this species in Iran. All populations were found to be diploid with 2n=2x=14, consistent with the previously proposed base number x=7 for the species. Almost all the populations displayed regular bivalent pairing and chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, some meiotic abnormalities were observed including various degrees of sticky chromosomes with laggards and bridges in anaphase to telophase, fragmented chromosomes in metaphase I, asynchronous nucleus in metaphase II and cytomixis. In addition, Onobrychis neychalanensis Ranjbar, Hadadi & Karamian, a new diploid species (2n=2x=14), belonging to the same section and morhologically similar to O. shahpurensis, but restricted to the northern Khalil-Kuh mountain, northwest Iran, is described and illustrated.
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meiotic chromosome number and behaviour of Onobrychis avajensis fabaceae a new species from western iran
Plant Ecology and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, Roya Karamian, Saeydeh AfsariAbstract:consistent with the proposed base number of = 8. The general meiotic behaviour of the species was regular, with bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation at meiosis. Meiotic abnormalities were observed included a varying degree of sticky chromosomes with laggards, precocious division of centromeres in metaphase I, bridges in anaphase I and multipolar cells in telophase II. Conclusion - Morphological features support the separation of Onobrychis avajensis Ranjbar as a new species.
Roya Karamian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an overview on cytogenetics of the genus Onobrychis fabaceae with special reference to o sect hymenobrychis from iran
Caryologia, 2012Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, Fatemeh Hajmoradi, Roya KaramianAbstract:The present study reports the chromosome number and meiotic behavior of 25 populations belonging to 10 species of Onobrychis sect. Hymenobrychis from Iran. Most populations showed the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 14. However, the chromosome number of two populations belonging to O. michauxii and O. subnitens was 2n = 2x = 16. It seems that the species with x = 7 are derived through aneuploid loss. In addition, intra- and interspecific variations in the chromosome number within O. sect. Hymenobrychis, aneuploidy and polyploidy in Onobrychis with special reference to the section Hymenobrychis and also the evolution of the chromosome number throughout the genus are discussed here. As the result of the present study and by reviewing the chromosome number within the genus, it can be concluded that O. sect. Hymenobrychis includes comparatively highly derived taxa and can be considered as a heterogeneous unit within the genus Onobrychis. Almost all the studied taxa displayed regular bivalent pairing and chrom...
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anatomical findings of Onobrychis sect heliobrychis fabaceae in iran and their taxonomic implications
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2012Co-Authors: Roya Karamian, Ali Moradi Behjou, Massoud RanjbarAbstract:Peduncle anatomy was investigated in 20 species of Onobrychis Miller sect. Heliobrychis Bunge from Iran by light microscopy. Ten quantitative and qualitative characters were studied in the peduncle cross sections. Results showed that qualitative characters represent considerable variations within the section, some of which such as outline shape of the peduncle cross section, density of papillae on hair surface, and position of cavities in peduncles are taxonomically important characters to differ annual species from perennials in the section. Four groups were distinguished within the perennial species according to peduncle anatomical characters. In addition, a key is provided for the taxa based on these characters.
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systematic study of Onobrychis shahpurensis fabaceae in iran with the description of o neychalanensis sp nov
Nordic Journal of Botany, 2011Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, A Hadadi, Roya KaramianAbstract:The study of morphology, meiotic behavior, chromosome number and pollen morphology of different populations of Onobrychis shahpurensis Rech. f. (O. sect. Onobrychis) was undertaken to evaluate and determine the variation and circumscription of this species in Iran. All populations were found to be diploid with 2n=2x=14, consistent with the previously proposed base number x=7 for the species. Almost all the populations displayed regular bivalent pairing and chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, some meiotic abnormalities were observed including various degrees of sticky chromosomes with laggards and bridges in anaphase to telophase, fragmented chromosomes in metaphase I, asynchronous nucleus in metaphase II and cytomixis. In addition, Onobrychis neychalanensis Ranjbar, Hadadi & Karamian, a new diploid species (2n=2x=14), belonging to the same section and morhologically similar to O. shahpurensis, but restricted to the northern Khalil-Kuh mountain, northwest Iran, is described and illustrated.
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chromosome number and meiotic behaviour of two populations of Onobrychis chorassanica bunge o sect hymenobrychis in iran
Journal of Cell and Molecular Research, 2011Co-Authors: Masoud Ranjbar, Roya Karamian, Fatemeh HajmoradiAbstract:The genus Onobrychis belongs to family Fabaceae and has about 130 species throughout the world. Onobrychis sect. Hymenobrychis with nearly 14 species in Iran is one of the important sections of the genus. The chromosome number and meiotic behaviour were studied in two populations of Onobrychis chorassanica belonging to this section native to Iran. This report is the first cytogenetic analysis of this taxon. Both populations are diploid and possess 2n = 2x = 14 chromosome number, consistent with the proposed base number of x = 7. Although these taxa displayed regular bivalent pairing and chromosome segregation at meiosis, some meiotic abnormalities were observed. The meiotic abnormalities included varied degrees of chromosome stickiness including B-chromosome, cytomixis, asynchronous nucleus, fragmented chromosomes, occurrence of laggard chromosomes, chromosome bridges, desynapsis, micronucleous and tripolar cells.
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meiotic chromosome number and behaviour of Onobrychis avajensis fabaceae a new species from western iran
Plant Ecology and Evolution, 2010Co-Authors: Massoud Ranjbar, Roya Karamian, Saeydeh AfsariAbstract:consistent with the proposed base number of = 8. The general meiotic behaviour of the species was regular, with bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation at meiosis. Meiotic abnormalities were observed included a varying degree of sticky chromosomes with laggards, precocious division of centromeres in metaphase I, bridges in anaphase I and multipolar cells in telophase II. Conclusion - Morphological features support the separation of Onobrychis avajensis Ranjbar as a new species.
Lydia M. J. Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a phylogenetic analysis of genus Onobrychis and its relationships within the tribe hedysareae fabaceae
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2013Co-Authors: Nadeesha Lewke Bandara, Terence A. Brown, Alessio Papini, Stefano Mosti, Lydia M. J. SmithAbstract:Results about a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Onobrychis Mill., tribe Hedysareae DC. are presented. The systematic knowledge of tribe Hedysareae is still incomplete, with difficult circumscription of genera and species. Analyses were undertaken using both nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (matK) markers for a set of 78 accessions covering 41 Onobrychis species, besides previously sequenced Hedysareae accessions. The phylogenetic methods used were maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses to produce phylogenetic trees and robustness indices. The genus Onobrychis was resolved as paraphyletic, with species of the genera Eversmannia Bunge and Hedysarum L. nested within it. The position of the section Membranacea of genus Hedysarum was as a sister group to Onobrychis and Eversmannia, separated from other accessions of Hedysarum. Variation in the 2 markers was sufficient to resolve infrageneric groups in Onobrychis and Hedysarum, but we were unable to completely resolve certain species in Onobrychis, particularly those within the sect. Onobrychis. The cause of this difficult species delimitation may be related to recent speciation, hybridization, and introgression events, particularly between cultivated species and their wild relatives, and the presence of cryptospecies as suggested by intraspecific polyploid series.
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cytological characterisation of the underutilized forage crop Onobrychis viciifolia scop and other members of the Onobrychis genus
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2013Co-Authors: Christine Hayot Carbonero, Lydia M. J. Smith, Franck Carbonero, Terence A. BrownAbstract:Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is a perennial forage legume that possesses beneficial properties in the context of sustainable agriculture. A germplasm collection of O. viciifolia was assembled from many geographic regions, as well as a collection of Onobrychis species that might be crossed with O. viciifolia to improve its biological and agronomic properties. The objective of the present study was to obtain cytological information for a broad range of O. viciifolia varieties and related species, in order to confirm and extend previous findings. The study set was 143 accessions of O. viciifolia as well as 34 accessions of 17 other species from the Onobrychis genus. Three of the O. viciifolia accessions were diploid (2n = 2x = 14) and the remainder tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28). Chromosomes were <5 μm in length. Among the other Onobrychis species, roughly half were found to be diploid and the other half tetraploid, with two species, O. arenaria (Kit.) DC. and O. alba subsp. laconica (Orph. ex Boiss.) Hayek, including a mixture of diploid and tetraploid accessions. The basic number of chromosomes was seven, except for O. aequidentata (Sm.) d’Urv. and O. crista-galli Lam., where it was eight. The 2C value for O. viciifolia was estimated at 2.5 pg. These cytological data will be valuable as part of a pre-breeding programme aimed at the eventual production of improved O. viciifolia varieties for use in sustainable agriculture.
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Phylogenetic characterisation of Onobrychis species with special focus on the forage crop Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2012Co-Authors: Christine Hayot Carbonero, Lydia M. J. Smith, Franck Carbonero, Terence A. BrownAbstract:Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is a perennial forage legume that possesses beneficial properties in the context of sustainable agriculture. In order to initiate a pre-breeding programme, we have assembled a germplasm collection of O. viciifolia from many geographic regions, as well as a collection of Onobrychis species that might be crossed with O. viciifolia to improve its biological and agronomic properties. The objective of this study was to obtain DNA sequences from a representative sample of these accessions in order to characterise their genetic diversity and to assess the robustness of the Onobrychis taxonomy. Because of potential problems with copurification of tannins and polyphenols from Onobrychis leaf tissue, three methods for DNA extraction were assessed and the most appropriate one identified. DNA sequences were obtained for the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region and the trnH-psbA and trnT-trnL intergenic spacers of the chloroplast genome. Neighbour joining trees were constructed and accessions were assigned to operational taxonomic units. The results indicated that there is substantial genetic diversity among Onobrychis species. Redundancies in species nomenclature were identified, as well as possible overlap between some of the sections into which the Onobrychis genus has been divided. A genetic distinction was apparent between O. viciifolia accessions from western Europe and those from eastern Europe and Asia, reflecting a similar division based on agronomic properties. Recognition of these different though related germplasms will be valuable in the design of breeding programmes for the rational improvement of sainfoin as a forage crop for sustainable agriculture.
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Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia): A beneficial forage legume
Plant Genetic Resources, 2011Co-Authors: Christine Hayot Carbonero, Irene Mueller-harvey, Terence A. Brown, Lydia M. J. SmithAbstract:The Onobrychis genus comprises a few agronomically important forage legume species, with sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia ) being the most widespread. O. viciifolia has a long history of traditional culture worldwide, but its use has declined in western countries over the last decades. It suffers from low productivity and is more difficult to maintain than other legumes but is known to have valuable characteristics such as palatability and drought tolerance. Recent studies suggest that it has several other highly beneficial properties due to its unique tannin and polyphenol composition. Condensed tannins present in Onobrychis species have been shown to confer anthelmintic properties, increase protein utilization and prevent bloating; they may also have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Positive effects on wildlife and honey production could also be advantageous in the context of sustainable farming. Modern breeding programmes have not been a priority, leading to a lack of genetic knowledge in comparison to extensively used forage legumes. It is expected that potential for O. viciifolia improvements could be achieved by rigorous characterization of the available germplasm and utilization of characters derived from close relatives of the genus. Breeding priorities for the future would include enhanced germination and improved early establishment, allied to the best anthelmintic properties observed in some varieties.
A L Molan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phenolic glycosides of forage legume Onobrychis viciifolia
Phytochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Yan Sun, Yeap L Foo, W C Mcnabb, A L MolanAbstract:Abstract A chemical examination of the extractives of the leaves of sainfoin was undertaken as part of a programme directed at understanding the factors which may contribute to its nutritive value as animal feed. Among the low molecular weight phenolic compounds characterized were seven cinnamic acid derivatives and nine flavonoid glycosides all of which were identified by NMR spectroscopy. Included among these compounds were two new natural hydroxycinnamic esters namely methyl 6- O-p-trans -coumaroyl-β- D -glucopyranoside and methyl 6- O-p-cis -coumaroyl-β- D -glucopyranoside and a novel flavonoid chrysoeriol-4′- O -(6″- O -acetyl)-β- D -glucopyranoside.
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phenolic glycosides of forage legume Onobrychis viciifolia
Phytochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Yan Sun, Yeap L Foo, W C Mcnabb, A L MolanAbstract:A chemical examination of the extractives of the leaves of sainfoin was undertaken as part of a programme directed at understanding the factors which may contribute to its nutritive value as animal feed. Among the low molecular weight phenolic compounds characterized were seven cinnamic acid derivatives and nine flavonoid glycosides all of which were identified by NMR spectroscopy. Included among these compounds were two new natural hydroxycinnamic esters namely methyl 6-O-p-trans-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and methyl 6-O-p-cis-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and a novel flavonoid chrysoeriol-4'-O-(6''-O-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
Cengiz Sancak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of Onobrychis genetic diversity using ssr markers from related legume species
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Suleyman Avci, Emre Ilhan, Mustafa Erayman, Cengiz SancakAbstract:Availability of legume microsatellite markers for Onobrychis taxa was limited. However, cross genera utilization of such markers has been of great interest due to the high cost and labor. In the present study, we attempted to transfer microsatellite markers from Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Medicago truncatulaGaertn. to Onobrychis genus. Additionally, transferred markers were used to identify genetic d iversity among Onobrychis taxa collected from different regions of Turkey. Of the 95 SSR primer pairs previously used for P. vulgaris and M. truncatula, 18 primers were successfully amplified and showed polymorphism among 58 Onobrychis taxa. Eighteen SSR primers observed 79 loci resulting in 725 alleles. The highest number of loci was obtained from BM175 and MTIC84 primers. Gene diversity and polymorphism information content values showed that P. vulgaris primers produced the most informative loci on Onobrychis genomes. The highest genetic diversity values were obtained for Onobrychis argyreaBoiss. subsp argyrea Boiss. (53) while the lowest from Onobrychis cornuta (L.) Desv.(1). The average diversity values were the highest on Hymenobrychis section which was followed by Heliobrychis, Onobrychis, Laphobrychis and Dendobrychis sections. Magnitude of genetic variation was the highest within Onobrychis section in which genetic similarity values ranged from 0.013 to 0.399. The SSR and phylogenetic analysis results showed that sections were separated similar to their morphological characteristics. However, Hymenobrychis and Heliobrychis clearly separated from other sections. Our study showed that Onobrychis genomes could be successfully studied using other legume SSR markers. Therefore, they can be used for conservation of Onobrychis species as well as improving new varieties for feed use.
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pollen morphology of the genus Onobrychis fabaceae in turkey
Turkish Journal of Botany, 2013Co-Authors: Suleyman Avci, Cengiz Sancak, Alp Can, Aydan Acar, Nur Munevver PinarAbstract:The pollen size and morphology of 20 Onobrychis Adans. taxa from Turkey were studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Of the taxa studied, Onobrychis fallax Freyn & Sint. and Onobrychis elata Boiss. & Balansa showed the smallest size of pollen grains, while the largest were found in Onobrychis aequidentata (Sibth. & Sm.) d'Urv. and Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. The pollens of all taxa studied represent the tricolpate type of pollen and are prolate in shape. The type of exine found in the studied taxa is reticulate (sect. Dendobrychis DC. and sect. Laphobrychis Hand.-Mazz.), suprareticulate (sect. Onobrychis), or microreticulate (sect. Hymenobrychis DC. and sect. Heliobrychis Bunge). A correlation is observed between the pollen size and chromosome number.
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in vitro micropropagation of sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia scop
Turkish Journal of Botany, 1999Co-Authors: Cengiz SancakAbstract:A method for in vitro micropropagation of sainfoin was developed. Following optimization of the growth regulator combinations in the media, large numbers of shoots were propagated from a single embryonic axis within 8 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with combination of different 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-butyric acid (IBA) and ?-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations. The highest number of shoot multiplication was obtained on the media containing 2 mg/l BAP and either 0.05 or 0.1 mg/l IBA, and on the media supplemented with 2 mg/l BAP and either 0.05, 0.1 or 0.5 mg/l NAA, or 8 mg/l BAP and 0.05 mg/l NAA. The highest shoot length was observed on a medium containing 2 mg/l BAP only. Excised shootsrooted at a frequency of 60 % within 4 weeks in half strength MS medium containing 1 mg/l IBA and grew into normal fertile plants.
