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David B. Wake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A SEVENTH SPECIES OF MINUTE SALAMANDER (THORIUS: Plethodontidae) FROM THE SIERRA DE JUAREZ, OAXACA, MEXICO
2016Co-Authors: James Hanken, David B. WakeAbstract:We describe a new terrestrial species of minute lungless salamander of the Mexican genus Thorius (Plethodontidae) from montane pine-oak forests in the Sierra de Juarez of north central Oaxaca, Mexico. The new species is distinguished from congeners by a combination of body size, external morphology, osteology, and dental traits, and it is well differentiated genetically from other named species for which data are available. This is the seventh endemic species of Thornis reported from the Sierra de Juarez, and known localities are geographically isolated from those of all other species. Discovery of another new species of plethodontid salamander from Oaxaca enhances the state's standing as a preeminent center of herpetological diversity within both M6xico
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2012): Taxonomy of salamanders of the family Plethodontidae (Amphibia: Caudata). Zootaxa 3309: 7582
2015Co-Authors: David B. WakeAbstract:Several recent publications have made recommendations for changes in the taxonomy of plethodontid salamanders. Here formal taxonomic proposals are made, in accordance with the Code, regarding family-group taxa. Subfamilies Hemidactyliinae and Plethodontinae are recognized, the former with four tribes and the latter with five tribes. Genera are assigned to the tribes, and subgenera are recognized in the genera Batrachoseps, Bolitoglossa, Hydromantes, Oedipina and Plethodon. Key words. Family-group nomina, diagnoses, Batrachosepini new taxon, Aneidini new taxon, Hydromantini new taxon Recent years have witnessed major changes in our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of taxa of the largest family of salamanders, the Plethodontidae. These changes have come about in part from generation of new molecular data and their analyses (e.g., Chippindale et al. 2004; Mueller et al. 2004; Vieites et al. 2011), as well as from new discoveries (Camp et al. 2009; Min et al. 2005). However, the taxonomic changes suggested have been done informally, for the most part. Here I offer a formal taxonomy. In this work I have been influenced by the detailed taxonomic treatment of the Family Salamandridae by Dubois and Raffaëlli (2009) and by the critical analysis of Dubois (2008). The taxonomy based on osteology proposed by Wake (1966) was stable for many years. That taxonom
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from Costa Rica
2015Co-Authors: Mario García-parís, Gabriela Parra-olea, David B. WakeAbstract:subpalmata group (Caudata: Plethodontidae
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subgenus Oeditriton from the highlands of northern Nicaragua
2015Co-Authors: Javier Sunyer, David B. Wake, Josiah H. Townsend, Scott L. Travers, Sean M. Rovito, Theodore J. Papenfuss, Lenin A. Obando, Gunther KöhlerAbstract:A new species of worm salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Oedipina) in th
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www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Correspondence
2015Co-Authors: David B. Wake, Sean M. Rovito, Jessica A. Maisano, James HankenAbstract:Taxonomic status of the enigmatic salamander Cryptotriton adelos (Amphibia: Plethodontidae) from northern Oaxaca, Mexico, with observations on its skull and postcranial skeleto
Jessica A. Wooten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sexual selection and male-biased size dimorphism in a lineage of lungless salamander (Ampibia: Plethodontidae)
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Tabea M Soelter, Jessica A. WootenAbstract:Abstract Evolutionary biologists have long focused on the patterns and causes of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). While female-biased SSD is common among ectotherms, a few lineages predominately exhibit male-biased SSD. One example is the clade of desmognathans, a monophyletic group of two genera within the Plethodontinae of the lungless salamander family Plethodontidae. Members of these two genera have a unique pattern of SSD: males mature earlier and at smaller sizes than females but reach greater maximum sizes. We used comparative phylogenetic methods to test whether SSD in these salamanders is the result of sexual selection on males. Spatial evolutionary and ecological vicariance analysis indicated a significant divergence in SSD associated with the phylogenetic origin of the desmognathans. Phylogenetic least-squares regression across the two most speciose genera of the subfamily determined a significant relationship between SSD and adult sex ratio. While male desmognathans are not sexually dimorphic in head size, they have a unique head morphology that causes their heads to grow more rapidly as their body size increases as compared with the heads of other salamanders. This pattern of allometric growth combines with a powerful bite force and enlarged premaxillary teeth to create formidable weaponry that probably is more responsive to sexual selection.
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Hidden in Plain Sight: Cryptic Diversity in the Plethodontidae
Copeia, 2016Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Jessica A. WootenAbstract:Although knowledge of the existence of cryptic species dates back hundreds of years, the true extent of cryptic diversity was not discernible until the development of modern molecular techniques. Both homoplasy and morphological conservatism—patterns which result in cryptic taxa—are rampant within the Plethodontidae, the largest salamander family and a taxon rich in cryptic lineages. The first cryptic species of plethodontid, Plethodon websteri, was described in 1979, and the discovery of new cryptic lineages has now become commonplace. Their taxonomic recognition, however, has been controversial, not a surprising result given the differences in methodology—or in the idea of what defines a species—that exist among researchers. Two radiations pinpoint the variation in forces that may drive speciation and the development of cryptic lineages. The Plethodon glutinosus complex represents a non-adaptive radiation characterized by largely parapatric, niche-conserved species. The Desmognathus quadramaculatus comp...
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Role of temperature in determining relative abundance in cave twilight zones by two species of lungless salamander (family Plethodontidae)
Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Jessica A. Wooten, John B. Jensen, Dale F. BartekAbstract:Lungless salamanders of the family Plethodontidae have historically been considered to be passive conformers to their surrounding thermal environment because there is no evidence that they thermoregulate behaviourally in the field. In contrast, plethodontids readily choose optimal temperatures when placed on experimental thermal gradients. It has been hypothesized that restriction to moist habitats prevents these salamanders from exploiting thermally diverse microhabitats in nature. We tested this hypothesis, as well as the hypothesis that response to temperature differs among plethodontid species, by investigating the thermal ecology of two species (Cave Salamander, Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822, and Northern Slimy Salamander, Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818)) occupying twilight zones of six caves in northwestern Georgia. We recorded inside and outside temperatures, as well as the number of each species, for each of three seasons (summer, fall, spring) over 13 years. We also tested for differences ...
Carlos D. Camp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sexual selection and male-biased size dimorphism in a lineage of lungless salamander (Ampibia: Plethodontidae)
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Tabea M Soelter, Jessica A. WootenAbstract:Abstract Evolutionary biologists have long focused on the patterns and causes of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). While female-biased SSD is common among ectotherms, a few lineages predominately exhibit male-biased SSD. One example is the clade of desmognathans, a monophyletic group of two genera within the Plethodontinae of the lungless salamander family Plethodontidae. Members of these two genera have a unique pattern of SSD: males mature earlier and at smaller sizes than females but reach greater maximum sizes. We used comparative phylogenetic methods to test whether SSD in these salamanders is the result of sexual selection on males. Spatial evolutionary and ecological vicariance analysis indicated a significant divergence in SSD associated with the phylogenetic origin of the desmognathans. Phylogenetic least-squares regression across the two most speciose genera of the subfamily determined a significant relationship between SSD and adult sex ratio. While male desmognathans are not sexually dimorphic in head size, they have a unique head morphology that causes their heads to grow more rapidly as their body size increases as compared with the heads of other salamanders. This pattern of allometric growth combines with a powerful bite force and enlarged premaxillary teeth to create formidable weaponry that probably is more responsive to sexual selection.
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Hidden in Plain Sight: Cryptic Diversity in the Plethodontidae
Copeia, 2016Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Jessica A. WootenAbstract:Although knowledge of the existence of cryptic species dates back hundreds of years, the true extent of cryptic diversity was not discernible until the development of modern molecular techniques. Both homoplasy and morphological conservatism—patterns which result in cryptic taxa—are rampant within the Plethodontidae, the largest salamander family and a taxon rich in cryptic lineages. The first cryptic species of plethodontid, Plethodon websteri, was described in 1979, and the discovery of new cryptic lineages has now become commonplace. Their taxonomic recognition, however, has been controversial, not a surprising result given the differences in methodology—or in the idea of what defines a species—that exist among researchers. Two radiations pinpoint the variation in forces that may drive speciation and the development of cryptic lineages. The Plethodon glutinosus complex represents a non-adaptive radiation characterized by largely parapatric, niche-conserved species. The Desmognathus quadramaculatus comp...
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Role of temperature in determining relative abundance in cave twilight zones by two species of lungless salamander (family Plethodontidae)
Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2014Co-Authors: Carlos D. Camp, Jessica A. Wooten, John B. Jensen, Dale F. BartekAbstract:Lungless salamanders of the family Plethodontidae have historically been considered to be passive conformers to their surrounding thermal environment because there is no evidence that they thermoregulate behaviourally in the field. In contrast, plethodontids readily choose optimal temperatures when placed on experimental thermal gradients. It has been hypothesized that restriction to moist habitats prevents these salamanders from exploiting thermally diverse microhabitats in nature. We tested this hypothesis, as well as the hypothesis that response to temperature differs among plethodontid species, by investigating the thermal ecology of two species (Cave Salamander, Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822, and Northern Slimy Salamander, Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818)) occupying twilight zones of six caves in northwestern Georgia. We recorded inside and outside temperatures, as well as the number of each species, for each of three seasons (summer, fall, spring) over 13 years. We also tested for differences ...
Christopher K. Beachy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Supplementary figure 1
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Unconstrained topology for selected taxa in the salamander family Plethodontidae using Rag1 sequence obtained from GenBank
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Supplementary figure 2
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Topology for selected taxa in the salamander family Plethodontidae using Rag1 sequence obtained from GenBank. This topology is constrained to form a monophyletic unit for Pseudotrition, Gyrinophilus, and Stereochilus
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Supp. Fig. 3 - Gland presence parsimony
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Parsimony reconstruction of mental glands within Plethodontidae. Two states were considered: absent (white) and present (black). Pie charts at each node provide the most parsimonious reconstruction for each node. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a Bayesian analysis of Rag1 sequences (see Materials and Methods)
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Supp. Fig. 5 - Head rubbing parsimony
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Parsimony reconstruction of heading rubbing within Plethodontidae. Two states were considered: absent (white) and present (black). Pie charts at each node provide the most parsimonious reconstruction for each node. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a Bayesian analysis of Rag1 sequences (see Materials and Methods)
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Supp. Fig. 4 - Gland morphology parsimony
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Parsimony reconstruction of mental gland morphology within Plethodontidae. Six unordered states were considered: absent (white), small pad (black), large pad (red), anterior protrusion (yellow), bifurcated (green), and fan-shaped (blue). Pie charts at each node provide the most parsimonious reconstruction for each node. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a Bayesian analysis of Rag1 sequences (see Materials and Methods)
David M. Sever - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Lack of Nasolacrimal Ducts in Plethodontid Salamanders
Anatomical Record-advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Dustin S. Siegel, David M. Sever, Michael S. Taylor, Stanley E. TrauthAbstract:Nasolacrimal ducts are a terrestrial vertebrate adaptation and appear to have co-evolved with orbital glands. Although plethodontid salamanders possess orbital glands, a recent study concluded that plethodontid salamanders lack nasolacrimal ducts. Functionally, the absence of nasolacrimal ducts closes the route for orbital gland secretion passage into the nasal and vomeronasal organ cavities. Orbital glands have been implicated in enhancement of vomeronasal function so loss could have important implications for communication. Multiple older studies depict or discuss nasolacrimal ducts in plethodontid salamanders. Interestingly, the only consensus between recent and older literature is that Desmognathus lacks nasolacrimal ducts. To determine if plethodontid salamanders truly lack nasolacrimal ducts, we sectioned plethodontid salamander heads for general histological examination of species from the majority of the plethodontid tribes. From our representative sample, we found only two species that completely lacked nasolacrimal ducts (Desmognathus fuscus and Eurycea tynerensis) and one species that possessed nasolacrimal ducts that ended blindly before reaching the nasal cavities (E. spelaea). Bayesian ancestral state reconstruction resulted in the presence of nasolacrimal ducts on the branch leading to Plethodontidae and both subfamilies within Plethodontidae, with two independent losses in Desmognathus and Eurycea. Anat Rec, 301:765-775, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Supplementary figure 1
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Unconstrained topology for selected taxa in the salamander family Plethodontidae using Rag1 sequence obtained from GenBank
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Supplementary figure 2
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Topology for selected taxa in the salamander family Plethodontidae using Rag1 sequence obtained from GenBank. This topology is constrained to form a monophyletic unit for Pseudotrition, Gyrinophilus, and Stereochilus
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Supp. Fig. 3 - Gland presence parsimony
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Parsimony reconstruction of mental glands within Plethodontidae. Two states were considered: absent (white) and present (black). Pie charts at each node provide the most parsimonious reconstruction for each node. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a Bayesian analysis of Rag1 sequences (see Materials and Methods)
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Supp. Fig. 5 - Head rubbing parsimony
2016Co-Authors: David M. Sever, Dustin S. Siegel, Michael S. Taylor, Christopher K. BeachyAbstract:Parsimony reconstruction of heading rubbing within Plethodontidae. Two states were considered: absent (white) and present (black). Pie charts at each node provide the most parsimonious reconstruction for each node. The phylogeny was reconstructed using a Bayesian analysis of Rag1 sequences (see Materials and Methods)