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Rainer Schultze-kraft - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clearing confusion in Stylosanthes taxonomy: 1. S. seabrana B.L. Maass & 't Mannetje
Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 2020Co-Authors: Bruce G. Cook, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:Stylosanthes seabrana was first formally described as a new species in 2002 following extensive morphological and agronomic characterization, accompanied by genetic and molecular studies. Since then it has been proposed as a synonym of Stylosanthes scabra Vogel. This paper refutes this synonymization and indicates the indisputable evidence that S. seabrana, a diploid, is a likely putative progenitor of the allotetraploid S. scabra.
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Lectotypification of Stylosanthes hispida (Leguminosae)
Kew Bulletin, 2017Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:Stylosanthes is a mainly New World genus comprising about 25 species but some of them are currently poorly defined. The genus is economically important, especially for low input agricultural production systems in the tropics and subtropics. During recent research on Stylosanthes taxonomy it became apparent that the species Stylosanthes hispida had never been formally typified. In order to foster taxonomic stability within the genus Stylosanthes, we here propose a lectotype for S. hispida. Additionally, some nomenclatural comments are provided.
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Exploration and conservation of Stylosanthes (Leguminosae) genetic resources in Venezuela
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraft, Orlando GuenniAbstract:Stylosanthes Sw. is considered one of the economically most important tropical forage legumes. The genus is essentially Neotropical, and Brazil, Venezuela and Mesoamerica are the main centres of species diversification. In view of its importance, an extensive review of Venezuelan Stylosanthes genetic resources was carried out. Firstly, the known natural distributions of all 11 species based on herbarium specimens were georeferenced and mapped and, by comparing them with information of germplasm (=seed) collection site distributions, for each species regions were identified which in terms of collecting and safeguarding genetic resources of Stylosanthes had not been explored yet. Secondly, the actual status of the Stylosanthes collection in Venezuela in terms of collected seed samples and available germplasm is discussed, as is the need for further explorations, including targeting ecologically important locations. Finally, the different Stylosanthes species in Venezuela are grouped according to their perceived agronomic value and potential as forage for animal production systems, and recommendations are given regarding research, collection and preservation needs. Overall, this study compiled baseline information for future considerations of an important genetic resource in Venezuela. The endangerment of the three endemic species, Stylosanthes falconensis Calles et Schultze-Kr., Stylosanthes sericeiceps S.F. Blake and Stylosanthes venezuelensis Calles et Schultze-Kr. should be a major concern and warrants priority considerations for preservation.
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Biogeographical studies of Venezuelan species of Stylosanthes (Leguminosae).
2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraft, Orlando GuenniAbstract:Stylosanthes is a mainly Neotropical genus comprising ca. 25 species with Venezuela hosting high species richness. Despite of the economic importance of some species as forage legumes, the biogeography of Stylosanthes in Venezuela has hitherto been poorly studied. Information of herbarium specimens and germplasm accessions was collated in order to assess distribution, range size, geographic species richness and rarity in the country. Stylosanthes guianensis has the widest geographical distribution and the largest range size. The highest species richness occurs in the eastern plains (“Llanos”) (7-10° N, 62-65° W). The endemic S. sericeiceps and S. venezuelensis fall within the rarest category. This study contributes to better understand the pattern of biogeographical variation of Venezuelan Stylosanthes species, and can help to design conservation strategies.
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New species, nomenclatural changes and recent taxonomic studies in the genus Stylosanthes (Leguminosae): An update
Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:Since the last taxonomic overview during the 1982 Stylosanthes Symposium in Townsville, Australia, 10 new species: S. falconensis , S. longicarpa , S. maracajuensis , S. nunoi , S. quintanarooensis , S. recta , S. salina , S. seabrana , S. vallsii and S. venezuelensis ; and 1 botanical variety: S. guianensis var. pauciflora ; have been validly described. Furthermore, 2 nomenclatural changes have been proposed, both being elevations of botanical varieties to the rank of species: S. gracilis and S. rostrata . In the major taxonomic databases, The Plant List and GRIN, the taxonomic status (“accepted” vs. “synonym” vs. “unresolved”) of some of these new taxa, however, differs. In addition, this paper reports on Stylosanthes names that can be found in the post-symposium literature but have not been validly published, and on recent regional studies of Stylosanthes taxonomy. Suggested research needs as perceived by non-botanists include an updated Stylosanthes monograph and taxonomic studies within the S. guianensis , S. hamata and S. scabra species complexes. Keywords: Taxonomy, validly published names. DOI: 10.17138/TGFT(4)122-128
Teodardo Calles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lectotypification of Stylosanthes hispida (Leguminosae)
Kew Bulletin, 2017Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:Stylosanthes is a mainly New World genus comprising about 25 species but some of them are currently poorly defined. The genus is economically important, especially for low input agricultural production systems in the tropics and subtropics. During recent research on Stylosanthes taxonomy it became apparent that the species Stylosanthes hispida had never been formally typified. In order to foster taxonomic stability within the genus Stylosanthes, we here propose a lectotype for S. hispida. Additionally, some nomenclatural comments are provided.
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Exploration and conservation of Stylosanthes (Leguminosae) genetic resources in Venezuela
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraft, Orlando GuenniAbstract:Stylosanthes Sw. is considered one of the economically most important tropical forage legumes. The genus is essentially Neotropical, and Brazil, Venezuela and Mesoamerica are the main centres of species diversification. In view of its importance, an extensive review of Venezuelan Stylosanthes genetic resources was carried out. Firstly, the known natural distributions of all 11 species based on herbarium specimens were georeferenced and mapped and, by comparing them with information of germplasm (=seed) collection site distributions, for each species regions were identified which in terms of collecting and safeguarding genetic resources of Stylosanthes had not been explored yet. Secondly, the actual status of the Stylosanthes collection in Venezuela in terms of collected seed samples and available germplasm is discussed, as is the need for further explorations, including targeting ecologically important locations. Finally, the different Stylosanthes species in Venezuela are grouped according to their perceived agronomic value and potential as forage for animal production systems, and recommendations are given regarding research, collection and preservation needs. Overall, this study compiled baseline information for future considerations of an important genetic resource in Venezuela. The endangerment of the three endemic species, Stylosanthes falconensis Calles et Schultze-Kr., Stylosanthes sericeiceps S.F. Blake and Stylosanthes venezuelensis Calles et Schultze-Kr. should be a major concern and warrants priority considerations for preservation.
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Biogeographical studies of Venezuelan species of Stylosanthes (Leguminosae).
2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraft, Orlando GuenniAbstract:Stylosanthes is a mainly Neotropical genus comprising ca. 25 species with Venezuela hosting high species richness. Despite of the economic importance of some species as forage legumes, the biogeography of Stylosanthes in Venezuela has hitherto been poorly studied. Information of herbarium specimens and germplasm accessions was collated in order to assess distribution, range size, geographic species richness and rarity in the country. Stylosanthes guianensis has the widest geographical distribution and the largest range size. The highest species richness occurs in the eastern plains (“Llanos”) (7-10° N, 62-65° W). The endemic S. sericeiceps and S. venezuelensis fall within the rarest category. This study contributes to better understand the pattern of biogeographical variation of Venezuelan Stylosanthes species, and can help to design conservation strategies.
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New species, nomenclatural changes and recent taxonomic studies in the genus Stylosanthes (Leguminosae): An update
Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 2016Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:Since the last taxonomic overview during the 1982 Stylosanthes Symposium in Townsville, Australia, 10 new species: S. falconensis , S. longicarpa , S. maracajuensis , S. nunoi , S. quintanarooensis , S. recta , S. salina , S. seabrana , S. vallsii and S. venezuelensis ; and 1 botanical variety: S. guianensis var. pauciflora ; have been validly described. Furthermore, 2 nomenclatural changes have been proposed, both being elevations of botanical varieties to the rank of species: S. gracilis and S. rostrata . In the major taxonomic databases, The Plant List and GRIN, the taxonomic status (“accepted” vs. “synonym” vs. “unresolved”) of some of these new taxa, however, differs. In addition, this paper reports on Stylosanthes names that can be found in the post-symposium literature but have not been validly published, and on recent regional studies of Stylosanthes taxonomy. Suggested research needs as perceived by non-botanists include an updated Stylosanthes monograph and taxonomic studies within the S. guianensis , S. hamata and S. scabra species complexes. Keywords: Taxonomy, validly published names. DOI: 10.17138/TGFT(4)122-128
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Collecting Venezuelan Stylosanthes species
Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales, 2014Co-Authors: Teodardo Calles, Rainer Schultze-kraftAbstract:A report on recent activities to collect representative germplasm samples of Stylosanthes species native to Venezuela is presented. The main objective was to obtain original seeds for phylogenetic studies and, at the same time, to contribute to safeguarding Stylosanthes diversity, in view of the increasing danger of genetic erosion. Seeds of 33 samples, comprising all 11 Venezuelan Stylosanthes species, were collected: S. angustifolia, S. capitata, S. gracilis, S. guianensis, S. hamata, S. humilis, S. scabra and S. viscosa plus the endemic and little-known S. falconensis, S. sericeiceps and S. venezuelensis . Populations of the latter 3 species were small and difficult to locate; these species must be considered endangered and require further attention by genetic resources specialists. Furthermore, assessment of their agronomic and forage potential, in particular, S. falconensis and S. sericeiceps, is warranted.
De Valadares Filho C. Sebastião - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intake and Digestibility of Nutrients of Corn and \u3cem\u3eStylosanthes\u3c/em\u3e Silages in Diets for Sheep
UKnowledge, 2020Co-Authors: Da Silva, Thiago C., Pereira, Odilon G., Agarussi, Mariele C. N., Da Silva, Vanessa P., Cardoso, Lucas L., Da Silva, Leandro D., Ribeiro, Karina G., De Valadares Filho C. SebastiãoAbstract:The low concentration of water soluble carbohydrates, the high buffering capacity and the low autochthonous population of lactic acid bacteria are limiting factors to legume ensiling. However, recent research with tropical legumes has shown that the silages presented an adequate fermentation profile (Liu et al. 2012; Silva et al. 2012; Pereira et al. 2012). Nevertheless, there are few studies on the use of Stylosanthes silages cv. Campo Grande (Stylosanthes capitata + Stylosantes macrocephala) for sheep feeding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of nutrients of Stylosanthes and corn silages in sheep diets
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\u3cem\u3eStylosanthes\u3c/em\u3e cv. Campo Grande in Diets of Beef Cattle: Intake and Digestibility of Nutrients and Ruminal Fermentation
UKnowledge, 2020Co-Authors: Da Silva, Thiago C., Pereira, Odilon G., Ribeiro, Karina G., Amaro, Felipe Xavier, Amaro, Felipe X., Duarte, Paula G. F., Rufino, Leidy D. A., Corrêa, Augusto M., De Valadares Filho C. SebastiãoAbstract:Recent studies have shown that it is possible to obtain well-fermented silages from tropical legumes (Heinritz et al., 2012). Souza et al. (2014) concluded that Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande silage (StS); (Stylosantes capitata + S. macrocephala), when included in the proportion of 50% dietary dry matter (DM), could replace corn silage in diets of feedlot beef cattle without altering intake and performance. However, there is a lack of information about increasing proportion of StS that should be included in diets for beef cattle. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of nutrients, and ruminal fermentation of beef cattle fed diets with Stylosanthes and concentrate in different levels
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Performance of Beef Cattle Fed Diets Containing \u3cem\u3eStylosanthes\u3c/em\u3e and Corn Silages
UKnowledge, 2020Co-Authors: Da Silva, Thiago C., Pereira, Odilon G., Agarussi, Mariele C. N., Ribeiro, Karina G., Duarte, Paula G. F., Martins, Rafael M., Da Costa, Douglas R., De Valadares Filho C. SebastiãoAbstract:Reports of the use of tropical legumes in silage production are scarce as these legumes have high contents of crude protein, low water soluble carbohydrate and high buffering capacity, which inhibit the production of silages with good fermentation and nutritional characteristics. Recent research has, however, shown that it is possible to produce good quality silages using tropical legumes (Pereira et al. 2012). Souza et al. (2012) concluded that silage produced from Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande (Stylosanthes capitata + Stylosanthes macrocephala) at 60% proportion of the dry matter of the diet can replace corn silage in diets for beef cattle in feedlots without altering their intake and productive performance. However, the ideal proportion of this silage in the diets for beef cattle is still unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and performance of beef cattle fed diets with Stylosanthes and corn silages
Bai Changjun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Physiological Indexes of Three Stylosanthes Seedlings
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2013Co-Authors: Bai ChangjunAbstract:The effect of low temperature stress on physiological indicators of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Reyan II,Stylosanthes guianensis cv.ReyanⅤ and Stylonsanthes scabra Vog.was studied in the paper.The results suggested that with the temperature decline and stress time prolonging,the content of chlorophyll declined,while the contents of plasma membrane permeability and soluble sugar increased to various extents.Thus,a conclusion was drawn that Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan Ⅴ had a strongest performance in cold resistance,and Stylonsanthes scabra Vog.did the worst.
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Germination Characteristics of Stylosanthes spp.under Different Temperature Stress
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Bai ChangjunAbstract:The germination characteristics of Stylosanthes spp.under different temperature were studied.The results showed that the germination rate,potentialization,germination index of the seed firstly increased,and then decreased with temperature increase.So the adequate temperature of germination was 20℃,18 h,30℃,6 h.The germination rate of Stylosanthes spp.from high to low was Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.18Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.20Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.2Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.5.
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Breeding and utilization of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Reyan No. 18.
2011Co-Authors: Bai Changjun, Liu Guodao, Yan Linling, Chen Zhiquan, Yu DaogenAbstract:Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.GC 1581 was introduced from CIAT in 1996 with ecological adaptability trials evaluated in 1996-1997.Comparative trial followed in 1998-2000,and then regional and productive trials were conducted during 2002-2005 and 2003-2007 respectively.Preliminary results show that dry matter yield of Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.cv.Reyan 18 is 11420.0 kg·hm-2·a-1 which is significantly higher than that of Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.5(P0.05).It also has higher resistance to stylo anthracnose and could endure hot dry periods more than 4-5 months and maintain good growth during dry season.Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.cv.Reyan 18 could tolerate poor soil,low phosphor fertility and acid soil especially in pH 4.0～4.5.It also has good growth under eucalypt artificial forests and rubber plantation as cover crops.It was suitable for grazing,cutting systems and planting in tropical and sub-tropical regions especially in South-China.
Jakeline Renata Marcon Delamuta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bradyrhizobium stylosanthis sp nov comprising nitrogen fixing symbionts isolated from nodules of the tropical forage legume Stylosanthes spp
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Jakeline Renata Marcon Delamuta, Renan Augusto Ribeiro, Jean Luiz Simoes De Araujo, Luc Felicianus Marie Rouws, Jerri Edson Zilli, Marcia Maria Parma, Itamar Soares De Melo, Mariangela HungriaAbstract:The introduction of legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in tropical areas under pasture is a key factor for improvement of soil fertility. However, there are still very few studies concerning the symbionts of tropical forage legumes. We performed a polyphasic study with three strains representing the genus Bradyrhizobium (BR 446T, BR 510 and BR 511) isolated from the tropical perennial forage legume of the genus Stylosanthes. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the three strains showed highest similarity with B. huanghuaihaiense , and in the analysis of the intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) they showed less than 93.4 % similarity to all described species of the genus Bradyrhizobium . Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) with three, four or five (dnaK, glnII, gyrB, recA and rpoB) housekeeping genes confirmed that the BR strains belong to a distinct clade, with <96.5 % nucleotide identity with other members of the genus Bradyrhizobium . Average nucleotide identity (ANI) of genome sequences between strain BR 446T and B. huanghuaihaiense was below the threshold for species circumscription (90.7 %). DNA-DNA hybridization resulted in ΔT m values over 6.7 °C with the most closely related species. Similarities among the BR strains and differences from other species were confirmed by rep-PCR analysis. Interestingly, the BR strains were grouped in the analysis of nifH and nodC genes, but showed higher similarity with B. iriomotense and B. manausense than with B. huanghuaihaiense , indicating a different evolutionary history for nitrogen-fixation genes. Morpho-physiological, genotypic and genomic data supported that these BR strains represent a novel species for which the name Bradyrhizobium stylosanthis sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is BR 446T (=CNPSo 2823T=HAMBI 3668T=H-8T), isolated from Stylosanthes guianensis.
