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Michael Calonje - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Stem Branching of Cycad Plants Informs Horticulture and Conservation Decisions
Horticulturae, 2020Co-Authors: Thomas E. Marler, Michael CalonjeAbstract:The number of branches in male and female plants of Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill, Cycas edentata de Laub., Cycas wadei Merr., and Zamia encephalartoides D.W. Stev. were counted in Guam, Philippines, and Colombia, to confirm earlier reports that female plants develop fewer branches than males. Cycas plants produce determinate male strobili and indeterminate female strobili, but Zamia plants produce determinate strobili for both sexes. More than 80% of the female trees for each of the Cycas species were unbranched with a single stem, but more than 80% of the male trees exhibited two or more branches. The mean number of branches on male plants was more than double that of female plants. The number of branches of the Zamia male plants was almost triple that of female plants. Moreover, the Zamia plants produced 2.8-fold greater numbers of branches than the mean of the Cycas plants. Most of Guam’s unsexed C. micronesica trees in 2004 were unbranched, but after 15 years of damage from non-native insect herbivores, most of the remaining live trees in 2020 contained three or more branches. The results confirm that male Cycas and Zamia plants produce more branches than female plants and suggest cycad species with determinate female strobili produce more branches on female plants than species with indeterminate female strobili. Our results indicate that the years of plant mortality on Guam due to non-native insect herbivores have selectively killed more female C. micronesica trees. Horticulture and conservation decisions may be improved with this sexual dimorphism knowledge.
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Zamia brasiliensis , a new species of Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Mato Grosso and Rondônia, Brazil
Phytotaxa, 2019Co-Authors: Rosane Segalla, Michael CalonjeAbstract:Zamia brasiliensis Calonje & Segalla, a new subterranean-stemmed species of Zamia (Zamiaceae) from Mato Grosso and Rondonia, Brazil, is described and illustrated. It is compared to two morphologically similar species with adjacent geographic distributions: Z. boliviana from the Cerrado biome, and the Amazonian species Z. ulei. The new species shares unarmed petioles with Z. boliviana but is readily distinguishable by its much broader leaflets. Z. brasiliensis has leaflets somewhat resembling those of juvenile individuals of Z. ulei, but the latter species is easily differentiated by the presence of prickles on its petiole.
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A Time-Calibrated Species Tree Phylogeny of the New World Cycad Genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales)
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Alan W. Meerow, M. Patrick Griffith, Andrew P. Vovides, Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Mario Coiro, Javier Francisco-ortegaAbstract:Premise of research. The genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae), consisting of 79 species, is the most species-rich and widely distributed cycad genus in the New World and arguably the most morphologically and...
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Zamia paucifoliolata , a new species of Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Phytotaxa, 2018Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Cristina López-gallego, Jonatan CastroAbstract:Zamia paucifoliolata , a new cycad species from the Pacific lowlands of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished from other species of Zamia by having an underground stem typically bearing large solitary leaves with eighteen or fewer leaflets, villous strobilar axes, microsporangia borne on both the abaxial and adaxial side of microsporophylls, and seeds that are longer than 18 mm. It is compared to Z. pyrophylla, Z. cunaria, and Z. ipetiensis , species which it most closely resembles.
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Contrasting demographic history and population structure of Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on six islands of the Greater Antilles suggests a model for population diversification in the Caribbean clade of the genus.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Francisco Jiménez-rodríguez, John Lawrus, Andreas OberliAbstract:Premise of research. After Cuba, the three largest islands of the Greater Antilles are Hispaniola, Jamaica (JAM), and Puerto Rico (PR), all of which are inhabited by the Zamia pumila complex, a mon...
Dennis W. Stevenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Disentangling the identity of Zamia from Mexican Pacific seaboard, with a description of a new species
Nordic Journal of Botany, 2019Co-Authors: Fernando Nicolalde-morejón, Dennis W. Stevenson, Lilí Martínez-domínguez, Francisco Vergara-silvaAbstract:We present a revision based on qualitative and quantitative morphological comparisons including all populations of Zamia from the coastal plain of Pacific Mexico. We recognize four species in this area: Z. paucijuga, Z. herrerae, Z. spartea and the new species Z. stenophyllidia which is described from Michoacan, Mexico. Zamia stenophyllidia has is distinct with respect to both vegetative and reproductive structures; namely, linear, lanceolate, papyraceous and narrow leaflets (up to 0.8 cm wide), robust and short prickles (up to 2 mm), and ovoid, yellowish, ovulate strobili. The description of this species implies a recircumscription of Z. paucijuga; on this basis, an epitype for Z. paucijuga is designated here. We also introduce a key for all species of Zamia from Mexico. Biogeographically, the new species is interesting for its sympatry with Dioon stevensonii, a species that has been a model for the study of the formation of modern Neotropical forests.
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A new Zamia (Zamiaceae) from Colombia
Brittonia, 2018Co-Authors: Dennis W. Stevenson, Dairon Cárdenas López, Nicolás Castaño ArboledaAbstract:Zamia lindosensis, a species of cycad from sandy soils of Amazonas, Colombia, is described and illustrated. It is compared to Zamia amazonum, which has similar habitat requirements, petiole morphology and prickles, leaflet margins, and strobili but with very narrow leaflets.
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Clarification of Zamia acuminata and a new Zamia species from Coclé Province, Panama
Phytotaxa, 2013Co-Authors: Anders J. Lindström, Michael Calonje, Dennis W. Stevenson, Chad E. Husby, Alberto TaylorAbstract:Zamia acuminata has remained an obscure, poorly understood species for over a century due to possibly misinterpreted or erroneous locality data on the unicate sterile type specimen, a very brief protologue description, the misidentification of the plants from El Valle de Anton in Panama as Z. acuminata , and the erroneous determinations of plants of Z. acuminata from Costa Rica as Z. fairchildiana . Recently collected material from San Jose Province in Costa Rica is here determined to be identical to the single sterile leaf material of the holotype of Zamia acuminata . We consider Z . acuminata to be a Costa Rican endemic species restricted to the western Talamanca mountain range in San Jose Province, and that the Zamia from El Valle de Anton in Panama, which has previously been referred to as Zamia acuminata , to be a new species, here described as Zamia nana.
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Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on Puerto Rico: Asymmetric genetic differentiation and the hypothesis of multiple introductions
American journal of botany, 2012Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Tomas Ayala-silva, Dennis W. Stevenson, Kyoko NakamuraAbstract:PREMISE OF THE STUDY This study of Zamia in Puerto Rico is the most intensive population genetics investigation of a cycad to date in terms of number of markers, and one of few microsatellite DNA studies of plants from the highly critical Caribbean biodiversity hotspot. Three distinctive Zamia taxa occur on the island: Z. erosa on the north coast, and Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila, both in the south. Their relationships are largely unknown. We tested three hypotheses about their genetic diversity, including the possibility of multiple introductions. METHODS We used 31 microsatellite loci across 10 populations and analyzed the data with AMOVA, Bayesian clustering, and ABC coalescent modeling. KEY RESULTS Puerto Rican Zamias exhibit an amalgam of patterns of genetic differentiation that have been reported for cycads. Overall, the taxa are slightly inbred, with high infra-populational variation and little evidence of recent bottlenecks. Zamia erosa exhibits a more than threefold greater degree of population differentiation than the other two taxa. Admixture is evident only between Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila. Zamia portoricensis is inferred to be the youngest taxon on the island, on the basis of estimates of coalescence time and effective population size. A selective sweep may be underway in a small population of Z. erosa in a saline environment. CONCLUSIONS Zamia erosa may represent an independent introduction into Puerto Rico; Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila fit a scenario of allopatric speciation. This will be explored further in the context of genetic analysis across the entire Caribbean region.
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The typification of Zamia erosa and the priority of that name over Z. amblyphyllidia
TAXON, 2010Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Alan W. Meerow, Dennis W. StevensonAbstract:The lectotype designation of Zamia erosa O.F. Cook & G.N. Collins by Eckenwalder (1980) is corrected to a neotype as it does not constitute original material on which Cook & Collins based their description. The neotype designation is itself superseded, as the specimen selected by Eckenwalder is in serious conflict with the protologue, a conclusion based on over-looked descriptive and geographic information in the protologue, and new collections recently made near the type locality. A new neotype is designated. We have further determined that Z. erosa is an earlier validly published name for the species currently known as Zamia amblyphyllidia D.W. Stev.
Alan W. Meerow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Time-Calibrated Species Tree Phylogeny of the New World Cycad Genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales)
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Alan W. Meerow, M. Patrick Griffith, Andrew P. Vovides, Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Mario Coiro, Javier Francisco-ortegaAbstract:Premise of research. The genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae), consisting of 79 species, is the most species-rich and widely distributed cycad genus in the New World and arguably the most morphologically and...
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Contrasting demographic history and population structure of Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on six islands of the Greater Antilles suggests a model for population diversification in the Caribbean clade of the genus.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Francisco Jiménez-rodríguez, John Lawrus, Andreas OberliAbstract:Premise of research. After Cuba, the three largest islands of the Greater Antilles are Hispaniola, Jamaica (JAM), and Puerto Rico (PR), all of which are inhabited by the Zamia pumila complex, a mon...
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Shifting Quaternary migration patterns in the Bahamian archipelago: Evidence from the Zamia pumila complex at the northern limits of the Caribbean island biodiversity hotspot.
American journal of botany, 2017Co-Authors: Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Lindy Knowles, Vanessa Sanchez, David KnowlesAbstract:PREMISE OF THE STUDY The Bahamas archipelago is formed by young, tectonically stable carbonate banks that harbor direct geological evidence of global ice-volume changes. We sought to detect signatures of major changes on gene flow patterns and reconstruct the phylogeographic history of the monophyletic Zamia pumila complex across the Bahamas. METHODS Nuclear molecular markers with both high and low mutation rates were used to capture two different time scale signatures and test several gene flow and demographic hypotheses. KEY RESULTS Single-copy nuclear genes unveiled apparent ancestral admixture on Andros, suggesting a significant role of this island as main hub of diversity of the archipelago. We detected demographic and spatial expansion of the Zamia pumila complex on both paleo-provinces around the Piacenzian (Pliocene)/Gelasian (Pleistocene). Populations evidenced signatures of different migration models that have occurred at two different times. Populations on Long Island (Z. lucayana) may either represent a secondary colonization of the Bahamas by Zamia or a rapid and early-divergence event of at least one population on the Bahamas. CONCLUSIONS Despite changes in migration patterns with global climate, expected heterozygosity with both marker systems remains within the range reported for cycads, but with significant levels of increased inbreeding detected by the microsatellites. This finding is likely associated with reduced gene flow between and within paleo-provinces, accompanied by genetic drift, as rising seas enforced isolation. Our study highlights the importance of the maintenance of the predominant direction of genetic exchange and the role of overseas dispersion among the islands during climate oscillations.
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Cycad biodiversity in the Bahamas Archipelago and conservation genetics of the threatened Zamia lucayana (Zamiaceae)
Oryx, 2013Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Alan W. Meerow, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Lindy Knowles, David Knowles, Javier Francisco-ortegaAbstract:A conservation assessment for the three cycad species native to the Bahamas Islands is presented. Results are based on field surveys on all islands where these species occur. Zamia angustifolia is native to Eleuthera, Zamia integrifolia is native to Abaco, Andros, Eleuthera, Grand Bahama and New Providence, and Zamia lucayana is endemic to Long Island. Z. angustifolia is of the highest conservation concern because of the small number of adult plants, its restricted distribution and the extensive development occurring within its habitat. Z. integrifolia also has a restricted distribution on Eleuthera and Grand Bahama and, although threatened by urban development in New Providence, it is relatively common on Abaco and Andros. Z. lucayana comprises three populations within a narrow strip of land of c. 1 km 2 ; we propose a reassignment of its current conservation status from Endangered to Critically Endangered. We assessed the genetic structure of Z. lucayana based on 15 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci; this indicated that the three known populations should be considered a single management unit. However, the high number of private alleles suggests that genetic drift, indicative of recent fragmentation, is progressing. We propose in situ conservation strategies, and we also collected germplasm from a total of 24 populations of these three cycad species, for ex situ conservation.
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Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on Puerto Rico: Asymmetric genetic differentiation and the hypothesis of multiple introductions
American journal of botany, 2012Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Tomas Ayala-silva, Dennis W. Stevenson, Kyoko NakamuraAbstract:PREMISE OF THE STUDY This study of Zamia in Puerto Rico is the most intensive population genetics investigation of a cycad to date in terms of number of markers, and one of few microsatellite DNA studies of plants from the highly critical Caribbean biodiversity hotspot. Three distinctive Zamia taxa occur on the island: Z. erosa on the north coast, and Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila, both in the south. Their relationships are largely unknown. We tested three hypotheses about their genetic diversity, including the possibility of multiple introductions. METHODS We used 31 microsatellite loci across 10 populations and analyzed the data with AMOVA, Bayesian clustering, and ABC coalescent modeling. KEY RESULTS Puerto Rican Zamias exhibit an amalgam of patterns of genetic differentiation that have been reported for cycads. Overall, the taxa are slightly inbred, with high infra-populational variation and little evidence of recent bottlenecks. Zamia erosa exhibits a more than threefold greater degree of population differentiation than the other two taxa. Admixture is evident only between Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila. Zamia portoricensis is inferred to be the youngest taxon on the island, on the basis of estimates of coalescence time and effective population size. A selective sweep may be underway in a small population of Z. erosa in a saline environment. CONCLUSIONS Zamia erosa may represent an independent introduction into Puerto Rico; Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila fit a scenario of allopatric speciation. This will be explored further in the context of genetic analysis across the entire Caribbean region.
Anders J. Lindström - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Highly Successful Adventitious Root Formation of Zamia L. Stem Cuttings Exhibits Minimal Response to Indole-3-Butyric Acid
HortScience, 2020Co-Authors: Benjamin E. Deloso, Anders J. Lindström, Frank A. Camacho, Thomas E. MarlerAbstract:The influences of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0–30 mg·g−1 on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings were determined. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The IBA concentrations did not influence the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea, but the Z. integrifolia cuttings that received IBA concentration of 3 mg·g−1 generated adventitious roots more slowly than the cuttings in the control group. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were not influenced by IBA concentration for either species. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species is successful without horticultural application of IBA. Additional IBA studies are needed on the other 300+ cycad species, especially those that are in a threatened category.
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Clarification of Zamia acuminata and a new Zamia species from Coclé Province, Panama
Phytotaxa, 2013Co-Authors: Anders J. Lindström, Michael Calonje, Dennis W. Stevenson, Chad E. Husby, Alberto TaylorAbstract:Zamia acuminata has remained an obscure, poorly understood species for over a century due to possibly misinterpreted or erroneous locality data on the unicate sterile type specimen, a very brief protologue description, the misidentification of the plants from El Valle de Anton in Panama as Z. acuminata , and the erroneous determinations of plants of Z. acuminata from Costa Rica as Z. fairchildiana . Recently collected material from San Jose Province in Costa Rica is here determined to be identical to the single sterile leaf material of the holotype of Zamia acuminata . We consider Z . acuminata to be a Costa Rican endemic species restricted to the western Talamanca mountain range in San Jose Province, and that the Zamia from El Valle de Anton in Panama, which has previously been referred to as Zamia acuminata , to be a new species, here described as Zamia nana.
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Typification of some species names in Zamia L. (Zamiaceae), with an assessment of the status of Chigua D. Stev.
TAXON, 2009Co-Authors: Anders J. LindströmAbstract:Zamia amplifolia Hort. W. Bull ex Mast., Z. roezlii Linden, and Z. wallisii A. Braun have been unnecessarily neotypified because original material exists at K or STO. Zamia oligodonta E. Calderon & D.W. Stev. is synonymized with Z. montana A. Braun. Zamia lindenii Regel ex Andre is considered specifically distinct from Z. poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler. The genus Chigua is synonymized with Zamia and the new combination Z. restrepoi (D.W. Stev.) A. Lindst. proposed, and C. bernalli D.W. Stev. is synonymized with Z. restrepoi.
Kyoko Nakamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contrasting demographic history and population structure of Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on six islands of the Greater Antilles suggests a model for population diversification in the Caribbean clade of the genus.
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Francisco Jiménez-rodríguez, John Lawrus, Andreas OberliAbstract:Premise of research. After Cuba, the three largest islands of the Greater Antilles are Hispaniola, Jamaica (JAM), and Puerto Rico (PR), all of which are inhabited by the Zamia pumila complex, a mon...
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Shifting Quaternary migration patterns in the Bahamian archipelago: Evidence from the Zamia pumila complex at the northern limits of the Caribbean island biodiversity hotspot.
American journal of botany, 2017Co-Authors: Dayana E. Salas-leiva, Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Lindy Knowles, Vanessa Sanchez, David KnowlesAbstract:PREMISE OF THE STUDY The Bahamas archipelago is formed by young, tectonically stable carbonate banks that harbor direct geological evidence of global ice-volume changes. We sought to detect signatures of major changes on gene flow patterns and reconstruct the phylogeographic history of the monophyletic Zamia pumila complex across the Bahamas. METHODS Nuclear molecular markers with both high and low mutation rates were used to capture two different time scale signatures and test several gene flow and demographic hypotheses. KEY RESULTS Single-copy nuclear genes unveiled apparent ancestral admixture on Andros, suggesting a significant role of this island as main hub of diversity of the archipelago. We detected demographic and spatial expansion of the Zamia pumila complex on both paleo-provinces around the Piacenzian (Pliocene)/Gelasian (Pleistocene). Populations evidenced signatures of different migration models that have occurred at two different times. Populations on Long Island (Z. lucayana) may either represent a secondary colonization of the Bahamas by Zamia or a rapid and early-divergence event of at least one population on the Bahamas. CONCLUSIONS Despite changes in migration patterns with global climate, expected heterozygosity with both marker systems remains within the range reported for cycads, but with significant levels of increased inbreeding detected by the microsatellites. This finding is likely associated with reduced gene flow between and within paleo-provinces, accompanied by genetic drift, as rising seas enforced isolation. Our study highlights the importance of the maintenance of the predominant direction of genetic exchange and the role of overseas dispersion among the islands during climate oscillations.
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Cycad biodiversity in the Bahamas Archipelago and conservation genetics of the threatened Zamia lucayana (Zamiaceae)
Oryx, 2013Co-Authors: Michael Calonje, Alan W. Meerow, M. Patrick Griffith, Kyoko Nakamura, Lindy Knowles, David Knowles, Javier Francisco-ortegaAbstract:A conservation assessment for the three cycad species native to the Bahamas Islands is presented. Results are based on field surveys on all islands where these species occur. Zamia angustifolia is native to Eleuthera, Zamia integrifolia is native to Abaco, Andros, Eleuthera, Grand Bahama and New Providence, and Zamia lucayana is endemic to Long Island. Z. angustifolia is of the highest conservation concern because of the small number of adult plants, its restricted distribution and the extensive development occurring within its habitat. Z. integrifolia also has a restricted distribution on Eleuthera and Grand Bahama and, although threatened by urban development in New Providence, it is relatively common on Abaco and Andros. Z. lucayana comprises three populations within a narrow strip of land of c. 1 km 2 ; we propose a reassignment of its current conservation status from Endangered to Critically Endangered. We assessed the genetic structure of Z. lucayana based on 15 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci; this indicated that the three known populations should be considered a single management unit. However, the high number of private alleles suggests that genetic drift, indicative of recent fragmentation, is progressing. We propose in situ conservation strategies, and we also collected germplasm from a total of 24 populations of these three cycad species, for ex situ conservation.
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Zamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) on Puerto Rico: Asymmetric genetic differentiation and the hypothesis of multiple introductions
American journal of botany, 2012Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco-ortega, Michael Calonje, M. Patrick Griffith, Tomas Ayala-silva, Dennis W. Stevenson, Kyoko NakamuraAbstract:PREMISE OF THE STUDY This study of Zamia in Puerto Rico is the most intensive population genetics investigation of a cycad to date in terms of number of markers, and one of few microsatellite DNA studies of plants from the highly critical Caribbean biodiversity hotspot. Three distinctive Zamia taxa occur on the island: Z. erosa on the north coast, and Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila, both in the south. Their relationships are largely unknown. We tested three hypotheses about their genetic diversity, including the possibility of multiple introductions. METHODS We used 31 microsatellite loci across 10 populations and analyzed the data with AMOVA, Bayesian clustering, and ABC coalescent modeling. KEY RESULTS Puerto Rican Zamias exhibit an amalgam of patterns of genetic differentiation that have been reported for cycads. Overall, the taxa are slightly inbred, with high infra-populational variation and little evidence of recent bottlenecks. Zamia erosa exhibits a more than threefold greater degree of population differentiation than the other two taxa. Admixture is evident only between Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila. Zamia portoricensis is inferred to be the youngest taxon on the island, on the basis of estimates of coalescence time and effective population size. A selective sweep may be underway in a small population of Z. erosa in a saline environment. CONCLUSIONS Zamia erosa may represent an independent introduction into Puerto Rico; Z. portoricensis and Z. pumila fit a scenario of allopatric speciation. This will be explored further in the context of genetic analysis across the entire Caribbean region.
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Ten microsatellite loci from Zamia integrifolia (Zamiaceae)
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2007Co-Authors: Alan W. Meerow, Kyoko NakamuraAbstract:Ten microsatellite loci isolated from Zamia integrifolia are described. All 10 are polymorphic, with three to 10 alleles across 36 members of a single population from South Florida. Heterozygosities ranged from 0.139 to 0.889. Two loci depart significantly from Hardy– Weinberg equilibrium, and exhibit heterozygote deficiency. One locus pair exhibits significant linkage disequilibrium. The primers have also successfully amplified loci from Zamia portoricensis and Zamia ambliphyllidia . These loci will be utilized for population studies in the Caribbean Zamia pumila complex.
