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Shibnath Mazumder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ameliorating er stress attenuates aeromonas hydrophila induced mitochondrial dysfunctioning and caspase mediated hkm apoptosis in Clarias batrachus
    Scientific Reports, 2015
    Co-Authors: Chaitali Banerjee, Ambika Singh, Taposh K Das, Rajagopal Raman, Anju Shrivastava, Shibnath Mazumder
    Abstract:

    Ameliorating ER-stress attenuates Aeromonas hydrophila -induced mitochondrial dysfunctioning and caspase mediated HKM apoptosis in Clarias batrachus

  • aeromonas hydrophila induced head kidney macrophage apoptosis in Clarias batrachus involves the activation of calpain and is caspase 3 mediated
    Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Chaitali Banerjee, Ramansu Goswami, Gaurav Verma, Malabika Datta, Shibnath Mazumder
    Abstract:

    The mechanism of macrophage cytotoxicity induced by Aeromonas hydrophila is yet unresolved. We observed A. hydrophila induces Head Kidney Macrophage (HKM) apoptosis in Clarias batrachus, as evident from Hoechst 33342 and AnnexinV-Propidium Iodide staining and presence of oligonucleosomal DNA ladder. Initiation of apoptosis required the bacteria to be alive, be actively phagocytosed into HKM and was dependent on host proteins. Elevated cytosolic calcium and consequent calpain activity that declined following pre-incubation with EGTA, verapamil and nifedipine implicates the role of calcium influx through voltage gated calcium channels and calpain in A. hydrophila-induced HKM apoptosis. Though, calpain-1 and -2 were involved, calpain-2 appeared to be more important in the process. EGTA, verapamil, nifedipine and calpain-2 inhibitor reduced caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. We conclude that A. hydrophila alters cytosolic calcium homeostasis initiating the activation of calpains, more specifically calpain-2, which leads to caspase-3 mediated HKM apoptosis in C. batrachus.

  • role of virulence plasmid of aeromonas hydrophila in the pathogenesis of ulcerative disease syndrome in Clarias batrachus
    Indian Journal of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Tanmay Majumdar, Ramansu Goswami, Soma Datta, Debabrata Ghosh, S Dutta, Amit Kumar Chakraborty, Shibnath Mazumder
    Abstract:

    Pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila (strain VB21), a multiple-drug resistance strain contains a plasmid of about 21 kb. After curing of plasmid, the isolates became sensitive to antimicrobials, to which they were earlier resistant. The cured bacteria exhibited significant alterations in their surface structure, growth profile and virulence properties, and failed to cause ulcerative disease syndrome (UDS) when injected into the Indian catfish Clarias batrachus. Routine biochemical studies revealed that the plasmid curing did not alter the biochemical properties of the bacteria. After transformation of the plasmid into cured A. hydrophila the bacterium regained its virulence properties and induced all the characteristic symptoms of UDS when injected into fish. Thus, the plasmid plays a pivotal role in the phenotype, growth and virulence of A. hydrophila and pathogenesis of aeromonad UDS.

  • long term exposure to arsenic affects head kidney and impairs humoral immune responses of Clarias batrachus
    Aquatic Toxicology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Debabrata Ghosh, Soma Datta, Shelley Bhattacharya, Shibnath Mazumder
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study was aimed at determining the effects of long-term arsenic exposure on the head kidney (HK) and ensuing humoral immune responses in Clarias batrachus L. Long-term exposure (150 days) to non-lethal concentrations of arsenic (42.42 μM) resulted in significant time-dependent alterations in HK cell number eventually affecting the HK somatic index. Prolonged exposure to arsenic also suppressed HK-B cell proliferation and led to significant reduction in serum immunoglobulin levels and antigen-specific serum bacterial agglutinin titers. A decline in the number of antigen-specific plaque-forming cells with duration of arsenic exposure was noted in the HK. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays further revealed that arsenic exposure inhibited the release of “IL-4 like factors” from HK-T cells. Histological studies documented time-dependent changes in the structure and cellular composition of HK characterized by extensive lymphocytopenia, decrease in melano-macrophage population and hemosiderin accumulation. From exposure-challenge studies with Aeromonas hydrophila it was evident that pathogens could efficiently disseminate and colonize distant host tissues in the exposed fish. Moreover, the ability to decrease the pathogen load was also significantly reduced in the arsenic-exposed fish. Thus long-term exposure to non-lethal concentrations of arsenic affects HK and interferes with the humoral immune system of C. batrachus rendering them immunocompromised and susceptible to pathogenic challenge.

  • Sub-lethal concentration of arsenic interferes with the proliferation of hepatocytes and induces in vivo apoptosis in Clarias batrachus L.
    Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP, 2007
    Co-Authors: Soma Datta, Dhira Rani Saha, Debabrata Ghosh, Tanmay Majumdar, Shelley Bhattacharya, Shibnath Mazumder
    Abstract:

    Abstract We studied the hepatocellular alterations induced by sub-lethal concentrations (0.50 μM) of arsenic in Indian catfish Clarias batrachus L. Sub-lethal arsenic exposure altered serum aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels and brought about significant changes in different serum biochemical parameters. Arsenic exposure reduced total hepatocyte protein content and suppressed the proliferation of hepatocytes in a time-dependent manner. Routine histological studies on liver documented arsenic-induced changes characterized by dilated sinusoids, formation of intracellular edema, megalocytosis, vacuolation and appearance of hepatic cells with distorted nuclei. Transmission electron microscopy of hepatocytes further revealed hyperplasia and hypertrophy of mitochondria, development of dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and changes in peroxisome size with duration of arsenic exposure. Degeneration of mitochondrial cristae and condensation of chromatin was also evident in arsenic-exposed hepatocytes. A significant number of hepatocytes isolated from arsenic-exposed fish stained with annexin V and demonstrated DNA ladder characteristic of apoptosis. Single-cell gel electrophoresis of exposed hepatocytes also revealed the development of comets usually seen in apoptotic cells. Using specific inhibitors it was determined that the arsenic-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes was caspase-mediated, involving the caspase 3 pathway.

Ghousia Begum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the role of vitamin c as antioxidant in protection of biochemical and haematological stress induced by chlorpyrifos in freshwater fish Clarias batrachus
    Chemosphere, 2015
    Co-Authors: Madhusudan Reddy Narra, Kodimyala Rajender, Rudra R Reddy, Venkateswara J Rao, Ghousia Begum
    Abstract:

    Abstract The study was conducted to explore the modulatory effects of chlorpyrifos and protective role of vitamin C in tissues of Clarias batrachus. Treatments include E1 group (basal diet plus 1.65 mg L−1 CPF) and E2 group (basal diet + 200 mg kg body weight vitamin C and 1.65 mg L−1 CPF) along with a control group of fishes (fed on basal diet only). After 1, 7, 15, and 30 d of treatment, fish tissues (brain, blood and liver) were used for the estimation of growth, biochemical and haematological parameters. The results of E1 group indicated significantly lower weight gain and survival rate. Brain AChE activity was inhibited. The RBC, Hb, respiratory burst activity, total protein and HSI were also reduced whereas WBC count, plasma glucose and haematocrit were elevated. In contrast, liver glycogen content, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were inhibited and malate dehydrogenase, aspartate, alanine amino transferase were enhanced. The E2 group of fish exhibited significant improvement in growth, survival, haematological indices, brain AChE, liver glycogen and oxidative enzyme activity. The findings support that dietary vitamin C supplementation might be helpful in abrogation of chlorpyrifos toxicity and improves growth, survival, biochemical and haematological conditions in fishes.

  • enzymes as biomarkers of cypermethrin toxicity response of Clarias batrachus tissues atpase and glycogen phosphorylase as a function of exposure and recovery at sublethal level
    Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2009
    Co-Authors: Ghousia Begum
    Abstract:

    The present study was conducted to evaluate the sublethal effects of a synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin on ATPase, and glycogen phosphorylase in gill, kidney, liver, and muscle tissue of freshwater fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn) during exposure and cessation of exposure. Thirty-six fish were exposed to 1/3 of LC 50 concentration i, e. 0.07 mg/L cypermethrin for 10 days. After 10 days, 18 fish were transferred to freshwater and 10 days recovery response was observed. Thirty-six fish were kept as a control group. The effect of cypermethrin intoxication was studied on total, Mg+2, Na+-K+ ATPase, glycogen, and glycogen phosphorylase (a) and (ab) in various physiological tissues at the end of 1, 5, and 10 days of exposure and recovery period. Cypermethrin intoxication resulted in a significant inhibition in the activities of total, Mg+2, and Na+-K+ ATPase enzyme and glycogen content, whereas it caused a significant induction in the levels of glycogen phosphorylase (a). The activity level of glycogen phosphor...

  • assessment of biochemical markers of carbofuran toxicity and recovery response in tissues of the freshwater teleost Clarias batrachus linn
    Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ghousia Begum
    Abstract:

    The effects of a sublethal concentration (7.66 mg/L) of carbofuran, were assessed on Clarias batrachus. The fish were exposed to 7.66 mg of carbofuran/L for 6 days. After 6 days, fish were released into carbofuran-free water in order to study the recovery pattern. Proteins were decreased in gill and kidney and recovery was greater in gill than in kidney. Total amino acids were increased in both tissues. Ammonia level declined in gill and enhanced in kidney throughout the study period. The activities of all enzymes measured were induced in both tissues, except for aspartate aminotransaminase, which was inhibited in gill tissues.

  • cypermethrin induced biochemical perturbations in freshwater fish Clarias batrachus at sublethal exposure and after released into freshwater
    Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Ghousia Begum
    Abstract:

    Cypermethrin-induced alterations in the fish, Clarias batrachus were studied. The fish were exposed to cypermethrin at a concentration of 0.07 mg/L for 10 days. After 10 days, fish were released into freshwater to observe the recovery response. At the end of 1, 5, and 10 days of exposure and after transfer into freshwater, different parameters were estimated in muscle and kidneys. Reduction in proteins was observed in both tissues, and recovery response was seen in muscle and kidneys. Free amino acid and ammonia content was enhanced in muscle and kidney for the 10 days. Transaminases (ALAT and AAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were increased in both tissues for 10 days exposure span. Enzyme activities did not show much of the recovery.

  • in vivo biochemical changes in liver and gill of Clarias batrachus during cypermethrin exposure and following cessation of exposure
    Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ghousia Begum
    Abstract:

    Abstract The sublethal effect of a synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin on total protein, amino acids, ammonia, glycogen, and enzymes like aminotransaminases (AIAT, AAT), glutamate dehydrogenase, and glycogen phosphorylases (a and ab) was studied in physiological important tissues viz; liver and gill tissues of freshwater teleost air breathing fish, Clarias batrachus . The study was conducted during exposure of 1/3 (33%) of LC 50 concentration and followed by cessation of exposure. Thirty-six fish were exposed to 0.07 mg/L cypermethrin for 10 days. After 10 days, 18 fish were released to freshwater and kept in the same for 10 days (recovery group). Thirty-six fish were kept in freshwater as control batch. Protein content in liver tissues decreased at the end of 1st and 5th day followed by slight increase at the end of 10th day. Gill tissue showed statistical significant decrease ( P C. batrachus . This fish indicated recovery response when transferred to cypermethrin free water.

Bechan Lal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gametogenic and steroidogenic action of kisspeptin 10 in the asian catfish Clarias batrachus putative underlying mechanistic cascade
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, 2021
    Co-Authors: A Singh, Bechan Lal, Jyoti Parkash, Robert P Millar
    Abstract:

    Unlike mammals, two kisspeptins genes encoding, kiss1 and kiss2 are detected in fishes with highly varied and contradictory difference in their reproductive activities. The present study was undertaken to examine the direct action of kisspeptin-10 and its role in gonadal activities in the gonadally quiescent Asian catfish using native mammalian kisspeptin decapeptide (KP-10) involving in vivo and in vitro approaches. The in vivo KP-10 treatment caused precocious onset of gametogenesis and its rapid progression, as was evident from the appearance of advanced stages of ovarian follicles in ovary, and advanced germ cells (spermatocytes/ spermatids) in the testis of the treated Clarias batrachus in comparison to the control gonads. It also elevated the steroid levels in gonads of the catfish in vivo and in vitro conditions. Simultaneously, it increased the expressions of key steroidogenic enzymes like 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, and StAR protein, responsible for transfer of cholesterol from outer to inner membrane of the mitochondria of steroidogenic cells. Concurrently, it augmented the activities of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD in the ovarian explants. The expressions of MAPK component (pERK1/2 and ERK1/2) were also up-regulated by KP-10 in gonadal explants. Thus, the data suggest that kisspeptin-10 stimulates gametogenesis by enhancing gonadal steroid production. The study also describes the putative mechanistic cascade of steroidogenic actions of kisspeptin-10 in the catfish so much so in teleost fish. The study also suggests that, kisspeptin may act locally to regulate gonadal activities in an autocrine/paracine manner, independent of known extra-gonadal factors in the catfish.

  • seasonal ovarian immunolocalization of neuropeptide y and its role in steriodogenesis in asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Bechan Lal
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study was undertaken to examine the cellular localization and potential steroidogenic role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the ovary of the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus . NPY-immunoreaction was observed in the follicular cells (granulosa and thecal cells) in the growing ovarian follicles, and the intensity of staining increased steadily from the initiation of follicular development until follicles were fully grown. Thereafter as follicles matured the stain intensity decreased. Positive correlations were found between NPY expression and the ovarian levels of 17β-estradiol, testosterone, and activities of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) in the ovary. In vitro NPY treatment stimulated the production of the two steroids and the activities of two enzymes. This is the first report of NPY immunoreactivity at the cellular level in the fish ovary and implicates this orexigenic peptide in the modulation of ovarian steroidogenesis.

  • malathion exposure induces the endocrine disruption and growth retardation in the catfish Clarias batrachus linn
    General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Bechan Lal, Mukesh Kumar Sarang, Pankaj Kumar
    Abstract:

    Many hormones are known for their role in the regulation of metabolic activities and somatic growth in fishes. The present study deals with the effects of malathion (an organophosphorous pesticide) on the levels of metabolic hormones that are responsible for promotion of somatic and ovarian growth of the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. Malathion treatment for thirty days drastically reduced the food intake and body weight of fish. These fish also exhibited a great avoidance to food. Exposure of catfish to malathion reduced the levels of thyroxine (T(4)), triiodothyronine (T(3)), growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I), testosterone (T) and estradiol-17β (E(2)) in a dose dependent manner during all the studied reproductive phases, in general, except that malathion increased the level of GH during the quiescence phase. Significant reduction in muscle and hepatic protein content also occurred in the malathion-treated fish. Malathion exposure induced lipolysis too in the liver and muscle. The results thus support that malathion treatment disrupts the endocrine functions and the olfactory sensation responsible for food intake and gustatory feeding behavior, which ultimately leads to retardation of fish growth.

  • variability in the characteristics of ultradian and circadian rhythms in plasma levels of growth hormone in the indian walking catfish Clarias batrachus
    Biological Rhythm Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: A K Singh, Bechan Lal, Atanu Kumar Pati
    Abstract:

    The plasma profile of growth hormone (GH) was monitored in the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus over a single 24-h transverse timescale in the middle of each month starting from March to August. This period included different physiological status of the fish and also varying environmental photoperiod and ambient temperature. Statistically significant ultradian rhythm in GH was detected in all the months of study. Of the two ultradian peaks, one was located invariably in the early photophase with the other one in the early scotophase. During the period of intense reproductive activity (June and July), circadian rhythm in GH was also recorded in addition to ultradian rhythm. The 24-h average (Mesor) and amplitude of ultradian rhythm of GH were high in March and April coinciding with the increase in photoperiod, temperature and feeding activity. Mesor increased further in May, reaching the maximum in June with a further rise in the water temperature and intense gonadal activity, but the amplitude declin...

  • nitric oxide an autocrine regulator of leydig cell steroidogenesis in the asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Neelima Dubey Nee Pathak, Bechan Lal
    Abstract:

    Nitric oxide has been recognized as an important inter- and intra-cellular modulator of testicular steroidogenesis in higher vertebrates with conflicting results. Moreover, its role in regulation of testicular steroidogenesis in ectothermic vertebrates is non-existent. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine whether Leydig cells of a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus produce nitric oxide (NO), if so, does it regulate its steroidogenic activity? The purified Leydig cells were stained histochemically for NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity, and immunocytochemically for neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS) like molecules. Leydig cells were also incubated with NOS inhibitor, N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), and NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). NO and testosterone released in incubation medium were analyzed. A distinct positive NAPDH-d staining was observed in Leydig cells. These cells also exhibited immunoprecipitation of variable intensity with nNOS and iNOS antibodies. Further, l-NAME treatment caused significant suppression in NO production and elevation in testosterone secretion by Leydig cells. On the contrary, exposure of Leydig cells to SNP resulted in increased NO production with concomitant decline in testosterone level. Thus, the present study reports NO production by Leydig cells in fish for the first time, which appears to inhibit its own androgen production.

P K Sahoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • non specific immune response of healthy and immunocompromised asian catfish Clarias batrachus to several immunostimulants
    Aquaculture, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, P K Sahoo
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study was performed to determine the efficacy and immunoreversal effects of four well-known dietary immunomodulators viz., lactoferrin, β-1,3 glucan, levamisole and vitamin C on the innate immune response of healthy and cyclophosphamide (CYP) induced immunocompromised Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus . Fish specimens were divided into 5 groups and each group was fed with diets supplemented with or without an appropriate dose of immunostimulant. Cyclophosphamide at a rate of 200 mg/kg body weight was injected intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days to induce an immunocompromised state in control fish. After 72 h post injection, fish of all the groups were bled and innate immune parameters, both humoral (haemagglutination titre and total serum myeloperoxidase content) and cellular (respiratory burst and phagocytic activities), were determined. The results showed that all the substances delivered as feed supplements significantly ( P

  • seasonal variation in the innate immune parameters of the asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    Aquaculture, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, A.k. Sahu, S. K. Sahoo, P K Sahoo, T Swain, B R Mohanty
    Abstract:

    To determine if the innate immunity of Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) raised in captivity are affected by the rearing temperature or seasons, various indices of the humoral and cellular innate immune functions were measured in fish reared at a wide range of water temperatures over a period of 2 years. Measures of humoral immunity included the estimation of serum myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, haemagglutinin and alternative complement activities. Cellular assay quantified the ability of blood phagocytes to mount superoxide production. Fish were sampled during different periods of two consecutive years, maintained at similar prevailing ranges of water temperature. Experiments were performed at mean temperatures of 19, 24, 28, 31, 32.5 °C during the same time of 2 years. The kinetics of the temperature or season mediated immunomodulation in the innate immune parameters was remarkably fluctuated among the individuals and at different periods or temperatures. Although a clear seasonal variation was marked in the innate immune parameters of this species, the fluctuations of all the parameters are not consistent to any of the temperatures except for lysozyme levels that remained significantly lower during summer compared to other seasons. The probable compensatory mechanism among the innate defence molecules might be playing role to protect from infections during different water temperatures or seasons.

  • dietary beta 1 3 glucan potentiates innate immunity and disease resistance of asian catfish Clarias batrachus l
    Journal of Fish Diseases, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, P K Sahoo
    Abstract:

    This study investigated the effects of short and prolonged administration of a yeast beta-glucan on non-specific immune parameters, growth rate and the disease resistance of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus. Fish fed with a basal diet (control) and test diet (basal diet supplemented with 0.1% glucan) for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were assayed for superoxide production, serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) content, natural haemagglutinin level, complement and lysozyme activities. Fish were weighed at weekly intervals and specific growth rate (SGR, % increase in body weight per day) was determined. After each week, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to measure the level of protection. Results showed that glucan administration at 0.1% in feed, significantly (P<0.05) enhanced MPO and lysozyme levels, superoxide production, haemagglutination titre and level of protection against A. hydrophila challenge, irrespective of length of exposure. The alternative complement activity and SGR were not affected by the dietary supplementation of yeast glucan. As glucan feeding at 0.1% for 1 week is able to enhance the non-specific immunity and disease resistance of catfish efficiently, short-term feeding might be used in farmed catfish diets to enhance disease resistance.

  • effects of cyclophosphamide on the immune system and disease resistance of asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, P K Sahoo
    Abstract:

    Cyclophosphamide (CYP), a multifunctional alkylating agent is known as a potent immunosuppressor in endotherms. Here, an experiment was conducted in an ectothermic Asian catfish species, Clarias batrachus to investigate its effect on non-specific and specific immunity as well as disease resistance against a common bacterial pathogen challenge. CYP was intraperitoneally injected for 3 consecutive days at a rate of 200 mgkg(-1) body weight. After 72 h post-injection, control and CYP-treated fish were screened for superoxide production through nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, packed cell volume (PCV) and total protein, lysozyme, alternative complement activity (ACH50) and natural haemagglutinin titre as a measure of non-specific immunity level as well as disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila challenge to vaccinated and unvaccinated fish. To study the effect on specific immunity, CYP was injected thrice at an interval of 7 days after bacterin injection and serum antibody titre was measured by bacterial agglutination titre assay. The results showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in NBT and MPO activities, and percent survival against A. hydrophila challenge (both in unvaccinated and vaccinated fish) in CYP-treated fish, when compared to control fish. The above results support the immunosuppressive action of CYP in freshwater catfish, C. batrachus. The neutrophil activities, as measured through superoxide production and myeloperoxidase levels, might be important contributors during A. hydrophila infection and that treatment with CYP reduces phagocytic killing power and inhibits resistance against aeromoniasis.

  • dietary bovine lactoferrin induces changes in immunity level and disease resistance in asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, T Swain, P K Sahoo
    Abstract:

    The effects of including bovine lactoferrin (Lf) in the diet of the Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) on specific and non-specific immunity as well as disease resistance were investigated. The catfish were fed four different diets for 2 weeks: a commercial diet as control and the same diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 200mg bovine Lf/kg feed. After 1 and 2 weeks, serum bacterial agglutination titre against Aeromonas hydrophila as a measure of specific immunity; natural serum haemolysin titre, lysozyme activity and oxidative radical production by neutrophils as a measure of non-specific immunity as well as disease resistance against A. hydrophila challenge to vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals were evaluated. The results showed that Lf supplements, particularly at 100mg level, significantly (P<0.05) enhanced serum lysozyme level, oxidative radical production and level of protection against A. hydrophila challenge in non-vaccinated animals irrespective of length of exposure. The specific immunity was not influenced by Lf feeding as evidenced from the bacterial agglutination titre and level of protection in vaccinated animals. As Lf feeding at 100mg/kg for 1 week is able to enhance the non-specific immunity and disease resistance of catfish efficiently, these results support the possible use of Lf as an immunostimulant for farmed catfish.

A.k. Sahu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • spawning performance and egg quality of asian catfish Clarias batrachus linn at various doses of human chorionic gonadotropin hcg injection and latency periods during spawning induction
    Aquaculture, 2007
    Co-Authors: S. K. Sahoo, S S Giri, S Chandra, A.k. Sahu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Attempts were made to spawn Clarias batrachus by injecting human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) at different doses (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 IU/kg body weight) in combination with latency periods (11,14, 17, 20 and 23 h). The females could not be stripped at 11 h latency when injected with 1000–3000 IU of HCG per kg body weight. A significant (P

  • seasonal variation in the innate immune parameters of the asian catfish Clarias batrachus
    Aquaculture, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jaya Kumari, A.k. Sahu, S. K. Sahoo, P K Sahoo, T Swain, B R Mohanty
    Abstract:

    To determine if the innate immunity of Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) raised in captivity are affected by the rearing temperature or seasons, various indices of the humoral and cellular innate immune functions were measured in fish reared at a wide range of water temperatures over a period of 2 years. Measures of humoral immunity included the estimation of serum myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, haemagglutinin and alternative complement activities. Cellular assay quantified the ability of blood phagocytes to mount superoxide production. Fish were sampled during different periods of two consecutive years, maintained at similar prevailing ranges of water temperature. Experiments were performed at mean temperatures of 19, 24, 28, 31, 32.5 °C during the same time of 2 years. The kinetics of the temperature or season mediated immunomodulation in the innate immune parameters was remarkably fluctuated among the individuals and at different periods or temperatures. Although a clear seasonal variation was marked in the innate immune parameters of this species, the fluctuations of all the parameters are not consistent to any of the temperatures except for lysozyme levels that remained significantly lower during summer compared to other seasons. The probable compensatory mechanism among the innate defence molecules might be playing role to protect from infections during different water temperatures or seasons.

  • effect of stocking density on growth and survival of Clarias batrachus linn larvae and fry during hatchery rearing
    Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2004
    Co-Authors: S. K. Sahoo, S S Giri, A.k. Sahu
    Abstract:

    Summary Experiments were conducted to determine optimum stocking density for Clarias batrachus larvae and fry during hatchery rearing. The increase in stocking density decreased the total weight, specific growth rate (SGR) and percent weight gain of Clarias larvae during a 13-day experiment. Survival rate was highest at a stocking density of 1000 m−2 and lowest at 5000 m−2. Stocking density did not influence the total biomass production of larvae. Clarias batrachus fry performance was studied during a 28-day hatchery rearing experiment whereby fry stocked at a density of 100 m−2 attained the highest total body weight (P < 0.05). The survival rate greatly declined to 59–61% by a density increase to 300 m−2 and above. Stocking density influenced growth and survival of C. batrachus larvae and fry during hatchery rearing. The best performance was obtained when larvae were stocked at 2000 m−2; survival was highest with C. batrachus fry stocked at 200 m−2.

  • effect of dietary protein level on growth survival feed utilisation and body composition of hybrid Clarias catfish Clarias batrachus Clarias gariepinus
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2003
    Co-Authors: S S Giri, A.k. Sahu, S. K. Sahoo, P K Meher
    Abstract:

    Abstract A feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of iso-energetic diets containing 250 (D 1 ), 300 (D 2 ), 350 (D 3 ) and 400 g (D 4 ) crude protein (CP) kg −1 dry matter (DM), in hybrid post-larvae of Clarias batrachus ♀ × Clarias gariepinus ♂. Triplicate groups of post-larvae with mean initial body weight 67±6 mg were reared in cement tanks ( 4 m ×1  m), in outdoor rearing system and fed diets at 10% of body weight for 30 days. Performance was judged on the basis of growth (specific growth rate, SGR), percent survival, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER), which were influenced both linearly and quadratically. An increase in body weight gain, SGR, PER and decreased FCR was observed with increasing dietary protein. The percent survival was increased linearly ( P P Clarias catfish were studied. The α-amylase activity decreased linearly ( P The fish accumulated increasing (linear component, P Clarias catfish post-larvae require 365 g dietary crude protein kg −1 diet.

  • nutrient digestibility and intestinal enzyme activity of Clarias batrachus linn juveniles fed on dried fish and chicken viscera incorporated diets
    Bioresource Technology, 2000
    Co-Authors: S S Giri, A.k. Sahu, S. K. Sahoo, P.k. Mukhopadhyay
    Abstract:

    A feeding trial was conducted for 56 days to study the effect of replacement of fish meal by dried fish and chicken viscera, and a combination of oil cakes, in the diet of Clarias batrachus juveniles. The nutritional values of these by-products were studied through a digestibility experiment. No significant difference in nutrient digestibility was observed in different diets. Even 19.59% lipid in the diet of catfish did not affect the nutrient digestibility. Both amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes in the intestine of juveniles were studied. A decreased protease activity due to replacement of animal protein by plant protein and a decreased (P < 0.01) aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activity could be observed after inclusion of 22% of dried fish viscera in the diet of the catfish. Though body lipid content increased in fish fed a high level of lipid, fat-free body composition did not vary among the fish fed on different diets.