The Experts below are selected from a list of 1863 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mikael Larsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • injection of solid biomass products into the blast furnace and its potential effects on an Integrated Steel Plant
    Energy Procedia, 2014
    Co-Authors: Chuan Wang, Leif Nilsson, Mikael Larsson, Jonas Lovgren, Pelle Mellin, Weihong Yang, Hassan Salman, Anders Hultgren
    Abstract:

    This study is to investigate different types of biomass products’ injection into the blast furnace (BF) to replace pulverized coal injection (PCI). The biomass products covered in the study are cha ...

  • system analysis of slag utilisation from vanadium recovery in an Integrated Steel Plant
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2013
    Co-Authors: Katarina Lundkvist, Mikael Larsson, Mats Bramming, Caisa Samuelsson
    Abstract:

    Abstract Vanadium in raw materials used in iron- and Steelmaking, a particular challenge for Nordic Steel producers, affects the composition of the generated slag from the Steelmaking vessel, i.e. the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) adversely and reduces the potential for recycling and external utilisation. A process concept under development aims to enrich and extract the vanadium content of slag from the BOF, making use of the vanadium in the slag and also increasing the overall slag use potential. Applications of this concept affect slag compositions and internal material flows in the iron and Steel production system, especially when recycling BOF slags as flux in the blast furnace (BF). This paper will present a case study, based on a Process Integration (PI) approach, using a designated system model to simulate the Steel production system and the implementation of the process concept, thereby analysing how to obtain maximum usage of metallurgical slags without compromising the quality of the main product, i.e. liquid Steel. Different approaches were studied to improve the environmental sustainability in the production system by maximising the material efficiency through vanadium recovery (as FeV alloy) and the use of slags, thereby minimising the stored/deposited slag amounts.

  • analysing the costs energy use and environmental performance of an Integrated Steel Plant by applying a multi objective approach
    2013
    Co-Authors: Peter Sandberg, Mikael Larsson
    Abstract:

    Increased global competition and growing environmental concerns around the world are two major trends affecting companies today. Tougher competition has led companies to focus primarily on their core business activities, which may lead to a shortage of resources for support activities, such as energy management. This development takes place while environmental concerns step up requirements regarding companies' environmental performance, with global warming at the forefront. Together these issues have increased the management complexity and thus the need for relevant decision support. The purpose of this thesis is to study ways to reach a more comprehensive view of industrial energy systems than is the case today, and thereby achieve more efficient systems.One theme in this thesis is to investigate analysis approaches, mainly based on optimisation, that can help to produce a comprehensive view of industrial energy systems. The subject of the studies was an Integrated Steel Plant in Sweden which has a connected CHP Plant that uses the excess process gases from the Steel Plant as fuel. The studies included analyses of the operation planning during both internal process variations and changed external conditions. They also included analyses of relations between objectives such as cost, energy use, and environmental performance by applying a multi-objective approach. The analyses proved to provide a comprehensive view of how the system reacts to various changes, which factors are the essential ones for different objectives, and what trade-offs can be made between the objectives.In addition to this, two studies were conducted of energy-related co-operations between companies. The first looked at co-operation where energy service companies bring competence and other resources related to energy efficiency to the pulp and paper industry. The main aspects of concern were: the managers' views on the opportunities and risks with energy-related co-operation; and its implications for industrial energy management. The second study investigated co-operation between process industries and municipal energy companies with regard to indus trial waste heat deliveries and jointly owned combined heat and power Plants. The study emphasised incentives for and barriers to this kind of co-operation. In both studies it was found that trust between the parties is important, that the form of the contract is also important especially to bring the focus to bear on common benefits rather than just one's own, and to reduce the risks involved in co-operation.Based on the performed studies possible implications of decision support based on optimisation and co-operation between companies are discussed.

  • analysis of metallurgical processes and slag utilisation in an Integrated Steel Plant producing advanced high strength Steels
    International Conference on Process Development in Iron and Steelmaking : 10 06 2012 - 13 06 2012, 2012
    Co-Authors: Katarina Lundkvist, Mikael Larsson, Mats Bramming, Caisa Samuelsson
    Abstract:

    Some elements in the raw materials used in iron- and Steelmaking make it difficult to maintain or further improve the Steel quality, but also adversely affect the composition of generated slags and ...

  • development of a method for analysing energy environmental and economic efficiency for an Integrated Steel Plant
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Chuan Wang, Jan Dahl
    Abstract:

    The Steel industry has faced several challenges during the years. There has always been an aspiration towards higher economic profitability for the system. During the mid 1970s and 1980s the energy crises caused a dramatic rise in energy costs, which led to an increased awareness in energy conservation. In recent years, climate change issues have become more important for the industry. The operating practises for an industrial system are often affected by external restrictions concerning the economical, energy and environmental efficiency of the system. There are a large number of ways to increase the system efficiency, e.g. installation of new process equipment, and practice changes. However, industrial systems such as an Integrated Steel Plant consist of a system of several processes connected together with product and by-product interactions, where changes in one unit may result in changes throughout the total system. A process integration method focusing on the total Integrated Steel Plant system by a simultaneous approach is adopted. An optimisation model is developed and used to study the effect of changes in the existing material and energy system. Applications of the model on the energy and material system have been made. The model can be used to analyse energy, environmental and economic aspects making it a powerful complement as a decision making tool. Conclusions about energy, environmental and economic effects are presented.

Henrik Saxen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • optimal operation strategy and gas utilization in a future Integrated Steel Plant
    Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2015
    Co-Authors: Hamid Ghanbari, Frank Pettersson, Henrik Saxen
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work future perspectives of primary Steelmaking are numerically studied with the aim to find ways to increase the sustainability of this industrial sector. The key options studied are emerging blast furnace operation technologies combined with carbon capturing and utilization units and integration with a polygeneration system producing district heat, electricity and methanol. A mathematical model is developed using the suggested superstructure to optimize the use of residual gases minimizing the internal energy demand under specified operating costs, simultaneously considering investment costs for new process units. The results of the study, which illustrate both the optimal operation of the blast furnace and the required unit processes for utilization of the residual gasses in the Plant, provide guidelines on how this industrial sector can be developed in the future to considerably reduce harmful emissions and to make maximum use of raw materials. A large number of scenarios were studied and the net present value, Steelmaking costs, specific emissions and methanol production in the optimal states were analyzed. The results reveal the optimal technology for gas treatment under periodic optimization considering a varying seasonal external energy demand. It demonstrates that the net present value of the system for a time horizon can be increased and that the CO 2 emissions from the system can be reduced by up to 30% by an optimal design and flexible operation of the system.

  • optimization of an Integrated Steel Plant with carbon capturing and utilization processes
    IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Hamid Ghanbari, Mikko Helle, Henrik Saxen
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work, future perspectives of primary Steelmaking Integrated with carbon capturing and utilization processes are numerically studied with the aim to investigate fuel consumption and distribution in this industrial sector under different seasonal energy demand. The key options studied are an emerging blast furnace operation technology (oxygen blast furnace) combined with a polygeneration system producing district heat, electricity and methanol. A mathematical model is developed to find the optimal use of raw material and residual gases under specified operating costs, simultaneously considering the investment costs for the new process units in comparison of conventional Steelmaking process. The results of the study provide guidelines on the distribution of the fuel in future Integrated Steel Plant to increase sustainability and to make maximum use of available raw materials. The results reveal the optimal state of operation under periodic conditions, maximizing the net present value, minimizing specific carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption in the system.

  • optimal resource allocation in Integrated Steelmaking with biomass as auxiliary reductant in the blast furnace
    Isij International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Carlmikael Wiklund, Frank Pettersson, Henrik Saxen
    Abstract:

    An Integrated Steel Plant with two blast furnaces with the option to use biomass to partially substitute fossil reductants was simulated. A thermodynamic blast furnace model was used, combined with simpler models of the other unit processes (sintermaking, cokemaking, basic oxygen furnace, hot stoves and power Plant) and a nonlinear model of the biomass conversion with respect to the processing temperature. Given an aim Steel production rate for the Plant, the economics of the Plant was optimized by minimizing the specific costs of liquid Steel, considering costs of raw materials, energy and CO2 emissions. Limited supply of sinter and coke was optimally allocated to the two blast furnaces and the effects of restrictions in the biomass, oxygen and oil supply on the operating states were studied. An analysis was also undertaken to study how the production rate of the Plant would affect the optimal state. The results demonstrate that a non-uniform distribution of the resources can be economically justified, in particular for cases where the blast furnaces operate under different constraints.

  • nonlinear optimization of Steel production using traditional and novel blast furnace operation strategies
    Chemical Engineering Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Hannu Helle, Mikko Helle, Henrik Saxen
    Abstract:

    The high energy requirements in primary Steelmaking make this industrial sector a major contributor to the global emissions of carbon dioxide. Ways to suppress the use of fossil reductants and the emissions from the processes should therefore be developed. The present work applies simulation and optimization for studying the economic feasibility of recycling blast furnace top gas to the combustion zones after CO2 stripping. The study comprises the unit processes in an Integrated Steel Plant, paying special attention to the blast furnace and the preheating of the blast or the recycled top gas. The system is optimized with nonlinear programming with respect to some central variables under different CO2 sequestration and emission costs, which yields information about the economic feasibility of the concept. It is demonstrated that the optimal states of the Plant show complex transitions, where the costs play a decisive role. It is also shown that hot gas recycling with CO2 capture and storage would dramatically reduce the harmful emissions from the process. The conditions under which top gas recycling is economically feasible are also reported, as well as the effect of omitting oil injection in a blast furnace with top gas recycling.

  • multiobjective optimization of top gas recycling conditions in the blast furnace by genetic algorithms
    Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2011
    Co-Authors: Tamoghna Mitra, Mikko Helle, Frank Pettersson, Henrik Saxen, Nirupam Chakraborti
    Abstract:

    Limited natural resources and a growing concern about the potential effect of carbon dioxide emissions on the world's climate have triggered a search of ways to suppressing the emissions of CO2 in primary Steelmaking. A possible future solution is to strip CO2 from the blast furnace top gas, feeding back the gas to the tuyere level. The work reported in this article explores states of an Integrated Steel Plant that arise if both production costs and emissions are simultaneously minimized. This multiobjective problem is tackled by genetic algorithms using a predator–prey strategy for constructing the Pareto-frontier of nondominating solutions. Four alternative ways of treating the top gas recycling problem are explored, and the resulting solutions are analyzed with respect to the two objectives and to the internal states of the Plant they correspond to. Conclusions are drawn concerning the solutions in terms of technical feasibility and complexity.

Chuan Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jan Dahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development of a method for analysing energy environmental and economic efficiency for an Integrated Steel Plant
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Chuan Wang, Jan Dahl
    Abstract:

    The Steel industry has faced several challenges during the years. There has always been an aspiration towards higher economic profitability for the system. During the mid 1970s and 1980s the energy crises caused a dramatic rise in energy costs, which led to an increased awareness in energy conservation. In recent years, climate change issues have become more important for the industry. The operating practises for an industrial system are often affected by external restrictions concerning the economical, energy and environmental efficiency of the system. There are a large number of ways to increase the system efficiency, e.g. installation of new process equipment, and practice changes. However, industrial systems such as an Integrated Steel Plant consist of a system of several processes connected together with product and by-product interactions, where changes in one unit may result in changes throughout the total system. A process integration method focusing on the total Integrated Steel Plant system by a simultaneous approach is adopted. An optimisation model is developed and used to study the effect of changes in the existing material and energy system. Applications of the model on the energy and material system have been made. The model can be used to analyse energy, environmental and economic aspects making it a powerful complement as a decision making tool. Conclusions about energy, environmental and economic effects are presented.

  • improved energy and material efficiency using new tools for global optimisation of residue material flows
    International Journal of Green Energy, 2006
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Jan Dahl, Chuan Wang, Anita Wedholm, Caisa Samuelsson, Marcel Magnusson, Ho Lampinen, Carl-erik Grip
    Abstract:

    Residue materials generated in the metallurgical industry have gained an increasing importance, both from the points of view of energy and material supply. A joint process integration model for the Integrated Steel Plant system is developed and used in this paper. It takes into account both residue materials and energy recirculation for the system. The potential for increased recirculation and the effect on the system from an environmental point of view is presented, and implementations and practical experiences are discussed. The model developed can serve as a benchmark for different Steelmaking operations and constitute a basis for the continuous work involved in material, energy, environment or economic analyses for the Steel production system.

  • system gains from widening the system boundaries analysis of the material and energy balance during renovation of a coke oven battery
    International Journal of Energy Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Jan Dahl, Peter Sandberg, Mats Soderstrom, Henrik Vourinen
    Abstract:

    The coke oven Plant has a central role in the iron and Steel making process in an Integrated Steel Plant. The subject of this research is to study how the production and energy system at the Steel ...

  • development of an Integrated method for analysing energy environmental and economic efficiency for an Integrated Steel Plant
    International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering : 22 08 2004 - 26 08 2004, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Chuan Wang, Jan Dahl
    Abstract:

    Development of an Integrated method for analysing energy, environmental and economic efficiency for an Integrated Steel Plant

  • reduction of the specific energy use in an Integrated Steel Plant the effect of an optimisation model
    Isij International, 2003
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Jan Dahl
    Abstract:

    Analysing the potential for improving the specific energy use in a Steel mill can be difficult due to the interactions between the different subsystems. Changes in one unit can lead to several changes throughout the system. A process integration model taking into account the different interactions within the system is presented. The model is based on an optimising routine, making it a total analysis method for the Steel Plant system including the surroundings. The model is used to analyse the different possibilities for energy savings and practice changes within the system. The effect of optimising the total system versus separate optimisation of the different sub-processes is illustrated. The method development can serve as a benchmark for different Steelmaking operations and constitute a basis for the continuous work involved in energy, material or economic analyses for the Steel production system.

Carl-erik Grip - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Application of Pinch Analysis in an Integrated Steel Plant in Northern Sweden
    ISIJ International, 2013
    Co-Authors: Carl-erik Grip, Johan Isaksson, Simon Harvey, Leif Nilsson
    Abstract:

    The energy system in a modern Integrated Steel Plant is a complicated network of units exchanging energy and matter with each other. System studies using process integration tools are important to avoid sub-optimization. At the Steel Plant in Lulea such studies have been carried out using a MILP-based mathematical programming tool (reMIND), mainly because of its inherent flexibility for handling combined flows and reactions of both matter and chemical, thermal and mechanical energy. There are, however, areas where the energy system is dominated by creation, transport and exchange of thermal energy, and where pinch analysis can be expected to be a valuable tool. For this reason a pinch targeting study was carried out for the Plant site of the Integrated Steel Plant in Lulea. The coke Plant and the iron making/ Steelmaking Plant were both studied with three ambition levels of possible improvements. The study confirmed that pinch analysis is a powerful tool for targeting energy savings in areas where thermal energy flows dominate the local energy system, e.g., the gas cleaning area at the coke Plant. The study also indicated that a connection between the energy systems in the coke Plant and the iron making/Steelmaking would be valuable. This is not 100% feasible because of distance, but, a common steam net could add a degree of flexibility.

  • exergy as a means for process integration in an Integrated Steel Plant
    International Conference on Energy Efficiency and CO2 Reduction in the Steel Industry : 27 06 2011 - 01 07 2011, 2011
    Co-Authors: Erik Elfgren, Carl-erik Grip, Chuan Wang, Jonny Karlsson
    Abstract:

    The Lulea energy system consists of SSAB (an Integrated Steel Plant) – LuleKraft (the heat and power Plant) – Lulea Energi (the district heating network). The exergy flows in the whole system have been studied and some possibilities on how to reduce the exergy losses are discussed. The exergy thermal efficiency of SSAB, LuleKraft and Lulea Energi are 70 %, 40 % and 30 % respectively. The relatively low exergy thermal efficiencies is a natural consequence of converting high-value chemical energy into heating water. In the Integrated Steel Plant, the exergy losses are caused by the cooling of the Steel prior to transport. In the heat and power Plant, exergy is destroyed mainly in the furnace. In the district heating, exergy is destroyed mainly by the customer. A preliminary conclusion is that a lot of exergy is destroyed and lost in order to produce hot water, which doesn’t really need so much exergy. By lowering the water temperature of the district heating, a larger portion of the exergy can be converted to high-value electricity. Mapping by combined Exergy/energy analysis is important to find ways to improve energy efficiency. It can also be important to initiate regional energy collaboration.

  • improved energy and material efficiency using new tools for global optimisation of residue material flows
    International Journal of Green Energy, 2006
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Jan Dahl, Chuan Wang, Anita Wedholm, Caisa Samuelsson, Marcel Magnusson, Ho Lampinen, Carl-erik Grip
    Abstract:

    Residue materials generated in the metallurgical industry have gained an increasing importance, both from the points of view of energy and material supply. A joint process integration model for the Integrated Steel Plant system is developed and used in this paper. It takes into account both residue materials and energy recirculation for the system. The potential for increased recirculation and the effect on the system from an environmental point of view is presented, and implementations and practical experiences are discussed. The model developed can serve as a benchmark for different Steelmaking operations and constitute a basis for the continuous work involved in material, energy, environment or economic analyses for the Steel production system.

  • comprehensive study regarding greenhouse gas emission from iron ore based production at the Integrated Steel Plant ssab tunnplat ab
    International Journal of Green Energy, 2006
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Carl-erik Grip, H Ohlsson, Staffan Rutqvist, Janolov Wikstrom, Sten Angstrom
    Abstract:

    During the years 2001–2002, a comprehensive study regarding CO2 emissions related to the Steel production for the Integrated Steel making production route, was carried out. The study was financed by SSAB and carried out by a research group with members from SSAB, MEFOS and LTU. The aim was to study the emissions from the existing system and how these could be influenced by process changes and by process modifications. The calculations were made using a global spreadsheet model for calculating the CO2 emissions, developed from an existing Energy and Process Integration model of the same system. The calculated cases included the existing BF/BOF route as well as integration of other processes, e.g., an electric arc furnace, DR processes, COREX and a new future smelting reduction process concept (Sidcomet). All new existing alternative ore based process technologies would increase the specific CO2 emission from the system. A technology transfer to scrap based metallurgy would significantly decrease the emissi...

  • comprehensive study regarding greenhouse gas emissions from iron ore based production at the Integrated Steel Plant ssab tunnplat ab
    International Conference on Process Development in Iron and Steelmaking : 06 06 2004 - 09 06 2004, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mikael Larsson, Carl-erik Grip, H Ohlsson, Staffan Rutqvist, Janolov Wikstrom, Sten Angstrom
    Abstract:

    Comprehensive study regarding greenhouse gas emissions from iron ore based production at the Integrated Steel Plant SSAB Tunnplat AB