Roman History

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Lucy Grig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2018
    Co-Authors: Lucy Grig
    Abstract:

    This crop of books is Republic-heavy, with a strong showing for political History. No fewer than three demonstrate a notable trend in current Roman History writing: the focus on a particular term as a means to examine a key ideological concept. John Richardson's 2009 study of the words imperium and provincia was clearly a landmark (and is explicitly cited as a model by one of this year's crop). In 2013 Myles Lavan examined Roman conceptions of imperialism through looking at a slightly broader range of terms, focusing on the formation of different paradigms of power. Two years later Clifford Ando explored the same subject with a more distinctively cognitive and linguistic approach. In the crop of books for review here, we have one focusing on the word foedus (most broadly: ‘alliance’), one on pax (‘peace’), and one on the term res publica. Roman History, it seems, is finally fully and perhaps belatedly embracing the ‘linguistic turn’.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lucy Grig
    Abstract:

    Let's begin at the beginning, with a book by Jeremy Armstrong that takes us back to the Early Republic, from the sixth to fourth centuries bce, examining the social and political transformations of that period and looking at the very foundation of the Roman state. The challenges of working on this early period are well known. Indeed, Armstrong early on says that he will eschew an overly optimistic, positivistic approach to the later literary account and make use of the substantial archaeological evidence. This archaeological evidence is crucial in drawing up a picture of the social and economic context of early Latium. However, the problematic literary accounts still often appear as rather too unproblematic framing narratives for what follows. Armstrong's account is chronological, taking us, as the title suggests, from the early ‘warlords’ to the military society of the Republic in the wake of the Latin Settlement in 338 bce. What we have here is a properly ambitious attempt to explain this crucial transition – but many problems and questions undoubtedly remain in the study of the early days of the Republic.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2016
    Co-Authors: Lucy Grig
    Abstract:

    Ancient History often seems to lag behind other areas of History when it comes to adopting new methodological and theoretical approaches. This crop of books, however, does offer contributions in two notable and significant areas of current scholarship: first in the area of memory studies, and second representing what we might call the ‘cognitive turn’. In addition there is a robust defence of a structuralist-informed approach to Greco-Roman religion, as well, of course, as books representing the more traditional areas of ancient History such as epigraphy and biography.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2016
    Co-Authors: Lucy Grig
    Abstract:

    This crop of books features, inter alia, a real blockbuster, the Roman Guy Fawkes, a host of bishops, and the welcome appearance of some Roman women. The under-representation of women as writers of Roman History has been something I noted in previous reviews; the under-representation of women in Roman History is scarcely news, meanwhile. However, this review includes no fewer than three biographies of Roman women, only one of whom was an empress (who could be considered the ‘usual suspects’).

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2015
    Co-Authors: Lucy Grig
    Abstract:

    Let's start at the very beginning: that is, at the beginning of the History of Rome. This latest volume of the Oxford Readings in Classical Studies makes a clear case for the virtue of reprinting old articles even in an age of supposedly wide digital availability. An obvious virtue here is the fact this collection includes no fewer than seven articles that have been translated into English for the first time. In making this collection, the editors hope to show the continuing lively debate on the nature of the ancient historiographical tradition. Rather than taking a particular editorial line, the collection includes scholars with differing views as to the reliability of this tradition when it comes to early Roman History. That being said, it is not surprising that scholarship that aims wholeheartedly to uphold the historicity of the traditional accounts is definitely outnumbered by studies demonstrating instead the construction of historiographical tradition(s). Nonetheless, Andrea Carandini begins the collection by arguing once more for the congruence of the archaeological evidence and the literary tradition. The articles that follow vary somewhat in approach and in degrees of scepticism – for instance, Fausto Zevi admits a historical core to stories about Demoratus and the Tarquins, whereas Michael Crawford is forthright in his rejection of historicity in the earliest list of Roman colonies. The editors have taken the helpful decision to focus rather more on ‘stories’ than individual authors and this certainly helps shape a thought-provoking collection that can be read with profit rather than just put on the shelf for future reference. In particular, the editors’ suggestion that this volume could profitably be given to students in place of a single ‘authoritative’ version of the History of early Rome, so that they can see that there are indeed different ways of ‘doing’ ancient History, is persuasive. Finally, any selection of papers is, of course, subjective but an article focusing rather more particularly on non-literary historical traditions might have rounded out the picture more fully.

Jennifer Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Matthew Carter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

M.t. Kretschmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Index Of Names And Places For The Edition Of B (Chapter 4.4)
    Rewriting Roman History in the Middle Ages, 2007
    Co-Authors: M.t. Kretschmer
    Abstract:

    This index section presents a list of names and places that occur in this book Rewriting Roman History in the Middle Ages. The Historia Romana was the most popular work on Roman History in the Middle Ages. A highly interesting aspect of its transmission and reception are its many redactions which bear witness to the continuous development of the text in line with changing historical contexts. The book presents the very first classification of such rewritings, and produces new insights into historiographical discourse in the Middle Ages.Keywords: Middle Ages; Roman History

  • Appendix: Variant Readings From S And U
    Rewriting Roman History in the Middle Ages, 2007
    Co-Authors: M.t. Kretschmer
    Abstract:

    This appendix contains variant readings from S and U. The Historia Romana was the most popular work on Roman History in the Middle Ages. A highly interesting aspect of its transmission and reception are its many redactions which bear witness to the continuous development of the text in line with changing historical contexts.Keywords: Historia Romana; Roman History

  • Chapter Six. Analysis Of The Paraphrased Version Of The Historia Romana (= Hr) Contained In B
    Rewriting Roman History in the Middle Ages, 2007
    Co-Authors: M.t. Kretschmer
    Abstract:

    This chapter discusses possible tendencies in the paraphrased version of the Historia Romana (HR) contained in Bamberg (B). Since all the manuscripts related to B, regardless of their stylistic variance, share the same structure of content, this discussion is valid for the entire group of P-4. A central idea in medieval historiography is that of translatio imperii, the theory of succeeding reigns, often within a Christian eschatological framework. The theory of reigns commonly refers to the four world monarchies according to the expositions in Jerome or Orosius. The integration of Roman History into the apologetic world chronicle in the West began with Jerome's translation and expansion of Eusebius of Caesarea's chronicle. Jerome's integration of Roman History in a Christian world chronicle had enormous impact on medieval historiography.Keywords: Bamberg (B); Historia Romana (HR); Jerome; paraphrased version; reigns; Roman History

  • Chapter Two. Classification And Preliminary Survey Of Manuscripts Containing Abbreviations And/Or Paraphrases Of The Historia Romana (Hr)
    Rewriting Roman History in the Middle Ages, 2007
    Co-Authors: M.t. Kretschmer
    Abstract:

    A classification of the entire corpus of manuscripts containing abbreviations and/or paraphrases of the Historia Romana (HR) provides the study on B with a necessary background and it also creates the basis for future research on the other abbreviated and paraphrased versions. This chapter offers the first classification of extant manuscripts containing paraphrases and/or abbreviations of the HR. The various groups of manuscripts show a remarkable range of different approaches to and interests in Roman History: glorification (E-1), stylistic adaptation (P-1), brief synopses, epitomes or catalogues (P-2 and P-3), contamination (P-5), forgery (L-1), monastic reading (L-2), interest in the Punic Wars (L-3), suppression of warfare combined with interest in the barbarian invasions (L-4) as well as the use of Roman History as part of historical compilations (E-131 and E-2/P-6).Keywords: Historia Romana (HR); manuscripts; Roman History

James Corke-webster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2020
    Co-Authors: James Corke-webster
    Abstract:

    Some questions never go out of fashion. My main focus in this issue is the spread of Roman power across the Mediterranean, with multiple new publications appearing on this oldest of subjects. First up is Dexter Hoyos’ Rome Victorious. This work of popular History aims to cover what Hoyos dubs in his subtitle The Irresistible Rise of the Roman Empire, though that is rather an odd choice, since Hoyos stresses that Rome's imperial efforts did not always succeed. Hoyos walks us through the unification of Italy and the acquisition of the Republican provinces in the first two chapters, taking the narrative up to the death of Caesar in 44 bc. The next two chapters consider the consequences of those conquests: what a province actually meant, how it was controlled, and the effects both on the new territories’ inhabitants and on Rome's social and political make-up. In Chapter 5, Hoyos turns to the extensive imperial efforts of Augustus and those around him; those of his successors over the next two centuries are dealt with in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 surveys the shifting make-up of the Romans as a result of their conquests, focusing on the spread of citizenship and the changing origins of senators, generals, and artists. Chapter 8 looks at legitimate and illegitimate rule in Rome's provinces, Chapter 9 considers both Rome's self-reflexivity on imperial questions and the view from those regions themselves, and Chapter 10 bolsters the latter by treating concrete resistance to Rome. Chapter 11 looks at the degree to which the provinces became Roman.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2019
    Co-Authors: James Corke-webster
    Abstract:

    As I write this, my wife and I are awaiting the imminent arrival of our first child. A natural tendency to find reassurance in research has led me to read a series of modern takes on fatherhood, which have proved of varying value. Imagine my delight, then, when Infancy and Earliest Childhood in the Roman World arrived on my desk. What better source of information? Unsurprisingly, What to Expect When You're Expecting this is not, though I have noted Soranus’ sage advice not to indulge pregnant women's cravings for charcoal or earth (Gyn. 1.15.48; 50). What Maureen Carroll's major new work does offer is the first systematic study of the youngest Romans, those in their first year of life, a topic which – despite the raft of work on the Roman family and life course over the last few decades – still stands in need of a synthesis. As well as evidence-gathering, Carroll's work has a central thesis; that ‘the evidence from archaeology, funerary epigraphy, and material culture marshalled in this study dispels the long-held notion that the very youngest infants were insignificant beings without a social persona whose lives were treated with indifference’ (7). Instead, what Carroll paints is a picture of the first year of life marked by both regular milestones – ‘from the naming day at eight or nine days, the official registration of birth by the thirtieth day, the release from swaddling bands at forty to sixty days, and the beginning of teething at six months, to the achievement of the child's first birthday’ (12) – and ongoing and substantial parental investment.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2019
    Co-Authors: James Corke-webster
    Abstract:

    The first time I visited Pompeii, I was walking along one of its iconic paved streets when another visitor in front of me stumbled over a rough patch of pavement. Looking down resentfully, she turned to her friend and said in an irritated tone, ‘Look at this! They really need to do something about these roads…’. If that sore-toed tourist had found Eric Poehler's new book, The Traffic Systems of Pompeii, in the Pompeian gift shop, she would have been much illuminated. This long-gestated project represents an exciting new type of scholarship on the ancient world, using evidence gleaned from the scratched and rutted roads of Pompeii and other urban sites across the empire to expose both how ancient traffic worked and the constantly evolving negotiations between residents and government over its control.

  • Roman History
    Greece and Rome, 2018
    Co-Authors: James Corke-webster
    Abstract:

    Identity studies live. This latest batch of publications explores what made not just the Romans but the Italians, Christians, and Etruscans who they were. We begin with both age and beauty, the fruits of a special exhibition at the Badischen Landesmuseum Karlsruhe in the first half of 2018 into the most famous of Roman predecessors, the Etruscans. Most of the exhibits on display come from Italian museums, but the interpretative essays that break up the catalogue – which are also richly illustrated – are by both Italian and German scholars. These are split between five overarching sections covering introductory affairs, the ages of the princes and of the city-states, the Etruscans’ relationship with Rome, and modern reception. The first contains essays treating Etruscan origins, History, identity, and settlement area. The second begins with the early Iron Age Villanova site, before turning to early Etruscan aristocratic culture, including banqueting, burials, language, writing, and seafaring. The third and longest section considers the heyday of Etruscan civilization and covers engineering and infrastructure, crafts and production, munitions, women's roles, daily life, dance, sport, funerary culture, wall painting, religious culture, and art. The fourth section treats both the confrontation between Etruscan and Roman culture and the persistence of the former after ‘conquest’ by the latter. The fifth section contains one essay on the modern inheritance of the Etruscan ‘myth’ and one on the History of scholarship on the Etruscans. Three aspects to this volume deserve particular praise. First, it includes not only a huge range of material artefacts but also individual essays on Etruscan production in gold, ceramic, ivory, terracotta, and bronze. Second, there is a recurring interest in the interconnections between the Etruscans and other cultures, not just Romans but Greeks, Iberians, Celts, Carthaginians, and other Italian peoples. Third, it includes the History of the reception of Etruscan culture. Amid the just-shy-of-200 objects included (almost every one with description and high-quality colour image), the reader can find everything from a mid-seventh-century pitcher made from an Egyptian ostrich egg painted with birds, flowers, and dancers (147), through the well-known third- or second-century bcTabula Cortonensis – a lengthy and only partially deciphered Etruscan inscription that documents either a legal transaction or a funerary ceremony (311) – to the 2017 kit of the Etruschi Livorno American Football team (364). Since we have no extant Etruscan literature, a volume such as this is all the more valuable in trying to get a sense of these people and their culture, and the exceptionally high production value provides quality exposure to material otherwise scattered throughout Italy.

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