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Philippe Fossati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of self-distancing on emotion explosiveness and accumulation: An fMRI study
PLoS ONE, 2018Co-Authors: Maxime Resibois, Peter Kuppens, Philippe Fossati, Jean-yves Rotge, Pauline Delaveau, Iven Van Mechelen, Philippe VerduynAbstract:Emotions unfold over time with episodes differing in explosiveness (i.e., profiles having a steep vs. a gentle start) and accumulation (i.e., profiles increasing over time vs. going back to baseline). In the present fMRI study, we wanted to replicate and extend previous findings on the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying emotion explosiveness and accumulation. Specifically, we aimed to: (a) replicate the finding that different neural mechanisms are associated with emotion explosiveness and accumulation, (b) replicate the finding that adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective decreases emotion explosive-ness and accumulation at the level of self-report, and (c) examine whether adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective similarly modulates activity in the brain regions associated with emotion explosiveness and accumulation. Participants in an fMRI scanner were asked to adopt a self-immersed or self-distanced perspective while reading and thinking about negative social feedback, and to report on felt changes in negative affect during that period using an emotion intensity profile tracking approach. We replicated previous findings showing that emotion explosiveness and accumulation were related to activity in regions involved in Self-Referential Processing (such as the medial prefrontal cortex) and sustained visceral arousal (such as the posterior insula), respectively. The finding that adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective lowers emotion explosiveness and accumulation was also replicated at a self-report level. However, perspective taking did not impact activity in the neural correlates of emotion explosiveness and accumulation.
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epa 1086 dorsomedial and precuneus activation during self referential Processing predict long term remission to agomelatine in major depression
European Psychiatry, 2014Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Stephane Lehericy, Maritza Jabourian, Walid Choucha, Nathalie Girault, J Laredo, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Introduction Less than half of depressed patients achieve remission. Identification of biological markers may help clinicians to predict remission and improve patient's treatment. Objectives To identify brain regions whose activity during Self-Referential Processing at baseline could predict long-term remission among patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to investigate the brain effects of Agomelatine. Method Nineteen acutely depressed patients and fourteen healthy controls performed Self-Referential judgments on emotional pictures during two fMRI sessions: before treatment and after 6 to 7 weeks of Agomelatine in patients or one week of placebo in controls. Patients were treated during 6 months and remission was assessed (HAM-D≤7). Results Activation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and precuneus, during Self-Referential Processing at baseline, was lower in future remitters than in non-remitters and remained stable after 6/7 weeks of treatment in both groups of patients. Pre-treatment activation of dmPFC and precuneus predicted clinical remission at 6 months with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71.6%. After 6–7 weeks of Agomelatine, the brain activation of MDD patients during Self-Referential Processing was normalized i.e. decrease in the excessive activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increase in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex activation. Conclusions Pre-treatment activation of precuneus and dmPFC during Self-Referential Processing appears to be a valid predictor of clinical remission. Such results are consistent with the idea that cortical midline structures activity may play a major role in treatment outcome of MDD and may help developing biomarkers-based treatment of MDD.
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negative affectivity self referential Processing and the cortical midline structures
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Cedric Lemogne, Philip Gorwood, Loretxu Bergouignan, Antoine Pelissolo, Stephane Lehericy, Philippe FossatiAbstract:The neural bases of the association between negative affectivity and self-focus remain unknown in healthy subjects. Building on the role of the cortical midline structures (CMS) in Self-Referential Processing, we hypothesized that negative affectivity in healthy subjects would be associated with an increased activation of the CMS during Self-Referential Processing. We presented positive and negative pictures to 45 healthy subjects during fMRI and asked them to judge whether the pictures were related to themselves or not (self condition), or whether the pictures were positive or negative (general condition). Negative affectivity was measured by the level of harm avoidance (HA) with the Temperament and Character Inventory. Self-Referential Processing activated the CMS, including the dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). A higher HA score was associated with a greater activation of the dorsal MPFC and PCC during Self-Referential Processing, this greater activation being more pronounced for negative pictures in the dorsal MPFC. This increased activation of the CMS may embody the association between negative affectivity and self-focus in healthy subjects, as previously observed in major depression. Within the CMS, the dorsal MPFC may play a key role in negative affectivity, integrating an increased attention to negative stimuli with an increased attention to the self.
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medial prefrontal cortex and the self in major depression
F1000Research, 2011Co-Authors: Philippe Fossati, Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Maxime Freton, Sophie GuionnetAbstract:Self-focus (i.e. the process by which one engages oneself in Self-Referential Processing) is a core issue in the psychopathology of major depression. The cortical midline structures, including the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), play a key role in Self-Referential Processing in healthy subjects. Four functional magnetic resonance imaging studies recently found either an increased or a decreased MPFC activation during Self-Referential Processing in depressed patients compared to healthy controls. Building on critical differences in experimental settings, we argue that these conflicting results are indeed consistent with two modes of elevated MPFC activation in major depression. An elevated tonic ventral MPFC activation, as uncovered by an event-related design, may embody automatic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as attracting attention to self-relevant incoming information. An elevated phasic dorsal MPFC activation, as uncovered by a block-based design, may embody more strategic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as comparing the self with inner standards. Additionally, strategic self-focus in depression may recruit the anterior cingulate cortex and more lateral regions of the prefrontal cortex. An aberrant functional connectivity of the dorsal MPFC may underlie this lack of reciprocal inhibition between the cognitive control network and the default mode network. Altogether, these results suggest that self-focus in depression may emerge as a process competing for brain resources due to a lack of inhibition of the default mode network, resulting in detrimental effects on externally-oriented cognitive processes. Follow-up studies are warranted to determine the trait vs. state nature of these biomarkers and their ability to predict treatment outcome.
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brain effects of antidepressants in major depression a meta analysis of emotional Processing studies
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2011Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Loretxu Bergouignan, Maritza Jabourian, Sophie Guionnet, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Abstract Background A consistent brain activity pattern has been identified in major depression across many resting positron emission tomography (PET) studies. This dysfunctional pattern seems to be normalized by antidepressant treatment. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify more clearly the pattern associated with clinical improvement of depression following an antidepressant drug treatment, in emotional activation studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods A quantitative Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was performed across 9 emotional activation fMRI and PET studies (126 patients) using the Activation Likelihood Estimation technique. Results Following the antidepressant drug treatment, the activation of dorsolateral, dorsomedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices was increased whereas the activation of the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal region, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula was decreased. Additionally, there was a decreased activation in the anterior (BA 32) and posterior cingulate cortices, as well as in the precuneus and inferior parietal lobule, which could reflect a restored deactivation of the default mode network. Limitations The small number of emotional activation studies, using heterogeneous tasks, included in the ALE analysis. Conclusions The activation of several brain regions involved in major depression, in response to emotional stimuli, was normalized after antidepressant treatment. To refine our knowledge of antidepressants' effect on the neural bases of emotional Processing in major depression, neuroimaging studies should use consistent emotional tasks related to depressive symptoms and that involve the default mode network, such as Self-Referential Processing tasks.
Pauline Delaveau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of self-distancing on emotion explosiveness and accumulation: An fMRI study
PLoS ONE, 2018Co-Authors: Maxime Resibois, Peter Kuppens, Philippe Fossati, Jean-yves Rotge, Pauline Delaveau, Iven Van Mechelen, Philippe VerduynAbstract:Emotions unfold over time with episodes differing in explosiveness (i.e., profiles having a steep vs. a gentle start) and accumulation (i.e., profiles increasing over time vs. going back to baseline). In the present fMRI study, we wanted to replicate and extend previous findings on the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying emotion explosiveness and accumulation. Specifically, we aimed to: (a) replicate the finding that different neural mechanisms are associated with emotion explosiveness and accumulation, (b) replicate the finding that adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective decreases emotion explosive-ness and accumulation at the level of self-report, and (c) examine whether adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective similarly modulates activity in the brain regions associated with emotion explosiveness and accumulation. Participants in an fMRI scanner were asked to adopt a self-immersed or self-distanced perspective while reading and thinking about negative social feedback, and to report on felt changes in negative affect during that period using an emotion intensity profile tracking approach. We replicated previous findings showing that emotion explosiveness and accumulation were related to activity in regions involved in Self-Referential Processing (such as the medial prefrontal cortex) and sustained visceral arousal (such as the posterior insula), respectively. The finding that adopting a self-distanced (vs. self-immersed) perspective lowers emotion explosiveness and accumulation was also replicated at a self-report level. However, perspective taking did not impact activity in the neural correlates of emotion explosiveness and accumulation.
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epa 1086 dorsomedial and precuneus activation during self referential Processing predict long term remission to agomelatine in major depression
European Psychiatry, 2014Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Stephane Lehericy, Maritza Jabourian, Walid Choucha, Nathalie Girault, J Laredo, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Introduction Less than half of depressed patients achieve remission. Identification of biological markers may help clinicians to predict remission and improve patient's treatment. Objectives To identify brain regions whose activity during Self-Referential Processing at baseline could predict long-term remission among patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to investigate the brain effects of Agomelatine. Method Nineteen acutely depressed patients and fourteen healthy controls performed Self-Referential judgments on emotional pictures during two fMRI sessions: before treatment and after 6 to 7 weeks of Agomelatine in patients or one week of placebo in controls. Patients were treated during 6 months and remission was assessed (HAM-D≤7). Results Activation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and precuneus, during Self-Referential Processing at baseline, was lower in future remitters than in non-remitters and remained stable after 6/7 weeks of treatment in both groups of patients. Pre-treatment activation of dmPFC and precuneus predicted clinical remission at 6 months with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71.6%. After 6–7 weeks of Agomelatine, the brain activation of MDD patients during Self-Referential Processing was normalized i.e. decrease in the excessive activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increase in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex activation. Conclusions Pre-treatment activation of precuneus and dmPFC during Self-Referential Processing appears to be a valid predictor of clinical remission. Such results are consistent with the idea that cortical midline structures activity may play a major role in treatment outcome of MDD and may help developing biomarkers-based treatment of MDD.
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medial prefrontal cortex and the self in major depression
F1000Research, 2011Co-Authors: Philippe Fossati, Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Maxime Freton, Sophie GuionnetAbstract:Self-focus (i.e. the process by which one engages oneself in Self-Referential Processing) is a core issue in the psychopathology of major depression. The cortical midline structures, including the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), play a key role in Self-Referential Processing in healthy subjects. Four functional magnetic resonance imaging studies recently found either an increased or a decreased MPFC activation during Self-Referential Processing in depressed patients compared to healthy controls. Building on critical differences in experimental settings, we argue that these conflicting results are indeed consistent with two modes of elevated MPFC activation in major depression. An elevated tonic ventral MPFC activation, as uncovered by an event-related design, may embody automatic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as attracting attention to self-relevant incoming information. An elevated phasic dorsal MPFC activation, as uncovered by a block-based design, may embody more strategic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as comparing the self with inner standards. Additionally, strategic self-focus in depression may recruit the anterior cingulate cortex and more lateral regions of the prefrontal cortex. An aberrant functional connectivity of the dorsal MPFC may underlie this lack of reciprocal inhibition between the cognitive control network and the default mode network. Altogether, these results suggest that self-focus in depression may emerge as a process competing for brain resources due to a lack of inhibition of the default mode network, resulting in detrimental effects on externally-oriented cognitive processes. Follow-up studies are warranted to determine the trait vs. state nature of these biomarkers and their ability to predict treatment outcome.
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brain effects of antidepressants in major depression a meta analysis of emotional Processing studies
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2011Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Loretxu Bergouignan, Maritza Jabourian, Sophie Guionnet, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Abstract Background A consistent brain activity pattern has been identified in major depression across many resting positron emission tomography (PET) studies. This dysfunctional pattern seems to be normalized by antidepressant treatment. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify more clearly the pattern associated with clinical improvement of depression following an antidepressant drug treatment, in emotional activation studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods A quantitative Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was performed across 9 emotional activation fMRI and PET studies (126 patients) using the Activation Likelihood Estimation technique. Results Following the antidepressant drug treatment, the activation of dorsolateral, dorsomedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices was increased whereas the activation of the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal region, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula was decreased. Additionally, there was a decreased activation in the anterior (BA 32) and posterior cingulate cortices, as well as in the precuneus and inferior parietal lobule, which could reflect a restored deactivation of the default mode network. Limitations The small number of emotional activation studies, using heterogeneous tasks, included in the ALE analysis. Conclusions The activation of several brain regions involved in major depression, in response to emotional stimuli, was normalized after antidepressant treatment. To refine our knowledge of antidepressants' effect on the neural bases of emotional Processing in major depression, neuroimaging studies should use consistent emotional tasks related to depressive symptoms and that involve the default mode network, such as Self-Referential Processing tasks.
Abraham Goldstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Creativity Is Enhanced by Long-Term Mindfulness Training and Is Negatively Correlated with Trait Default-Mode-Related Low-Gamma Inter-Hemispheric Connectivity
Mindfulness, 2017Co-Authors: Aviva Berkovich-ohana, Tal Dotan Ben-soussan, Joseph Glicksohn, Abraham GoldsteinAbstract:It is becoming increasingly accepted that creative performance, especially divergent thinking, may depend on reduced activity within the default mode network (DMN), related to mind-wandering and autobiographic Self-Referential Processing. However, the relationship between trait (resting-state) DMN activity and divergent thinking is controversial. Here, we test the relationship between resting-state DMN activity and divergent thinking in a group of mindfulness meditation practitioners. We build on our two previous reports, which have shown DMN activity to be related to resting-state log gamma (25–45 Hz) power and inter-hemispheric functional connectivity. Using the same cohort of participants (three mindfulness groups with increasing expertise, and controls, n = 12 each), we tested (1) divergent thinking scores (Flexibility and Fluency) using the Alternative Uses task and (2) correlation between Alternative Uses scores and DMN activity as measured by resting-state gamma power and inter-hemispheric functional connectivity. We found that both Fluency and Flexibility (1) were higher in the two long-term mindfulness groups (>1000 h) compared to short-term mindfulness practitioners and control participants and (2) negatively correlated with gamma inter-hemispheric functional connectivity (frontal-midline and posterior-midline connections). In addition, (3) Fluency was significantly correlated with mindfulness expertise. Together, these results show that long-term mindfulness meditators exhibit higher divergent thinking scores in correlation with their expertise and demonstrate a negative divergent thinking—resting-state DMN activity relationship, thus largely support a negative DMN-creativity connection.
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mindfulness induced changes in gamma band activity implications for the default mode network self reference and attention
Clinical Neurophysiology, 2012Co-Authors: Aviva Berkovichohana, Joseph Glicksohn, Abraham GoldsteinAbstract:Abstract Objective There is a growing scientific interest in mindfulness meditation (MM), yet its underlying neurophysiological mechanism is still uncertain. We investigated whether MM affects Self-Referential Processing, associated with default mode network (DMN), either as short (state) – or long-term (trait) effects. Methods Three levels of MM expertise were compared with controls ( n =12 each) by electroencephalography (EEG). Results DMN deactivation was identified during the transition from resting state to a time production task, as lower gamma (25–45Hz) power over frontal and midline regions. MM practitioners exhibited a trait lower frontal gamma activity, related to narrative self-reference and DMN activity, as well as producing longer durations, these being negatively correlated with frontal gamma activity. Additionally, we found state increases in posterior gamma power, suggesting increased attention and sensory awareness. MM proficiency did not affect the results. Conclusions Gamma power over frontal midline areas reflects DMN activity. MM practitioners exhibit lower trait frontal gamma activity, as well as a state and trait increases in posterior gamma power, irrespective of practice proficiency. Significance First, the DMN can be studied non-invasively by EEG. Second, MM induces from the early stages of practice neuroplasticity in Self-Referential and attentional networks.
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mindfulness induced changes in gamma band activity implications for the default mode network self reference and attention
Clinical Neurophysiology, 2012Co-Authors: Aviva Berkovichohana, Joseph Glicksohn, Abraham GoldsteinAbstract:Abstract Objective There is a growing scientific interest in mindfulness meditation (MM), yet its underlying neurophysiological mechanism is still uncertain. We investigated whether MM affects Self-Referential Processing, associated with default mode network (DMN), either as short (state) – or long-term (trait) effects. Methods Three levels of MM expertise were compared with controls ( n =12 each) by electroencephalography (EEG). Results DMN deactivation was identified during the transition from resting state to a time production task, as lower gamma (25–45Hz) power over frontal and midline regions. MM practitioners exhibited a trait lower frontal gamma activity, related to narrative self-reference and DMN activity, as well as producing longer durations, these being negatively correlated with frontal gamma activity. Additionally, we found state increases in posterior gamma power, suggesting increased attention and sensory awareness. MM proficiency did not affect the results. Conclusions Gamma power over frontal midline areas reflects DMN activity. MM practitioners exhibit lower trait frontal gamma activity, as well as a state and trait increases in posterior gamma power, irrespective of practice proficiency. Significance First, the DMN can be studied non-invasively by EEG. Second, MM induces from the early stages of practice neuroplasticity in Self-Referential and attentional networks.
Cedric Lemogne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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epa 1086 dorsomedial and precuneus activation during self referential Processing predict long term remission to agomelatine in major depression
European Psychiatry, 2014Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Stephane Lehericy, Maritza Jabourian, Walid Choucha, Nathalie Girault, J Laredo, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Introduction Less than half of depressed patients achieve remission. Identification of biological markers may help clinicians to predict remission and improve patient's treatment. Objectives To identify brain regions whose activity during Self-Referential Processing at baseline could predict long-term remission among patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to investigate the brain effects of Agomelatine. Method Nineteen acutely depressed patients and fourteen healthy controls performed Self-Referential judgments on emotional pictures during two fMRI sessions: before treatment and after 6 to 7 weeks of Agomelatine in patients or one week of placebo in controls. Patients were treated during 6 months and remission was assessed (HAM-D≤7). Results Activation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and precuneus, during Self-Referential Processing at baseline, was lower in future remitters than in non-remitters and remained stable after 6/7 weeks of treatment in both groups of patients. Pre-treatment activation of dmPFC and precuneus predicted clinical remission at 6 months with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71.6%. After 6–7 weeks of Agomelatine, the brain activation of MDD patients during Self-Referential Processing was normalized i.e. decrease in the excessive activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increase in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex activation. Conclusions Pre-treatment activation of precuneus and dmPFC during Self-Referential Processing appears to be a valid predictor of clinical remission. Such results are consistent with the idea that cortical midline structures activity may play a major role in treatment outcome of MDD and may help developing biomarkers-based treatment of MDD.
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negative affectivity self referential Processing and the cortical midline structures
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2011Co-Authors: Cedric Lemogne, Philip Gorwood, Loretxu Bergouignan, Antoine Pelissolo, Stephane Lehericy, Philippe FossatiAbstract:The neural bases of the association between negative affectivity and self-focus remain unknown in healthy subjects. Building on the role of the cortical midline structures (CMS) in Self-Referential Processing, we hypothesized that negative affectivity in healthy subjects would be associated with an increased activation of the CMS during Self-Referential Processing. We presented positive and negative pictures to 45 healthy subjects during fMRI and asked them to judge whether the pictures were related to themselves or not (self condition), or whether the pictures were positive or negative (general condition). Negative affectivity was measured by the level of harm avoidance (HA) with the Temperament and Character Inventory. Self-Referential Processing activated the CMS, including the dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). A higher HA score was associated with a greater activation of the dorsal MPFC and PCC during Self-Referential Processing, this greater activation being more pronounced for negative pictures in the dorsal MPFC. This increased activation of the CMS may embody the association between negative affectivity and self-focus in healthy subjects, as previously observed in major depression. Within the CMS, the dorsal MPFC may play a key role in negative affectivity, integrating an increased attention to negative stimuli with an increased attention to the self.
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medial prefrontal cortex and the self in major depression
F1000Research, 2011Co-Authors: Philippe Fossati, Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Maxime Freton, Sophie GuionnetAbstract:Self-focus (i.e. the process by which one engages oneself in Self-Referential Processing) is a core issue in the psychopathology of major depression. The cortical midline structures, including the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), play a key role in Self-Referential Processing in healthy subjects. Four functional magnetic resonance imaging studies recently found either an increased or a decreased MPFC activation during Self-Referential Processing in depressed patients compared to healthy controls. Building on critical differences in experimental settings, we argue that these conflicting results are indeed consistent with two modes of elevated MPFC activation in major depression. An elevated tonic ventral MPFC activation, as uncovered by an event-related design, may embody automatic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as attracting attention to self-relevant incoming information. An elevated phasic dorsal MPFC activation, as uncovered by a block-based design, may embody more strategic aspects of depressive self-focus, such as comparing the self with inner standards. Additionally, strategic self-focus in depression may recruit the anterior cingulate cortex and more lateral regions of the prefrontal cortex. An aberrant functional connectivity of the dorsal MPFC may underlie this lack of reciprocal inhibition between the cognitive control network and the default mode network. Altogether, these results suggest that self-focus in depression may emerge as a process competing for brain resources due to a lack of inhibition of the default mode network, resulting in detrimental effects on externally-oriented cognitive processes. Follow-up studies are warranted to determine the trait vs. state nature of these biomarkers and their ability to predict treatment outcome.
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brain effects of antidepressants in major depression a meta analysis of emotional Processing studies
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2011Co-Authors: Pauline Delaveau, Cedric Lemogne, Loretxu Bergouignan, Maritza Jabourian, Sophie Guionnet, Philippe FossatiAbstract:Abstract Background A consistent brain activity pattern has been identified in major depression across many resting positron emission tomography (PET) studies. This dysfunctional pattern seems to be normalized by antidepressant treatment. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify more clearly the pattern associated with clinical improvement of depression following an antidepressant drug treatment, in emotional activation studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods A quantitative Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was performed across 9 emotional activation fMRI and PET studies (126 patients) using the Activation Likelihood Estimation technique. Results Following the antidepressant drug treatment, the activation of dorsolateral, dorsomedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices was increased whereas the activation of the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal region, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula was decreased. Additionally, there was a decreased activation in the anterior (BA 32) and posterior cingulate cortices, as well as in the precuneus and inferior parietal lobule, which could reflect a restored deactivation of the default mode network. Limitations The small number of emotional activation studies, using heterogeneous tasks, included in the ALE analysis. Conclusions The activation of several brain regions involved in major depression, in response to emotional stimuli, was normalized after antidepressant treatment. To refine our knowledge of antidepressants' effect on the neural bases of emotional Processing in major depression, neuroimaging studies should use consistent emotional tasks related to depressive symptoms and that involve the default mode network, such as Self-Referential Processing tasks.
James J Gross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurocognitive heterogeneity in social anxiety disorder the role of self referential Processing and childhood maltreatment
Clinical psychological science, 2021Co-Authors: Anat Talmon, Matthew L Dixon, Philippe R Goldin, Richard G Heimberg, James J GrossAbstract:Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by negative self-beliefs and altered brain activation in the default-mode network (DMN). However, the extent to which there is neurocognitive heteroge...
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neurocognitive heterogeneity in social anxiety disorder the role of self referential Processing and childhood maltreatment
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Anat Talmon, Matthew L Dixon, Philippe R Goldin, Richard G Heimberg, James J GrossAbstract:Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by negative self-beliefs and altered brain activation in the default mode network (DMN). However, the extent to which there is neurocognitive heterogeneity in SAD remains unclear. We had two independent samples of patients perform a Self-Referential encoding task, and complete self-reports of childhood maltreatment, subjective well-being, and emotion regulation. In the replication sample, we also measured DMN activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging. K-means clustering revealed two distinct sub-groups of SAD patients in the discovery sample. Cluster 1 demonstrated higher levels of negative and lower levels of positive Self-Referential trait endorsement, and significantly higher levels of childhood emotional maltreatment, lower subjective well-being, and altered emotion regulation strategy use. A similar pattern was observed in the replication sample, which further demonstrated higher DMN activation during negative trait judgments in cluster 1. These findings reveal neurocognitive heterogeneity in SAD and its relationship to emotional maltreatment.
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mindfulness meditation training and self referential Processing in social anxiety disorder behavioral and neural effects
Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Philippe R Goldin, Wiveka Ramel, James J GrossAbstract:This study examined the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the brain-behavior mechanisms of Self-Referential Processing in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Sixteen patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while encoding Self-Referential, valence, and orthographic features of social trait adjectives. Post-MBSR, 14 patients completed neuroimaging. Compared to baseline, MBSR completers showed (a) increased self-esteem and decreased anxiety, (b) increased positive and decreased negative self-endorsement, (c) increased activity in a brain network related to attention regulation, and (d) reduced activity in brain systems implicated in conceptual-linguistic self-view. MBSR-related changes in maladaptive or distorted social self-view in adults diagnosed with SAD may be related to modulation of conceptual self-Processing and attention regulation. Self-Referential Processing may serve as a functional biobehavioral target to measure the effects of mindfulness training.