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Tales Tiecher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nine year impact of grazing management on Soil Acidity and aluminum speciation and fractionation in a long term no till integrated crop livestock system in the subtropics
Geoderma, 2020Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Tales Tiecher, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Ibanor Anghinoni, Paulo Cesar De Faccio Carvalho, Luiz Gustavo De Oliveira Denardin, Walker Da S Schaidhauer, Sandeep KumarAbstract:Abstract Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) can be an option for agricultural sustainability in subtropics. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of aluminum (Al) dynamics in such systems. In this context, this study was conducted in 2001–2010 on Rhodic Hapludox Soil with the objective of assessing the impacts of time and grazing on Soil Acidity and Al fractions (solid phase) and species (liquid phase) in ICLS (soybean-beef cattle) managed with a long-term no-till system. The crop succession consisted of soybean cultivation during summer and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass during winter. Treatments consisted of different grazing managements during the winter season: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. For this study, sampling was performed prior to the first and after nine grazing seasons. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire study area immediately after the first grazing season. We demonstrated differences in the Al forms in the Soil solid and liquid phases over time and with different managements. The ICLS with intensive grazing or moderate grazing during the winter season led to a lower availability of total Al in the Soil solution and a higher base saturation and lower Al saturation in the Soil solid phase compared to non-grazed areas. However, the Soil pH is similar between grazed and non-grazed. Despite such differentiated dynamics, the carbon accumulated in the Soil with a long-term no-till management guarantees that the preponderant Al form is linked to organic compounds, maintaining the content of phytotoxic species and the Al3+ activity below the critical limit for plant growth.
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effect of gypsum rates and lime with different reactivity on Soil Acidity and crop grain yields in a subtropical oxisol under no tillage
Soil & Tillage Research, 2019Co-Authors: Sandra Mara Vieira Fontoura, Tales Tiecher, Osmar Henrique De Castro Pias, Mauricio Roberto Cherubin, Renato Paulo De Moraes, Cimelio BayerAbstract:The low solubility of lime (CaCO3) and the absence of Soil disturbance in fields under no-tillage (NT) may diminish the effectiveness of surface liming to reduce exchangeable Al3+ (toxic to plants) and increase the base saturation in deep Soil layers. However, the effects of subsurface Soil Acidity can be attenuated by applying agricultural gypsum (CaSO4⋅2H2O), which is more soluble than lime, and thus, can leached bases (exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+) and S-SO42− to deeper Soil layers as well as decrease Al3+ toxicity to plants. Therefore, gypsum can be applied individually or in combination with lime. Herein, we conducted a field experiment aiming to evaluate short- (1 year) and long-term (11 years) effects of surface liming and gypsum application on the chemical properties of the 0.00–0.10, 0.10–0.20, 0.20–0.40 and 0.40–0.60 m Soil layers and also on crop yield of 22 crop seasons (i.e., 10 soybean, 3 maize, 4 white oat, 3 wheat and 2 barley crops). The study was performed in a clayey Typic Hapludox of moderate Acidity managed under NT for more than 25 years in Guarapuava, Parana State, southern Brazil. Three Soil surface-applied lime strategies were tested in order to raise base saturation to 70%, namely: (a) 4.62 Mg ha–1 rate of lime of low effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECCE = 75%); (b) 3.47 Mg ha–1 rate of lime with a high ECCE value (101%); and (c) the same rate of high-ECCE lime split in three applications (i.e., 1/3 at the start of experiment; 1/3 after 1 year and 1/3 after 2 years). A control treatment without liming was also conducted. The liming strategies were combined with four rates of agricultural gypsum (i.e., 0, 3, 6 and 9 Mg ha–1) applied at the start of the experiment. Our findings did not reveal synergistic effect of lime and gypsum on Soil chemical properties nor on crop yield. Gypsum resulted in very slight gains in grain yield (4% on average) and limited to just 25% of cereal (corn and winter cereals) crop seasons. On the other hand, liming increased soybean yields by 14% in 40% of crop seasons. Gypsum was more efficient than lime in raising exchangeable Ca2+ levels up to −0.60 m in the short term; however, lime promoted greater reduction of Soil Acidity and had a more marked residual effect on exchangeable Ca2+ contents than gypsum. The liming strategies did no promote substantial differences in crop yield, but low-ECCE lime sustained better Soil chemical condition to plant growth for a longer period. Surface liming efficiently reduced subsurface Acidity in a moderately acidic Oxisol managed under NT even in the short-term, promoting increments on soybean crop yields. In this case, the application of gypsum rates did not bring additional benefits to Soil or plant yield.
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residual effect of surface applied lime on Soil Acidity properties in a long term experiment under no till in a southern brazilian sandy ultisol
Geoderma, 2018Co-Authors: Danilo Dos Santos Rheinheimer, Tales Tiecher, Renan Gonzatto, Mohsin Zafar, Gustavo BrunettoAbstract:Abstract The changes in Soil chemical properties caused by surface lime application depend on the application dose, reaction time, and are limited to the top few centimeters of the Soil profile. The present study aimed to monitor and to interpret the impacts of surface lime re-application at different rates and splitting rates on the amelioration of Soil Acidity and its distribution and migration through Soil profile in a sandy Ultisol from Southern Brazil under long-term no-tillage (NT) system. The experiment was installed in an area where the conventional tillage (CT) was practiced till 1988 when the Soil was limed (3.1 Mg ha− 1) and then the area was maintained under NT. In October 1994, the Soil was sampled and lime was reapplied at four rates: 0, 3.6, 5.4, and 6.0 Mg ha− 1. The full dose to raise Soil pH to 6.0 was applied in 1994 once. The rate of 5.4 Mg ha− 1 was split in three times, applying 1.8 Mg lime ha− 1 in 1994, 1995, and 1999, and the rate of 6.0 Mg ha− 1 was split in five times, applying 1.2 Mg lime ha− 1 in 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, and 2000. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications. In October 2006 and 2012, i.e. after 18 and 24 years of the start of NT or 12 and 18 years after lime re-application (beginning of the experiment), Soil samples were taken at each 1 cm depth up to 10 cm layer, each 2.5 cm depth up to 10 to 25 cm layer, and each 5 cm depth from 25 to 60 cm layer. Soil Acidity attributes including active Acidity (pH-H2O), aluminum (Al) saturation, exchangeable Al, exchangeable calcium (Ca), exchangeable magnesium (Mg) and base saturation were also evaluated. Results show that the re-acidification of the Soil is extremely slow. Even after 24 years without re-application of lime, the re-acidification process resulted in only 20% of the original potential Acidity observed in the area under natural grassland. The surface application of lime in a re-acidified Soil under NT promoted the formation of an alkalizing front by statistically modifying the Soil Acidity attributes up to 60 cm. However, it was much less deeper (
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Soil fertility and nutrient budget after 23 years of different Soil tillage systems and winter cover crops in a subtropical oxisol
Geoderma, 2017Co-Authors: Tales Tiecher, Ademir Calegari, Laurent Caner, Danilo Dos Santos RheinheimerAbstract:Abstract Growing cover crops to recycle Soil nutrients in no-tillage systems provide nutrients accumulation in more labile forms in the Soil surface reducing the demand for fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term (23-yrs) effect of Soil tillage systems and winter cover crops on ( i ) Soil Acidity, ( ii ) nutrient availability, and ( iii ) P and K budget in a subtropical Oxisol from Southern Brazil. The experiment was established in 1986 with six winter treatments (blue lupine, hairy vetch, oat, radish, wheat, and fallow) and two tillage systems (conventional tillage - CT and no-tillage - NT) in a very clayey Rhodic Hapludox in Southern Brazil. Nutrient availability (P, K, Ca, and Mg) and Soil Acidity (pH, potential Acidity, base and Al saturation) were evaluated in five Soil depths (0–5, 5–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40 cm). Nutrient budget was calculated considering the inputs (amount of P and K applied via fertilizer) and outputs of P and K from the system (exported by the grains), and the Soil available P and K before and after 23-years of experiment. Continuous NT system for 23-years resulted in higher Soil fertility in the topSoil (0–10 cm) compared to CT, but with some limitations of nutrient availability and Soil Acidity below 10 cm depth. Long-term NT builds up a strong gradient of nutrient availability, with higher concentration of nutrients on the Soil surface layers that abruptly decrease with Soil depth, unlike CT. Surface application of lime in NT reduced Soil Acidity up to 20 cm compared to CT. The budget of P was negative for all treatments, highlighting the P-sink behavior of this strongly weathered subtropical Oxisol. However, NT system resulted in less negative budget compared to CT and, therefore, higher efficiency of use of P. Growing cover crops in the winter is effective to increase P and K availability through plant cycling, but the plants grown in winter did not affect Soil Acidity. Nutrient cycling by winter cover crops reduced P and K losses, especially when the Soil is not plowed. Fallow in the winter decreases the use efficiency of P and K. Among the cover crops tested, black oat stood out by its greater production of biomass, resulting in higher P and K availability in the Soil surface. Lupine resulted in a greater cycling of P possibly due to its ability to absorb P from less labile forms in the Soil.
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Long-term effect of different Soil management systems and winter crops on Soil Acidity and vertical distribution of nutrients in a Brazilian Oxisol
Soil and Tillage Research, 2013Co-Authors: Ademir Calegari, Tales Tiecher, William L. Hargrove, Ricardo Ralisch, Daniel Tessier, Stéphane De Tourdonnet, Maria De Fatima Guimaraes, Danilo Rheinheimer Dos SantosAbstract:Strategies" to sustain crop productivity by reducing the fertilizer and lime demands must be developed. The use of plant species that use more efficiently the Soil nutrients and tillage systems that provide nutrients accumulation in more labile forms are prerequisites for sustainable agroecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the long period effect of cultivating different winter species under different Soil management systems on vertical distribution of Soil nutrients and the Soil Acidity distribution in Soil profile. The experiment was established in 1986 with six winter treatments (blue lupine, hairy vetch, oat, radish, wheat and fallow) under conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) in a very clayey Rhodic Hapludox in Southern Brazil. As a result of 19 years of no Soil disturbance, Soil chemical attributes related to Soil Acidity and the availability of P and K were more favorable to crops growth up to 10 cm in the Soil under no-tillage than in the conventional tillage. On other hand, lime applications in low doses on the Soil surface were not efficient in neutralizing the aluminum toxicity below 10 cm depth. It shows that repeated use of lime on the Soil surface under NT system can be a viable alternative strategy only when Soil Acidity and aluminum toxicity in subsurface has been previously eliminated using the adequate amount of lime and incorporating it into the arable layer. Moreover, in the conventional tillage system P and K availability were higher below 10 cm depth compared to the no-tillage system. Even after 19 years of no Soil disturbance in the NT system the available P content below 10 cm Soil layer was lower than the optimal content of available P recommended to cash crops. The reduced surface K application over time was sufficient to gain adequate crop yields and to maintain the optimal content of Soil available K in both Soil management systems. The effects of Soil management systems were predominant on the Soil Acidity attributes, and no effects of winter cover crops were observed on Soil Acidity attributes. Black oat and blue lupine were more efficient in P cycling, increasing the Soil available P content especially in the surface Soil under NT. The lower amount of biomass produced over time when no cover crops were used in the winter period resulted in lower P and K availability in the Soil, showing the important role of growing winter species to maintain Soil fertility.
Paulo Cesar De Faccio Carvalho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nine year impact of grazing management on Soil Acidity and aluminum speciation and fractionation in a long term no till integrated crop livestock system in the subtropics
Geoderma, 2020Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Tales Tiecher, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Ibanor Anghinoni, Paulo Cesar De Faccio Carvalho, Luiz Gustavo De Oliveira Denardin, Walker Da S Schaidhauer, Sandeep KumarAbstract:Abstract Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) can be an option for agricultural sustainability in subtropics. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of aluminum (Al) dynamics in such systems. In this context, this study was conducted in 2001–2010 on Rhodic Hapludox Soil with the objective of assessing the impacts of time and grazing on Soil Acidity and Al fractions (solid phase) and species (liquid phase) in ICLS (soybean-beef cattle) managed with a long-term no-till system. The crop succession consisted of soybean cultivation during summer and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass during winter. Treatments consisted of different grazing managements during the winter season: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. For this study, sampling was performed prior to the first and after nine grazing seasons. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire study area immediately after the first grazing season. We demonstrated differences in the Al forms in the Soil solid and liquid phases over time and with different managements. The ICLS with intensive grazing or moderate grazing during the winter season led to a lower availability of total Al in the Soil solution and a higher base saturation and lower Al saturation in the Soil solid phase compared to non-grazed areas. However, the Soil pH is similar between grazed and non-grazed. Despite such differentiated dynamics, the carbon accumulated in the Soil with a long-term no-till management guarantees that the preponderant Al form is linked to organic compounds, maintaining the content of phytotoxic species and the Al3+ activity below the critical limit for plant growth.
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long medium and short term dynamics of Soil Acidity in an integrated crop livestock system under different grazing intensities
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2016Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Diego Cecagno, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Fernando Arnuti, Sarah Hanauer Lochmann, Ibanor Anghinoni, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Cimelio Bayer, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) are being highlighted as a sustainable way to produce food and increase the efficiency of land use. One of the important factors in this type of system is the impact of animals on Soil Acidity dynamics. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate Soil Acidity dynamics over long- (11 years), medium- (3 years with semiannual evaluations) and short-term (6 months during pasture season) studies in an integrated soybean–beef cattle system exposed to different grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 in a Rhodic Hapludox Soil with a succession of soybean (summer) and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass (winter). Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities during the winter season: intensive grazing (IG), moderate grazing (MG), and no-grazing (NG). Soil was sampled at different times to evaluate the Soil attributes related to Acidity. The Ca and Mg budgets were also calculated for the long-term study. In general, the different grazing intensities in ICLS do not affect Soil Acidity dynamics. However, the presence of animals (ICLS with IG or MG) causes a decrease in the long-term Soil acidification compared with NG. This is due to lower amounts of non-productive losses of Ca and Mg, which result in higher pH values and lower levels of Al saturation. The same trend is observed in the medium- and short-term studies: in most situations, the integrated system is less acidic, but the grazing intensity performed does not affect the Soil Acidity.
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amelioration of Soil Acidity and soybean yield after surface lime reapplication to a long term no till integrated crop livestock system under varying grazing intensities
Soil & Tillage Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Ibanor Anghinoni, Sergio Costa, Filipe Selau Carlos, Gabriela De Holanda Nichel, Rodrigo P Silva, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Abstract An integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with summer grain cropping and winter grazing of cover crops, is an option for agricultural management in subtropical areas. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of Soil Acidity and lime application dynamics in such systems. Because grain producers resist introducing livestock into cultivation areas due to fear of negative impacts of grazing on soybean yields and lime movement thorough the Soil profile, the objective of this research is to evaluate the impacts of surface lime reapplication on the amelioration of Soil Acidity attributes and the yield of soybean in a long-term integrated soybean-beef cattle system under no-till under varying grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 for an ICLS on a Rhodic Hapludox Soil. Crop succession consisted of soybean ( Glycine max ) cultivation during summer and a mix of black-oat ( Avena strigosa ) + Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) during winter. Treatments consisted of varying grazing intensities during winter: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire area at the beginning of the experiment, and a reapplication was performed nine years later (May of 2010) in a sub-parcel scheme (with and without lime reapplication). Soil Acidity attributes (pH, base saturation and aluminum saturation) were evaluated at 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after lime reapplication, and the soybean yields of the 2010/11, 2011/12, and 2012/13 seasons were measured. As previously observed for the first surface lime application performed in the same trial area, the present study demonstrated that ICLS, regardless of grazing intensity, did not inhibit Soil improvement in deeper layers after surface lime reapplication. In fact, the presence of animals helps to ameliorate Soil Acidity in deeper layers, compared to non-grazed areas. The soybean yield was not correlated with the Soil Acidity attributes and was affected by lime reapplication only under intensive grazing and drought conditions. However, when summer rainfall was lower than the expected climatological normal, soybean yields were higher in non-grazed areas.
Amanda Posselt Martins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nine year impact of grazing management on Soil Acidity and aluminum speciation and fractionation in a long term no till integrated crop livestock system in the subtropics
Geoderma, 2020Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Tales Tiecher, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Ibanor Anghinoni, Paulo Cesar De Faccio Carvalho, Luiz Gustavo De Oliveira Denardin, Walker Da S Schaidhauer, Sandeep KumarAbstract:Abstract Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) can be an option for agricultural sustainability in subtropics. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of aluminum (Al) dynamics in such systems. In this context, this study was conducted in 2001–2010 on Rhodic Hapludox Soil with the objective of assessing the impacts of time and grazing on Soil Acidity and Al fractions (solid phase) and species (liquid phase) in ICLS (soybean-beef cattle) managed with a long-term no-till system. The crop succession consisted of soybean cultivation during summer and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass during winter. Treatments consisted of different grazing managements during the winter season: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. For this study, sampling was performed prior to the first and after nine grazing seasons. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire study area immediately after the first grazing season. We demonstrated differences in the Al forms in the Soil solid and liquid phases over time and with different managements. The ICLS with intensive grazing or moderate grazing during the winter season led to a lower availability of total Al in the Soil solution and a higher base saturation and lower Al saturation in the Soil solid phase compared to non-grazed areas. However, the Soil pH is similar between grazed and non-grazed. Despite such differentiated dynamics, the carbon accumulated in the Soil with a long-term no-till management guarantees that the preponderant Al form is linked to organic compounds, maintaining the content of phytotoxic species and the Al3+ activity below the critical limit for plant growth.
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long medium and short term dynamics of Soil Acidity in an integrated crop livestock system under different grazing intensities
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2016Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Diego Cecagno, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Fernando Arnuti, Sarah Hanauer Lochmann, Ibanor Anghinoni, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Cimelio Bayer, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) are being highlighted as a sustainable way to produce food and increase the efficiency of land use. One of the important factors in this type of system is the impact of animals on Soil Acidity dynamics. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate Soil Acidity dynamics over long- (11 years), medium- (3 years with semiannual evaluations) and short-term (6 months during pasture season) studies in an integrated soybean–beef cattle system exposed to different grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 in a Rhodic Hapludox Soil with a succession of soybean (summer) and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass (winter). Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities during the winter season: intensive grazing (IG), moderate grazing (MG), and no-grazing (NG). Soil was sampled at different times to evaluate the Soil attributes related to Acidity. The Ca and Mg budgets were also calculated for the long-term study. In general, the different grazing intensities in ICLS do not affect Soil Acidity dynamics. However, the presence of animals (ICLS with IG or MG) causes a decrease in the long-term Soil acidification compared with NG. This is due to lower amounts of non-productive losses of Ca and Mg, which result in higher pH values and lower levels of Al saturation. The same trend is observed in the medium- and short-term studies: in most situations, the integrated system is less acidic, but the grazing intensity performed does not affect the Soil Acidity.
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amelioration of Soil Acidity and soybean yield after surface lime reapplication to a long term no till integrated crop livestock system under varying grazing intensities
Soil & Tillage Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Ibanor Anghinoni, Sergio Costa, Filipe Selau Carlos, Gabriela De Holanda Nichel, Rodrigo P Silva, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Abstract An integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with summer grain cropping and winter grazing of cover crops, is an option for agricultural management in subtropical areas. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of Soil Acidity and lime application dynamics in such systems. Because grain producers resist introducing livestock into cultivation areas due to fear of negative impacts of grazing on soybean yields and lime movement thorough the Soil profile, the objective of this research is to evaluate the impacts of surface lime reapplication on the amelioration of Soil Acidity attributes and the yield of soybean in a long-term integrated soybean-beef cattle system under no-till under varying grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 for an ICLS on a Rhodic Hapludox Soil. Crop succession consisted of soybean ( Glycine max ) cultivation during summer and a mix of black-oat ( Avena strigosa ) + Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) during winter. Treatments consisted of varying grazing intensities during winter: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire area at the beginning of the experiment, and a reapplication was performed nine years later (May of 2010) in a sub-parcel scheme (with and without lime reapplication). Soil Acidity attributes (pH, base saturation and aluminum saturation) were evaluated at 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after lime reapplication, and the soybean yields of the 2010/11, 2011/12, and 2012/13 seasons were measured. As previously observed for the first surface lime application performed in the same trial area, the present study demonstrated that ICLS, regardless of grazing intensity, did not inhibit Soil improvement in deeper layers after surface lime reapplication. In fact, the presence of animals helps to ameliorate Soil Acidity in deeper layers, compared to non-grazed areas. The soybean yield was not correlated with the Soil Acidity attributes and was affected by lime reapplication only under intensive grazing and drought conditions. However, when summer rainfall was lower than the expected climatological normal, soybean yields were higher in non-grazed areas.
Muhammad Mehedi Masud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of low energy consuming biochars in combination with nitrate fertilizer on Soil Acidity amelioration and maize growth
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2017Co-Authors: Khalid Mehmood, Jun Jiang, Muhammad Mehedi MasudAbstract:We evaluated the ameliorative effects of crop straw biochars either alone or in combination with nitrate fertilizer on Soil Acidity and maize growth. Low energy-consuming biochars were prepared from canola and peanut straws at 400 °C for 2 h. Incubation experiment was conducted to determine application rate of biochars. Afterward, maize crop was grown in pots for 85 days to investigate the effects of 1 % biochars combined with nitrate fertilizer on Soil pH, exchangeable Acidity, and maize growth in an Ultisol collected from Guangdong Province, China. Application of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % either canola straw biochar (CSB) or peanut straw biochar (PSB) increased Soil pH by 0.15, 0.27, 0.34, and 0.30, 0.58, 0.83 U, respectively, after 65-day incubation. Soil pH was increased by 0.49, 0.72, 0.78, and 0.88 U when 1 % CSB or PSB was applied in combination with 100 and 200 mg N/kg of nitrate, respectively, after maize harvest in greenhouse pot experiment. These low-cost biochars when applied alone or in combination with nitrate not only reduced Soil exchangeable Acidity, but also increased Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, and base saturation degree of the Soil. A total of 49.91 and 80.58 % decreases in exchangeable Acidity were observed when 1 % CSB and PSB were incubated with the Soil for 65 days, compared to pot experiment where 71.35, 78.64, 80.2, and 81.77 % reductions of exchangeable Acidity were observed when 1 % CSB and PSB were applied in combination with 100 and 200 mg N/kg of nitrate, respectively. The higher contents of base cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) in biochars also influenced the plant growth. The higher biomass in CSB-treated pots was attributed to the higher K content compared to PSB. The higher percent reduction in exchangeable Al3+ by applying 1 % CSB combined with 200 mg N/kg of nitrate consistently produced maximum biomass (129.65 g/pot) compared to 100 mg N/kg of nitrate and 1 % PSB combined with 100 and 200 mg N/kg of nitrate. The exchangeable Al3+ mainly responsible for exchangeable Acidity was decreased with the application of biochars and nitrate fertilizer. A highly significant negative relationship was observed between Soil exchangeable Al3+ and plant biomass (r 2 = 0.88, P < 0.05). The biochars in combination with nitrate fertilizer are cost-effective options to effectively reduce Soil Acidity and improve crop growth on sustainable basis.
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application of alkaline slag and phosphogypsum for alleviating Soil Acidity in an ultisol profile a short term leaching experiment
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Mehedi MasudAbstract:Industrial by-products are being explored as alternatives to lime and gypsum for correcting Soil Acidity in top- and sub-Soil because they are cheap and easy to obtain. In this study, the ameliorating effect of alkaline slag (AS) on Soil Acidity in an Ultisol profile was compared with lime (CaCO3) and phosphogypsum (PG). A column leaching experiment was used, and the leaching columns received a total of 1,632 mm of simulated rainfall which was divided into ten events over 2 months. Results indicated that lime increased Soil pH and exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) in top- and sub-Soil of 0–20 cm but did not affect Soil Acidity of layers below 20 cm. AS had a similarly positive effect to lime in increasing Soil pH and decreasing exchangeable Acidity in top- and sub-Soil but increased total amount of Soil exchangeable Ca2+ and magnesium (Mg2+) throughout the 40-cm profile. Surface application of AS had a comparable effect to PG, lime + PG, and AS + PG in increasing Soil exchangeable Ca2+ in the sub-Soil. Moreover, AS was more effective than lime and PG in enriching Mg in the Ultisol. Lime + PG and AS + PG had similar effects in alleviating Soil Acidity throughout the Soil profile. Sulfate (SO4 2−) in the PG and SO4 2− and chloride (Cl−) in AS, as accompanying anions, promoted the migration of Ca2+ or Mg2+ from the top- to sub-Soil and induced their ameliorating effects on sub-Soil Acidity. AS can play the same role as lime + PG in correcting Soil Acidity in the top- and sub-Soil in this Ultisol, since AS contains both calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate.
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application of alkaline slag and phosphogypsum for alleviating Soil Acidity in an ultisol profile a short term leaching experiment
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Mehedi Masud, Jiuyu Li, Renkou XuAbstract:Purpose Industrial by-products are being explored as alternatives to lime and gypsum for correcting Soil Acidity in top- and sub-Soil because they are cheap and easy to obtain. In this study, the ameliorating effect of alkaline slag (AS) on Soil Acidity in an Ultisol profile was compared with lime (CaCO3) and phosphogypsum (PG).
Ibanor Anghinoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nine year impact of grazing management on Soil Acidity and aluminum speciation and fractionation in a long term no till integrated crop livestock system in the subtropics
Geoderma, 2020Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Tales Tiecher, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Ibanor Anghinoni, Paulo Cesar De Faccio Carvalho, Luiz Gustavo De Oliveira Denardin, Walker Da S Schaidhauer, Sandeep KumarAbstract:Abstract Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) can be an option for agricultural sustainability in subtropics. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of aluminum (Al) dynamics in such systems. In this context, this study was conducted in 2001–2010 on Rhodic Hapludox Soil with the objective of assessing the impacts of time and grazing on Soil Acidity and Al fractions (solid phase) and species (liquid phase) in ICLS (soybean-beef cattle) managed with a long-term no-till system. The crop succession consisted of soybean cultivation during summer and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass during winter. Treatments consisted of different grazing managements during the winter season: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. For this study, sampling was performed prior to the first and after nine grazing seasons. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire study area immediately after the first grazing season. We demonstrated differences in the Al forms in the Soil solid and liquid phases over time and with different managements. The ICLS with intensive grazing or moderate grazing during the winter season led to a lower availability of total Al in the Soil solution and a higher base saturation and lower Al saturation in the Soil solid phase compared to non-grazed areas. However, the Soil pH is similar between grazed and non-grazed. Despite such differentiated dynamics, the carbon accumulated in the Soil with a long-term no-till management guarantees that the preponderant Al form is linked to organic compounds, maintaining the content of phytotoxic species and the Al3+ activity below the critical limit for plant growth.
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long medium and short term dynamics of Soil Acidity in an integrated crop livestock system under different grazing intensities
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2016Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Diego Cecagno, Jose Bernardo Moraes Borin, Fernando Arnuti, Sarah Hanauer Lochmann, Ibanor Anghinoni, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Cimelio Bayer, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) are being highlighted as a sustainable way to produce food and increase the efficiency of land use. One of the important factors in this type of system is the impact of animals on Soil Acidity dynamics. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate Soil Acidity dynamics over long- (11 years), medium- (3 years with semiannual evaluations) and short-term (6 months during pasture season) studies in an integrated soybean–beef cattle system exposed to different grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 in a Rhodic Hapludox Soil with a succession of soybean (summer) and a mix of black oat + Italian ryegrass (winter). Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities during the winter season: intensive grazing (IG), moderate grazing (MG), and no-grazing (NG). Soil was sampled at different times to evaluate the Soil attributes related to Acidity. The Ca and Mg budgets were also calculated for the long-term study. In general, the different grazing intensities in ICLS do not affect Soil Acidity dynamics. However, the presence of animals (ICLS with IG or MG) causes a decrease in the long-term Soil acidification compared with NG. This is due to lower amounts of non-productive losses of Ca and Mg, which result in higher pH values and lower levels of Al saturation. The same trend is observed in the medium- and short-term studies: in most situations, the integrated system is less acidic, but the grazing intensity performed does not affect the Soil Acidity.
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amelioration of Soil Acidity and soybean yield after surface lime reapplication to a long term no till integrated crop livestock system under varying grazing intensities
Soil & Tillage Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amanda Posselt Martins, Ibanor Anghinoni, Sergio Costa, Filipe Selau Carlos, Gabriela De Holanda Nichel, Rodrigo P Silva, Paulo Cesar De Faccio CarvalhoAbstract:Abstract An integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with summer grain cropping and winter grazing of cover crops, is an option for agricultural management in subtropical areas. Despite numerous studies evaluating ICLS, there have been limited investigations of Soil Acidity and lime application dynamics in such systems. Because grain producers resist introducing livestock into cultivation areas due to fear of negative impacts of grazing on soybean yields and lime movement thorough the Soil profile, the objective of this research is to evaluate the impacts of surface lime reapplication on the amelioration of Soil Acidity attributes and the yield of soybean in a long-term integrated soybean-beef cattle system under no-till under varying grazing intensities. An experiment was established in 2001 for an ICLS on a Rhodic Hapludox Soil. Crop succession consisted of soybean ( Glycine max ) cultivation during summer and a mix of black-oat ( Avena strigosa ) + Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) during winter. Treatments consisted of varying grazing intensities during winter: intensive grazing, moderate grazing, and no-grazing. Lime was applied to the surface of the entire area at the beginning of the experiment, and a reapplication was performed nine years later (May of 2010) in a sub-parcel scheme (with and without lime reapplication). Soil Acidity attributes (pH, base saturation and aluminum saturation) were evaluated at 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after lime reapplication, and the soybean yields of the 2010/11, 2011/12, and 2012/13 seasons were measured. As previously observed for the first surface lime application performed in the same trial area, the present study demonstrated that ICLS, regardless of grazing intensity, did not inhibit Soil improvement in deeper layers after surface lime reapplication. In fact, the presence of animals helps to ameliorate Soil Acidity in deeper layers, compared to non-grazed areas. The soybean yield was not correlated with the Soil Acidity attributes and was affected by lime reapplication only under intensive grazing and drought conditions. However, when summer rainfall was lower than the expected climatological normal, soybean yields were higher in non-grazed areas.
