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Charles C. Capen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (OI) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0, 0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and OI cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corticosterone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P < or = 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (01) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0,0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and 01 cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corti- costerone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P 5 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls). Liver weights (1 34% that of controls) and P-450 enzymes (3 times greater than controls) were significantly increased in BTP-treated rats. Abnormal reproductive cycles, elevated serum albumin, and increased hepatic P-450 concentration suggested fecundity could be affected in female rats exposed to BTP, most likely because of altered liver metabolism. Ovariectomized BTP-treated and control rats had similarly increased uterine weights after challenge with estradiol and estradiol benzoate, indicating that triaryl Phosphate-induced esterase inhibition or other xenobiotic- induced block of hormone action in estradiol-responsive tissues was not responsible for the prolonged diestrus in rats with elevated serum estradiol. The pathogenesis of the cholesteryl lipidosis induced by TCP and BTP appeared to be separate from the reproductive effects because the lipidosis was most severe in TCP-treated rats, which had normal reproductive cycles and fertility.
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pathologic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate on the adrenal gland ovary and testis in the fischer 344 rat
Toxicologic Pathology, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTPs) are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants in rodents. The objectives of this study were to develop and characterize a rat model to investigate the mechanism(s) of toxicity of triaryl Phosphate-based hydraulic fluids and to elucidate potential mechanistic pathways of toxicity through studies of structural/ functional relationships. Groups of male and female rats received daily oral doses of either sesame oil alone or 1.7 g/kg of BTP or 0.4 g/kg TCP in sesame oil vehicle or 2.8 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, and 60 days. Light microscopic, morphometric, ultrastructural, and histochemical studies revealed hypertrophy and cholesteryl lipidosis of adrenocortical (both sexes) and ovarian interstitial cells that were progressive with duration of exposure. Minimal degeneration was observed in the adr...
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Abstract Reproductive Toxicity of Butylated Triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate Fluids in F344 Rats. Latendresse, J. R., Brooks, C. L., Flemming, C. D., and Capen, C. C. (1994). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 22, 392-399. The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 g TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights. TCP-dosed female rats had increased ovarian weights, while BTP-dosed females had significantly lower uterine weights. The results of this study indicate that BTP and TCP are reproductive toxicants in F344 rats.
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
John R. Latendresse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (OI) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0, 0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and OI cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corticosterone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P < or = 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (01) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0,0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and 01 cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corti- costerone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P 5 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls). Liver weights (1 34% that of controls) and P-450 enzymes (3 times greater than controls) were significantly increased in BTP-treated rats. Abnormal reproductive cycles, elevated serum albumin, and increased hepatic P-450 concentration suggested fecundity could be affected in female rats exposed to BTP, most likely because of altered liver metabolism. Ovariectomized BTP-treated and control rats had similarly increased uterine weights after challenge with estradiol and estradiol benzoate, indicating that triaryl Phosphate-induced esterase inhibition or other xenobiotic- induced block of hormone action in estradiol-responsive tissues was not responsible for the prolonged diestrus in rats with elevated serum estradiol. The pathogenesis of the cholesteryl lipidosis induced by TCP and BTP appeared to be separate from the reproductive effects because the lipidosis was most severe in TCP-treated rats, which had normal reproductive cycles and fertility.
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pathologic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate on the adrenal gland ovary and testis in the fischer 344 rat
Toxicologic Pathology, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTPs) are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants in rodents. The objectives of this study were to develop and characterize a rat model to investigate the mechanism(s) of toxicity of triaryl Phosphate-based hydraulic fluids and to elucidate potential mechanistic pathways of toxicity through studies of structural/ functional relationships. Groups of male and female rats received daily oral doses of either sesame oil alone or 1.7 g/kg of BTP or 0.4 g/kg TCP in sesame oil vehicle or 2.8 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, and 60 days. Light microscopic, morphometric, ultrastructural, and histochemical studies revealed hypertrophy and cholesteryl lipidosis of adrenocortical (both sexes) and ovarian interstitial cells that were progressive with duration of exposure. Minimal degeneration was observed in the adr...
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Abstract Reproductive Toxicity of Butylated Triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate Fluids in F344 Rats. Latendresse, J. R., Brooks, C. L., Flemming, C. D., and Capen, C. C. (1994). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 22, 392-399. The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 g TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights. TCP-dosed female rats had increased ovarian weights, while BTP-dosed females had significantly lower uterine weights. The results of this study indicate that BTP and TCP are reproductive toxicants in F344 rats.
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Charles L. Brooks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (OI) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0, 0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and OI cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corticosterone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P < or = 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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toxic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in female f344 rats
Veterinary Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates, including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (01) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0,0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and 01 cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corti- costerone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly (P 5 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls). Liver weights (1 34% that of controls) and P-450 enzymes (3 times greater than controls) were significantly increased in BTP-treated rats. Abnormal reproductive cycles, elevated serum albumin, and increased hepatic P-450 concentration suggested fecundity could be affected in female rats exposed to BTP, most likely because of altered liver metabolism. Ovariectomized BTP-treated and control rats had similarly increased uterine weights after challenge with estradiol and estradiol benzoate, indicating that triaryl Phosphate-induced esterase inhibition or other xenobiotic- induced block of hormone action in estradiol-responsive tissues was not responsible for the prolonged diestrus in rats with elevated serum estradiol. The pathogenesis of the cholesteryl lipidosis induced by TCP and BTP appeared to be separate from the reproductive effects because the lipidosis was most severe in TCP-treated rats, which had normal reproductive cycles and fertility.
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pathologic effects of butylated triphenyl Phosphate based hydraulic fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate on the adrenal gland ovary and testis in the fischer 344 rat
Toxicologic Pathology, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Triaryl Phosphates including Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphates (BTPs) are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants in rodents. The objectives of this study were to develop and characterize a rat model to investigate the mechanism(s) of toxicity of triaryl Phosphate-based hydraulic fluids and to elucidate potential mechanistic pathways of toxicity through studies of structural/ functional relationships. Groups of male and female rats received daily oral doses of either sesame oil alone or 1.7 g/kg of BTP or 0.4 g/kg TCP in sesame oil vehicle or 2.8 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, and 60 days. Light microscopic, morphometric, ultrastructural, and histochemical studies revealed hypertrophy and cholesteryl lipidosis of adrenocortical (both sexes) and ovarian interstitial cells that were progressive with duration of exposure. Minimal degeneration was observed in the adr...
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:Abstract Reproductive Toxicity of Butylated Triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate Fluids in F344 Rats. Latendresse, J. R., Brooks, C. L., Flemming, C. D., and Capen, C. C. (1994). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 22, 392-399. The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 g TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights. TCP-dosed female rats had increased ovarian weights, while BTP-dosed females had significantly lower uterine weights. The results of this study indicate that BTP and TCP are reproductive toxicants in F344 rats.
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reproductive toxicity of butylated triphenyl Phosphate and Tricresyl Phosphate fluids in f344 rats
Toxicological Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: John R. Latendresse, Carlyle D. Flemming, Charles L. Brooks, Charles C. CapenAbstract:The effects of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl Phosphate (BTP)-based hydraulic fluid on reproduction were studied in F344 rats using a modification of the National Toxicology Program's Continuous Breeding Protocol. Groups of breeding pairs received single daily oral doses of an equal volume of either 0, 0.6, 1.0 g BTP/kg or 0.4 TCP/kg in sesame oil or 1.7 g neat BTP/kg for up to 135 days. A naive control group allowed to breed, but not dosed or handled daily, demonstrated that daily dosing and handling of the rats had no effect on reproduction. The fertility index and number of litters born were significantly decreased in rats exposed to 1.0 and 1.7 g BTP/kg and 0.4 g TCP/kg. The number of pups per litter was significantly decreased in the TCP group. A crossover mating experiment using 0.4 g TCP/kg/day and 1.0 g BTP/kg/day groups, each mated with vehicle controls, demonstrated that TCP caused 100% infertility in male rats but did not affect reproduction in females. BTP caused a significant decline in reproduction in female rats characterized by low mating and fertility indices, decreased number of litters, and abnormal estrous cycles. Fertility was decreased in the BTP-dosed male rats. Both sexes of rats in the crossover experiment with TCP and BTP had significant decreases in terminal body weights and increases in adrenal gland and liver weights. Only TCP-dosed male rats had significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aleksandr Simonian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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catalytic hydrolysis of Tricresyl Phosphate by ruthenium iii hydroxide and iron iii hydroxide towards sensing application
Sensors, 2020Co-Authors: Lang Zhou, Bryan A Chin, Aleksandr SimonianAbstract:Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) is an organophosphorous neurotoxin that has been detected in water, soil and air. Exposure to TCP in cockpit and cabin air poses a severe threat to flight safety and the health of the aircraft cabin occupants. Conventional methods for the detection of TCP in various samples are gas or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, which are complex and expensive. To develop a simple low-cost methodology for the real-time monitoring of TCP in the environment, an effective catalyst is demanded for the hydrolysis of TCP under neutral condition. In this study, Ruthenium (III) hydroxide and Iron (III) hydroxide are found to facilitate the production of the alcoholysis and hydrolysis products of TCP, suggesting their role as a catalyst. With this finding, these metal hydroxides provide new potential to realize not only simple colorimetric or electrochemical detection of TCP, but also a simple detoxication strategy for TCP in environment. In addition, the catalytic capability of Ru (III) or Fe (III) hydroxide for TCP gives a hint that they can potentially serve as catalysts for the hydrolysis of alcolyolysis of many other organoPhosphate compounds.
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anti fouling pedot pss modification on glassy carbon electrodes for continuous monitoring of Tricresyl Phosphate
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaoyun Yang, Jeffrey Kirsch, Jeffrey W Fergus, Eric Olsen, Aleksandr SimonianAbstract:Abstract In this paper the application of poly(3,4-ethlenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulphonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as an anti-fouling modification on a glassy carbon electrode has been investigated for use in an electrochemical sensing system for continuous monitoring of gaseous Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP). PEDOT is a type of conductive polymer with high stability in aqueous solution. The amphiphilic nature of poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) (NaPSS) helps repel the oxidation products of cresol and reduces electrode fouling. The composite modification has high reproducibility which enables the quantitative determination of gaseous TCP. Although the linear range of detection (50–300 ppb) is narrower than that previously reported, this modified electrode enables continuous monitoring of TCP without the need for electrode polishing that may limit practical application of the sensor in the aircraft cabin.
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portable and remote electrochemical sensing system for detection of Tricresyl Phosphate in gas phase
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2012Co-Authors: Xiaoyun Yang, Alice Zitova, Jeffrey Kirsch, Jeffrey W Fergus, Ruel A Overfelt, Aleksandr SimonianAbstract:Abstract A portable electrochemical sensor has been developed for determination of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) in gas phase. An alkaline catalyst column was used in an automatic TCP sampling system where gasified TCP was hydrolysed to cresol, making it electrochemically detectable. Hydrolysates were then detected in the flow injection analysis (FIA). Amperometric measurements were performed utilizing the unicell, which includes a glassy carbon working electrode, a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode and a stainless steel auxiliary electrode. The response of the system was linear in the TCP concentration range of 5–300 ppb in the gas phase. Commercial jet engine oils containing small amounts of TCP were also analyzed and resulted in signals similar to those from the TCP test and calibration samples.
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copper nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes based electrochemical sensing system for fast identification of Tricresyl Phosphate in aqueous samples and air
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2009Co-Authors: Valber A Pedrosa, Ruel A Overfelt, Rigved Epur, Jessica Benton, Aleksandr SimonianAbstract:Abstract An electrochemical method has been developed for the determination of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) in aqueous media and air. Although TCP is not an electroactive species, conversion of TCP by acid hydrolysis to cresol enables electrochemical detection techniques to be exploited. Amperometric detection was performed using glassy carbon electrode (GC), glassy carbon electrode covered with multiwall carbon nanotubes (GC/MWNTs), and glassy carbon electrode covered with multiwall carbon nanotubes and copper (GC/MWNTs/Cu). It was demonstrated that the most favorable was GC/MWNT/Cu electrode since the electrodeposition of copper onto the MWNT led to enhancement of the analytical response and the possibility of detecting cresol at a low potential (0.54 V versus Ag/AgCl) and higher currents when compared with other electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy with chemical analysis by energy dispersive X-ray techniques was used for the characterization of the distribution of the Cu nanoparticles on the electrode surface. The linear range of cresol detection was 10–160 μM with detection limit of 0.6 μM. The method demonstrates an interesting and desirable alternative for TCP determinations and was used for the determination of TCP in aqueous media and three different concentrations of air samples.
Jürgen Bünger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exposure of aircraft maintenance technicians to organoPhosphates from hydraulic fluids and turbine oils a pilot study
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2014Co-Authors: Birgit K Schindler, Stephan Koslitz, Tobias Weiss, Horst Christoph Broding, Thomas Brüning, Jürgen BüngerAbstract:Abstract Hydraulic fluids and turbine oils contain organoPhosphates like Tricresyl Phosphate isomers, triphenyl Phosphate and tributyl Phosphate from very small up to high percentages. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if aircraft maintenance technicians are exposed to relevant amounts of organoPhosphates. Dialkyl and diaryl Phosphate metabolites of seven organoPhosphates were quantified in pre- and post-shift spot urine samples of technicians ( N = 5) by GC–MS/MS after solid phase extraction and derivatization. Pre- and post shift values of tributyl Phosphate metabolites (dibutyl Phosphate (DBP): median pre-shift: 12.5 μg/L, post-shift: 23.5 μg/L) and triphenyl Phosphate metabolites (diphenyl Phosphate (DPP): median pre-shift: 2.9 μg/L, post-shift: 3.5 μg/L) were statistically higher than in a control group from the general population (median DBP: The aircraft maintenance technicians were occupationally exposed to tributyl and triphenyl Phosphate but not to Tricresyl Phosphate, tri-(2-chloroethyl)- and tri-(2-chloropropyl)-Phosphate. Further studies are necessary to collect information on sources, routes of uptake and varying exposures during different work tasks, evaluate possible health effects and to set up appropriate protective measures.
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exposure of aircraft maintenance technicians to organoPhosphates from hydraulic fluids and turbine oils a pilot study
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2014Co-Authors: Birgit K Schindler, Stephan Koslitz, Tobias Weiss, Horst Christoph Broding, Thomas Brüning, Jürgen BüngerAbstract:Hydraulic fluids and turbine oils contain organoPhosphates like Tricresyl Phosphate isomers, triphenyl Phosphate and tributyl Phosphate from very small up to high percentages. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if aircraft maintenance technicians are exposed to relevant amounts of organoPhosphates. Dialkyl and diaryl Phosphate metabolites of seven organoPhosphates were quantified in pre- and post-shift spot urine samples of technicians (N=5) by GC-MS/MS after solid phase extraction and derivatization. Pre- and post shift values of tributyl Phosphate metabolites (dibutyl Phosphate (DBP): median pre-shift: 12.5 μg/L, post-shift: 23.5 μg/L) and triphenyl Phosphate metabolites (diphenyl Phosphate (DPP): median pre-shift: 2.9 μg/L, post-shift: 3.5 μg/L) were statistically higher than in a control group from the general population (median DBP: <0.25 μg/L, median DPP: 0.5 μg/L). No Tricresyl Phosphate metabolites were detected. The aircraft maintenance technicians were occupationally exposed to tributyl and triphenyl Phosphate but not to Tricresyl Phosphate, tri-(2-chloroethyl)- and tri-(2-chloropropyl)-Phosphate. Further studies are necessary to collect information on sources, routes of uptake and varying exposures during different work tasks, evaluate possible health effects and to set up appropriate protective measures.
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Occupational exposure of air crews to Tricresyl Phosphate isomers and organoPhosphate flame retardants after fume events
Archives of Toxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Birgit Karin Schindler, Stephan Koslitz, Tobias Weiss, Horst Christoph Broding, Jürgen Bünger, Andre Schütze, Thomas BrüningAbstract:Aircraft cabin air can possibly be contaminated by Tricresyl Phosphates (TCP) from jet engine oils during fume events. o -TCP, a known neurotoxin, has been addressed to be an agent that might cause the symptoms reported by cabin crews after fume events. A total of 332 urine samples of pilots and cabin crew members in common passenger airplanes, who reported fume/odour during their last flight, were analysed for three isomers of Tricresyl Phosphate metabolites as well as dialkyl and diaryl Phosphate metabolites of four flame retardants. None of the samples contained o -TCP metabolites above the limit of detection (LOD 0.5 μg/l). Only one sample contained metabolites of m - and p -Tricresyl Phosphates with levels near the LOD. Median metabolite levels of tributyl Phosphate (TBP), tris-(2-chloroethyl) Phosphate (TCEP) and triphenyl Phosphate (TPP) (DBP 0.28 μg/l; BCEP 0.33 μg/l; DPP 1.1 μg/l) were found to be significantly higher than in unexposed persons from the general population. Median tris-(2-chloropropyl) Phosphate (TCPP) metabolite levels were significantly not higher in air crews than in controls. Health complaints reported by air crews can hardly be addressed to o -TCP exposure in cabin air. Elevated metabolite levels for TBP, TCEP and TPP in air crews might occur due to traces of hydraulic fluid in cabin air (TBP, TPP) or due to release of commonly used flame retardants from the highly flame protected environment in the airplane. A slight occupational exposure of air crews to organoPhosphates was shown.
