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Zhi-qiang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Indirect effects in predator-prey interaction: development and predation rates by immature Neoseiulus cucumeris increased by odour from its prey ( Tyrophagus putrescentiae )
Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2020Co-Authors: Xin-yao Gu, Guangyun Li, Zhi-qiang ZhangAbstract:Predator-prey interactions have long been of great interest to ecologists. Although the direct consumptive effects have received extensive research, indirect influences of odour derived from their conspecifics and prey on predators have largely been underestimated and overlooked. In this study, the indirect effects of predator-prey interactions were determined with predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris and its factitious prey Tyrophagus putrescentiae. The responses of immature N. cucumeris to mixed odour with their conspecifics and prey were determined in a laboratory experiment. Our results showed that the mixed odour with their conspecifics did not demonstrate any obvious influences on the survival rates, developmental periods, predation rates and activities of the predatory mites. Intriguingly, the predators prolonged their protonymphal stage and consumed more prey eggs when exposed to mixed odour with their prey. Our results indicated that the mixed odour with their conspecifics was weak and its influence was insignificant for this species, but the prey odour showed a signifcant influence on the growth and consumption rates of immature predators, which highlighted that the indirect influences of predator-prey interactions on the predator were substantial and cannot be neglected.
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can supplementary food pollen modulate the functional response of a generalist predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris to its prey tetranychus urticae
Biocontrol, 2020Co-Authors: Zhi-qiang Zhang, Guangyun LiAbstract:In augmentative biocontrol, more generalists are being investigated for their potential in pest control. Although other food sources such as supplementary food may enhance the survival of generalists, whether they will affect their predation capacity is still an open question. Here, we investigated the influence of Typha orientalis pollen on the predation rates and functional response of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to immature Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pollen did lead to a decrease in predation rate of the predator in the short-term test. However, N. cucumeris displayed a type II functional response to immature T. urticae, with high predation rates on eggs and larvae irrespective of the presence of pollen. Pollen also did not have a significant negative influence on the attack rate and handling time of the predators. These findings suggest that N. cucumeris can be an efficient predator of immature T. urticae even when pollen is available.
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A modified Munger cell for testing long-term effects of predator-induced stress on prey: an example using Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acaridae) and its predator Neoseiulus cucumeris (Phytoseiidae)
Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2019Co-Authors: Zhi-qiang ZhangAbstract:Predators can influence prey directly by consuming them, or indirectly by inducing stress to them. In previous studies, the exposure of leaves or containers to predators is short term and the replacement of such predator-exposed units for any long-term experiments is laborious. This study aims to establish a new method to enable continuous predator-induced stress to prey by using a modified Munger cell, with Tyrophagus putrescentiae and its predator predator Neoseiulus cucumeris as an example.
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Provisioning predatory mites with entomopathogenic fungi or pollen improves biological control of a greenhouse psyllid pest.
Pest Management Science, 2019Co-Authors: Zhi-qiang Zhang, Jacqueline R. BeggsAbstract:BACKGROUND: Tomato/potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), is a recently established invasive pest of solanaceous crops in New Zealand. No alternative control strategies are available against TPP due to the development of insecticidal resistance. We investigated the combined use of the predatory mites Amblydromalus limonicus or Neoseiulus cucumeris with either the fungus Beauveria bassiana (suspensions and dry conidia) or with Typha orientalis pollen as a control of TPP in greenhouse bell pepper over 7 weeks. RESULTS: All treatments significantly reduced TPP densities compared with the control. A. limonicus resulted in significantly lower TPP densities than any other combination with N. cucumeris. B. bassiana suspensions did not affect A. limonicus densities when they were combined. However, the application of dry B. bassiana conidia significantly reduced the densities of A. limonicus. The use of T. orientalis pollen resulted in significantly higher densities of A. limonicus but densities of N. cucumeris did not increase. The combined use of A. limonicus with B. bassiana suspensions or T. orientalis pollen resulted in significantly decreased TPP populations and greater crop yield. CONCLUSION: The synergistic application of A. limonicus with B. bassiana suspensions could be a suitable strategy to control TPP in the greenhouse. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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predation prey preference and reproduction of predatory mites amblydromalus limonicus garman amblyseius herbicolus chant and Neoseiulus cucumeris oudemans mesostigmata phytoseiidae on immature sericothrips staphylinus haliday thysanoptera thripidae a
Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2019Co-Authors: Quentin Paynter, Zhi-qiang ZhangAbstract:Gorse, Ulex europaeus, is an invasive weed that has serious agricultural, economic and ecological impacts. Although various biological control agents have been released in New Zealand, these have showed no noticeable impact on gorse populations. One such agent, Sericothrips staphylinus, was introduced to New Zealand in 1990 and although laboratory impact studies indicated it was a highly promising gorse biological control agent, it has not been as effective as was hoped. We hypothesized this was due to predation by natural enemies. This study investigated the predation and oviposition rates of three phytoseiid mites (Amblydromalus limonicus, Amblyseius herbicolus, and Neoseiulus cucumeris) that have been found on gorse plants in New Zealand on three S. staphylinus stages (1st instar larvae, 2nd instar larvae, and prepupa) in both choice and non-choice conditions. In non-choice conditions, A. limonicus had the highest predation and oviposition rate across all three immature stages, and N. cucumeris had the lowest. Amblydromalus limonicus, A. herbicolus, and N. cucumeris all had their highest predation rate when consuming 1st instar larvae, and their lowest predation rate when consuming prepupa. In the choice experiment, all three predatory mite species consumed their highest proportion of 1st instar larvae, and their lowest proportion of prepupae. The oviposition rate of all three mite species in the choice experiment was similar to the oviposition rate when presented with 1st instar larvae only. The results from this study confirm that A. limonicus, A. herbicolus, and N. cucumeris can predate and reproduce on S. staphylinus 1st instar larvae, 2nd instar larvae, and prepupa. This indicates that predation may be the reason why S. staphylinus is an ineffective biocontrol agent in New Zealand.
Philip A Stansly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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predation by Neoseiulus cucumeris and amblyseius swirskii on thrips palmi and frankliniella schultzei on cucumber
Biological Control, 2016Co-Authors: Garima Kakkar, Vivek Kumar, Dakshina R Seal, Oscar E Liburd, Philip A StanslyAbstract:Thrips palmi Karny and Frankliniella schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are serious pests of various crops of economic importance across the globe. Two species of phytoseiid mites were evaluated as potential predators of T. palmi and F. schultzei in the laboratory, a shade house and a commercial cucumber production field. In a no-choice lab bioassay, both Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) and Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) preyed in equal measure on larvae of T. palmi and F. schultzei placed on leaf disks. In the shade house, mites were only recovered from leaf samples and not in flowers. Consequently, they were only effective in controlling T. palmi on leaves. Two rates of mites (20 and 40 mites/plant) were tested in the field. Neither species nor rate suppressed F. schultzei in blooms. In contrast, both rates of A. swirskii suppressed T. palmi on leaves, although the high rate acted more rapidly and therefore had a greater overall effect over the course of the 22-day study. These results suggest that A. swirskii can serve as an effective alternative to conventional insecticide-based management of T. palmi in commercial open field cucumber production in Florida.
Tuomo Tuovinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of introductions of a predator complex on spider mites and thrips in a tunnel and an open field of pesticide-free everbearer strawberry
Journal of Berry Research, 2014Co-Authors: Tuomo Tuovinen, Isa LindqvistAbstract:BACKGROUND: Chemical control of spider mites and thrips in everbearer strawberry is difficult as few efficient chemicals are available and residues represent a risk. In the north the success of biocontrol of mites and thrips in open fields compared with tunnels needs to be evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the need for control of spider mites and thrips and evaluate the effectiveness of biological control agents in everbearer strawberry. METHODS: Similar experimental plots, in a tunnel and an open field, planted with three everbearer strawberry varieties were arranged to compare the effect of introductions of the spider mite predator Phytoseiulus persimilis and releases of the generalist predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris and Neoseiulus barkeri and a predatory bug, Orius majusculus. Several sampling methods were used to evaluate mite and thrips populations. RESULTS: Phytoseiulus persimilis was successful against spider mites. Naturally occurring cecidomyiid and staphylinid predators affected control positively. Thrips damage remained mostly tolerable. The dominant thrips species were Thrips major, Thrips atratus, Thrips vulgatissimus and Frankliniella intonsa. Thrips numbers in the beating tray samples correlated with thrips damage to berries. CONCLUSIONS: Predatory mites were effective in controlling spider mites in an open field and a tunnel. The need for thrips control depended on the strawberry variety. Naturally occurring predators contributed to the control of spider mites and thrips.
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effects of cyclamen mite phytonemus pallidus and leaf beetle galerucella tenella damage on volatile emission from strawberry fragaria x ananassa duch plants and orientation of predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris n californicus and euseius finlandicu
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Sari Himanen, Terhi Vuorinen, Tuomo Tuovinen, Jarmo K HolopainenAbstract:Volatile emission profile of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) plants (cvs. Polka and Honeoye) damaged by cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus Banks) or leaf beetle Galerucella tenella (L.) (cv. Polka) was analyzed to determine the potential of these strawberry plants to emit herbivore-induced volatiles. The total volatile emissions as well as emissions of many green leaf volatiles (e.g., (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate) and methyl salicylate were greater from cyclamen mite-damaged strawberry plants than from intact plants. Leaf beetle feeding increased emissions of monoterpenes (Z)-ocimene and (E)-β-ocimene, sesquiterpenes (E)-β-caryophyllene, (E,E)-α-farnesene, and germacrene-D, and a homoterpene (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) significantly. Nevertheless, the naive generalist predatory mites, Neoseiulus cucumeris, Neoseiulus californicus, and Euseius finlandicus did not prefer P. pallidus- or G. tenella-damaged plants over intact plants in a Y-tube olfactometer, suggesting that ...
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Biological control of the strawberry mite by using predatory mites
2003Co-Authors: Tuomo TuovinenAbstract:Strawberry mite control by Neoseiulus cucumeris has proven economically feasible. To achieve a better integration of biocontrol with growing techniques and outdoor conditions development of alternative approaches by native phytoseiid species are required.
John S Fenlon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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supplemental food affects thrips predation and movement of orius laevigatus hemiptera anthocoridae and Neoseiulus cucumeris acari phytoseiidae
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2007Co-Authors: David J Skirvin, L Kravargarde, K Reynolds, Julie Jones, A Mead, John S FenlonAbstract:Two experiments were done to examine the predation of thrips, and the movement of Orius laevigatus Fieber and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) in the presence and absence of two supplemental food sources, pollen and the fungus Trichoderma viride. The presence of pollen led to a 55% reduction in predation of the thrips by N. cucumeris and a 40% reduction in thrips predation by O. laevigatus, in experiments using single predators. The presence of fungus had no significant effect on thrips predation by either of the natural enemy species. Movement of the natural enemies was examined in a multiple predator experiment, and this showed that O. laevigatus was more likely to remain on the plant in the presence of thrips and when supplemental food, either pollen or fungus, was present. For N. cucumeris, there was no association between the presence of thrips and the mite, with the majority of the mites being found on the leaves where pollen was present. Although the single and multiple predator experiments were done at different times, the indications are that the predation rates of the N. cucumeris do not differ greatly between the two experiments, suggesting that there may be a potential interference effect between the mites, which is not present for O. laevigatus. The significance of these results for the use of supplemental food sources in biological control is discussed.
Takeshi Shimoda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship between the ability to penetrate complex webs of tetranychus spider mites and the ability of thread cutting behavior in phytoseiid predatory mites
Biological Control, 2010Co-Authors: Takeshi Shimoda, Hidenari Kishimoto, Junji Takabayashi, Hiroshi Amano, Marcel DickeAbstract:Abstract Predatory mites, that are important natural enemies of Tetranychus spider mites, are less hindered by complex webs of the spider mites than are other predatory mites that are natural enemies of other pest herbivores. This can be partly explained by their chaetotaxy, a morphological protection against the webs. However, it has up to now been unclear whether the ability to penetrate complex webs is related to the ability of thread-cutting behavior to reduce the effects of the webs. The two predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris and Typhlodromus vulgaris, that are natural enemies of other pest herbivores, were often entrapped by the sticky silken threads while moving within the complex web produced by the two-spotted spider mites Tetranychus urticae. Once captured, their movements and foraging activities were hindered until their escape from entrapment. In contrast, N. womersleyi and Phytoseiulus persimilis, that are important natural enemies of Tetranychus mites, were significantly less frequently entrapped by the web and for shorter periods. Furthermore, N. womersleyi and P. persimilis cut significantly more silken threads within the web than did N. cucumeris and T. vulgaris. The different behavioral activities exhibited by N. cucumeris and N. womersleyi could not be explained by their rearing conditions (i.e., past experience with complex webs). These results supported the hypothesis and might offer an ecological indicator for distinguishing potential important natural enemies of Tetranychus mites from less useful types.
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olfactory responses of the predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris and insects orius strigicollis to two different plant species infested with onion thrips thrips tabaci
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2008Co-Authors: Satoshi Tatemoto, Takeshi ShimodaAbstract:Responses of Neoseiulus cucumeris (a predatory mite) and the predatory insect Orius strigicollis to volatiles associated with two different plant species infested with onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, were examined in a Y-tube olfactometer. Both predators species showed a significant preference for volatiles from infested cucumber leaves without T. tabaci over clean air. However, they were not attracted to volatiles from uninfested cucumber leaves, artificially damaged cucumber leaves, or volatiles from T. tabaci plus their visible products collected from cucumber leaves. These results suggest that both predator species are capable of exploiting herbivore-induced volatiles from T. tabaci-infested cucumber leaves as a foraging cue. Neither predator was attracted to volatiles from uninfested spring onion leaves, infested spring onion leaves without T. tabaci, or volatiles from T. tabaci plus their visible products collected from spring onion leaves. Interestingly, they avoided volatiles from artificially damaged spring onion leaves. A possible explanation for the non-significant olfactory responses of the predator species to spring onion plants with infestation damage of T. tabaci is discussed.