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M R Sudharshan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of pruning mother suckers on daughter sucker production in cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum M.) seedlings
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, V Krishna Kumar, M R SudharshanAbstract:The effect of pruning mother suckers on daughter sucker production, growth and development of nursery seedlings of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) is reported. The number of suckers produced was significantly higher in seedlings pruned at 5 months of age followed by seedlings pruned at 3 months of age. The study indicated that pruning was not helpful in in creasing biomass and hence it may not be necessary to remove apical meristem (mother sucker pruning) before transplanting of nursery seedlings.
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Effect of seed size and incubation temperature on seed germination of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, K Srinivasan, M R Sudharshan, R NaiduAbstract:An experiment was conducted to find out the optimal incubation temperature and ideal season for sowing cardamom ( Elettaria cardalilomum ) seeds to achieve better and uniform germination. Germination parameters were studied during September-October, December-January and February-March 1989-91. An incubation temperature of 30°C recorded good germination during all the three seasons. However, seeds kept at ambient temperature during September - October resulted in best germination compared to 30°C. There was no significant difference in germination between seed sizes used.
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Influence of sowing methods on production of seedlings in cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, Koshy John, M R SudharshanAbstract:The effect of different methods of seed sowing in cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) was studied in relation to germination and growth of seedlings in the nursery at Mudigere (Karnataka, India). Seed requirement was less and germination percentage was significantly higher in dibblinglhill method of sowing compared to drillinglline method. Height of seedlings, number of leaves, leaf area, number of tillers, fresh weight, dry weight per seedling and percentage of standard seedlings (4-5 tillers/seedling) obtained at transplantable age were also significantly higher in dibblinglhill sowing method.
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Effect of different methods of planting and spacing on growth and yield of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, Krishnakumar, M R SudharshanAbstract:Experiments cop.ducted at Sakaleshpur (Karnataka, India) to study the effect of different methods of planting and spacing on growth and yield of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) indicated that trench method of planting (60 cm x 30 cm) at 2 m x 1 m spacing resulted in significantly better growth and yield.
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Seasonal population of cardamom thrips ( Sciothrips cardamomi (Ramk.) on three cultivar types of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: Jasvir Singh, M R Sudharshan, M Tamil SelvanAbstract:The seasonal population of cardamom thrips (Sciothrips cardamomi) and its damage to capsules was assessed on three Cllitivar types (Malabar, Vazhukka and Mysore) of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) at Saklespur (Karnataka, India) during 1990-92. Thrips population was high during pre-and post-monsoon periods in all the cultivar types. There were significant differences in thrips damage on the capsules in the three cultivar types. There was no significant correlation between abiotic factors and thrips population. The cultivar type Malabar, mainly grown in Karnataka, recorded about 50% less damage than the other cultivar types. Mean thrips damage on capsules during the three years of study in Malabar, Vazhukka and Mysore cultivam types were 28.44%, 57.92% and 62.55%, respectively.
M N Venugopal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Viral diseases of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton) and their management
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: M N VenugopalAbstract:Small cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton) is affected by many diseases which have been identified as a major production constraint. Among the viral diseases 'katte' or mosaic is the major viral disease causing severe yield losses to an extent of 68 per cent. In addition, Nilgiri necrosis, infectious variegation virus and 'kokke kandu' diseases are gaining importance in recent years. The present paper reviews the information available on distribution of viral diseases, symptomatology, crop loss, transmission, etiology, host range and disease management. The future plan of work on aspects such as breeding for disease resistance through genetic engineering, virus characterization and early detection methods are indicated.
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Efficacy of entomogenous fungi on biological suppression of Pentalonia nigronervosa f. caladii Van der Goot of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: M J Mathew, K. A. Saju, M N VenugopalAbstract:Experiments were conducted in the laboratory on the biological suppression of the aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa f. caladii of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) using four entomogenous fungi namely, Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Verticillium chlamydosporium and Metarhizium anisopliae. Fungal spore suspensions (1 x 107 spores/ml) when applied on the aphid colonies caused mortality to both apterous adults and nymphs ranging from 37.0 to 96.6 per cent and 32.S to 75.4 per cent, respectively. B. bassiana was the most potent biocontrol agent effecting 96.6 and 75.4 per cent mortality for adults and nymphs, respectively, in the indirect expsoure method and 65.9 and 70.9 per cent, respectively, in the direct exposure method.
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Natural disease escapes as sources of resistance against cardamom mosaic virus causing katte disease of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: M N VenugopalAbstract:Resistant sources to cardamom mosaic virus causing katte disease of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) were identified by collecting 134 disease escapes from hot spots of virus infection in South India and screening them in greenhouse, sick plot and hot spots. Testing of promising collections in four hot spots and also against natural infection confirmed the resistant nature of the collections.
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Compound inflorescence cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) in India
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2009Co-Authors: D Prasath, M N VenugopalAbstract:Cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) is an important spice crop of India and valued for its dried capsules. Regular surveys are being undertaken by Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Appangala, Karnataka, India for collecting the variable germplasm of cardamom. At present 436 cardamom accessions collected from cardamom growing tracts of South India are conserved in field gene bank. Among the collections, 23 accessions with varied branching pattern were assembled during explorations and characterized for 16 plant, panicle and capsule characters during 2003–2005. The coefficient of variation was greatest for yield per plant (77.94%) followed by branches per panicle (49.40%) and minimum for dry recovery per cent (7.73%). Two accessions, IC 547214 and IC 349544 were identified as promising with desirable yield contributing characters. The accessions, IC 349553 with extensive branching at the proximal end of the panicle and IC 547180 with dark green capsules even after drying were found to be unique. All the characterized accessions are maintained under ex situ cardamom gene bank of IISR.
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Evaluation of high-yielding cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) selections in Karnataka for yield and quality.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: D Prasath, M N Venugopal, R Senthil KumarAbstract:Fourteen genotypes of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) including 3 popular farmers’ selections were evaluated during 2003–07 at high altitudes to assess the yield as well as to identify the suitable genotypes under Karnataka conditions. Results indicated that in terms of yield, the farmers’ selections performed at par with the released variety ‘IISR Suvasini’. The estimated yield (dry) over 3 years varied from 524.35 kg/ha (‘APG 387’) to 1140.54 kg/ha (‘APG 250’). Among the genotypes, ‘APG 250’ and ‘APG 416’ performed consistently with higher yield in all the 3 years.
H M Chandrappa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preliminary screening of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton) elite clones for thrips ( Sciothrips cardamomi Ramk.) damage in the field
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: C Parvathi, H M ChandrappaAbstract:Seventy three elite cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) clones were screened for tolerance to thrips ( Sciothrips cardamomi ) damage under natural infestation. Three colones, viz., D-514, D-769 and CI-754 were promising with least damage to capsules.
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Effect of growth regulators and spacing on multiplication of planting ullits in cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: S M Shanthaveerabhadraiah, H M Chandrappa, M ThimmarayappaAbstract:Experiments on multiplication of planting units in cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) under uniform shade revealed that growth regulators (Etherel 250 ppm and Cycocel 2000 ppm) did not influence proliferation of planting units whereas closer spacing (0.9 m x 0.3 m) resulted in significantly higher number of planting units.
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Response of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton) to NPK under uniform shade
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: S M Shanthaveerabhadraiah, H M Chandrappa, B JagannathAbstract:Experiments conducted during 1987-94 at Mudigere (Karnataka, India) to study the response of different levels of N, P and K on the yield of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) under uniform shade indicated that increasing N up to 100 kg/ha resulted in a significant increase in capsule yield. Application of P at 50 kg/ha had a positive effect on yield; further increase of P up to 100 kg did not give significant results. In the case of K, significant increase in yield was observed up to 100 kg/ha. The effect of NPK levels on yield component factors such as suckers and panicles varied from year to year.
Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of pruning mother suckers on daughter sucker production in cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum M.) seedlings
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, V Krishna Kumar, M R SudharshanAbstract:The effect of pruning mother suckers on daughter sucker production, growth and development of nursery seedlings of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) is reported. The number of suckers produced was significantly higher in seedlings pruned at 5 months of age followed by seedlings pruned at 3 months of age. The study indicated that pruning was not helpful in in creasing biomass and hence it may not be necessary to remove apical meristem (mother sucker pruning) before transplanting of nursery seedlings.
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Effect of Chloromequat, Daminozide, Ethepon and Maleic hydrazide on certain vegetative characters of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton) seedlings
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, V Krishna Kumar, R NaiduAbstract:The effect of application of growth regulators such as Maleic hydrazide, Daminozide (Alar), Chloromequat (Cycocel) and Ethepon (Ethrel) on growth and development of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) seedlings of various age groups was studied. Maleic hydrazide (250 ppm), Daminozide (500 ppm), Chloromequat (250 ppm) and Ethepon (100 ppm) siginificantly enhanced tiller production and other vegetative characters when applied on 7 month old seedlings. These treatments were economical based on cost-benefit ratios that were worked out.
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Effect of seed size and incubation temperature on seed germination of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2016Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, K Srinivasan, M R Sudharshan, R NaiduAbstract:An experiment was conducted to find out the optimal incubation temperature and ideal season for sowing cardamom ( Elettaria cardalilomum ) seeds to achieve better and uniform germination. Germination parameters were studied during September-October, December-January and February-March 1989-91. An incubation temperature of 30°C recorded good germination during all the three seasons. However, seeds kept at ambient temperature during September - October resulted in best germination compared to 30°C. There was no significant difference in germination between seed sizes used.
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Influence of sowing methods on production of seedlings in cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, Koshy John, M R SudharshanAbstract:The effect of different methods of seed sowing in cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) was studied in relation to germination and growth of seedlings in the nursery at Mudigere (Karnataka, India). Seed requirement was less and germination percentage was significantly higher in dibblinglhill method of sowing compared to drillinglline method. Height of seedlings, number of leaves, leaf area, number of tillers, fresh weight, dry weight per seedling and percentage of standard seedlings (4-5 tillers/seedling) obtained at transplantable age were also significantly higher in dibblinglhill sowing method.
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Effect of different methods of planting and spacing on growth and yield of cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 2015Co-Authors: Siddagangaiah Siddagangaiah, Krishnakumar, M R SudharshanAbstract:Experiments cop.ducted at Sakaleshpur (Karnataka, India) to study the effect of different methods of planting and spacing on growth and yield of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) indicated that trench method of planting (60 cm x 30 cm) at 2 m x 1 m spacing resulted in significantly better growth and yield.
D. Kamaraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phytochemical variations among four distinct varieties of Indian cardamom Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton.
Natural Product Research, 2019Co-Authors: Kaliyaperumal Ashokkumar, Muthusamy Murugan, M. K. Dhanya, Surya Raj, D. KamarajAbstract:Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton prestigiously called as Indian cardamom and is mostly cultivated in south India at higher altitudes ranging from 900 to 1400 msl. The chemical composition of dry cap...